Showing papers on "Isopropyl alcohol published in 1972"

Hygienic-cosmetic compositions

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel hygienic-cosmetic compositions for the treatment of skin, especially for the treatment of acne. The compositions consist of 2 - 50 percent by weight of ethyl lactate, isopropyl lactate and/or glycerol mono or dilactate, preferably up to 10 percent by weight of glycerol and/or propylene glycol, whereas the remainder of the composition, which is virtually water-free, essentially consists of ethyl and/or isopropyl alcohol.

Determination of the photocatalytic activities of titanium dioxides and other white pigments

Abstract: Titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and other white pigments are widely used in protective coatings and textile applications. An undesirable property of such pigments is their behavior as photo-oxidation catalysts. As a measure of the activities of various pigments, quantum yields were determined for the photo-oxidation of isopropyl alcohol to acetone in a system where the pigment was the only absorbing species. An absolute quantum yield of 0.5 was found for reagent-grade anatase; relative quantum yields were determined for various commercial anatase and rutile titanium dioxides, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, and barium tungstate. A good correlation was found between the photodegradation rates of pigmented polypropylenes, the photodegradation rates of the dyes in pigmented cellulose acetate butyrate, and the activities of the pigments determined by the isopropyl alcohol oxidation method.

Reduction of 7-Methylenebicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-one and Related Compounds: Structural Investigation of the Products

Abstract: Hydrogenation of 7-methylenebicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-one (1) over platinum oxide in acetic acid yielded 7α-methylbicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3α-ol (2) as the sole product. Hydrogenation of (1) in ethyl acetate afforded 7α-methylbicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-one (3) as a reduced product and 7-methylbicyclo[3.3.1]non-6-en-3-one (4) as an isomerized product. Hydrogenation of 1 over palladium on carbon gave no reduced product but 4 in 100% conversion. Hydrogenation of 7-methylenebicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3α-ol (7) and -3β-ol (8) over platinum oxide in acetic acid gave 2 and 7α-methylbicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3β-ol (5), respectively. From studies based on NMR spectroscopy with use of a shift-reagent, it is concluded that the major conformer of 2 and 5 is of chair-boat form. By the equilibration experiment between 2 and 5 using aluminum isopropoxide in isopropyl alcohol at 110°C, the ΔG° value was found to be −2.2 kcal/mol.

Process for preparing overbased zinc phosphorodithioates

Abstract: Overbased zinc diorganophosphorodithioates are prepared from a diorganophosphorodithioic acid and basic zinc compound in the presence of isopropyl alcohol. The reaction products obtained are used as additives for lubricating oils to impart useful properties thereto.

Ephenamine d-(-)-2-acetylamino-2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)acetate

Abstract: RACEMIC 2-(P-HYDROXYPHENYL)GLYCINE IS EFFICIENTLY RESOLVED BY O,N-DI ACETYLATION FOLLOWED BY THE ADDITION OF ABOUT ONE MOLE OF LEVO-ERYTHROEPHENAMINE IN HOT ETHANOL, ACETONE OR ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL TO PRECIPITATE OR COOLING THE SUBSTANTIALLY PURE, CRYSTALLINE LEVO-ERYTHRO-EPHENAMINE SALT OF D-(-)-N-ACETYL-2-(P-ACETOXYPHENYL)-GLYCINE FROM WHICH THE SAME AMINE IS REMOVED BY EXTRACTION INTO METHYLENE CHLORIDE AT PH 10 FOLLOWED BY REMOVAL OF THE TWO ACETYL GROUPS BY HOT ACID HYDROLYSIS TO PRODUCE THE DESIRED D(-)-2-(P-HYDROXYPHENYL)GLYCINE.

Topical steroid compositions

Abstract: A stable composition for topical steroids comprises a gel formed from propylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol and a carboxymethylene hydrocolloid polymer, and optionally containing alkali metal metabisulfite and/or citric acid.

Organic smoke suppressant additive and distillate hydrocarbon fuel compositions containing same

Abstract: ORGANIC SMOKE SUPPRESSANT ADDITIVE AND DISTILLATE HYDROCARBON FUEL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SAID ADDITIVE. THE ADDITIVE COMPRISES AN ETHER OF HYDROQUINONE AND A MIXTURE OF ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL AND DIACTONE ALCOHOL. THE PREFERRED DISTILLATE HYDROCARBON FUEL COMPOSITION COMPRISES A MAJOR PROPORTION OF DIESEL FUEL AND A MINOR PROPORTION OF THE ADDITIVE.

Glycerol soldering fluxes

Abstract: A WATER SOLUBLE FLUXING BATH COMPOSITION HAVING PARTICULAR VALUE IN IMMERSION SOLDERING OF METALLIC SURFACES AND ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS AND THAT IS CHARACTERIZED BY GOOD THERMAL AND CHEMICAL STABILITY AND EASY REMOVAL OF FLUX RESIDUES WITHOUT CORRESION OR INSULATION RESTANCE HAZARDS, COMPRISING FROM ABOUT 0.2 TO 0.5% BY WEIGHT OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID, FROM ABOUT 2.0 TO 4.0% BY WEIGHT OF TARTARIC ACID, FROM ABOUT 80 TO 98% BY WEIGHT OF GLYCERIN SOLVENT. AN ALKYL ALCOHOL DILUENT FOR THE ACID ADDITIONS MAY BE ADDED IN AN AMOUNT OF FROM 0 TO 15% BY WEIGHT. ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL IS PREFERRED.

Light-induced and related reactions of quinones. Part IX. t-Butyl-1,4-benzoquinones

Abstract: Irradiation of t-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone with visible light in dry acetaldehyde gives an 80% yield of 4,5-dihydro-2,4,4-trimethyl-1,3-benzodioxepin-7-ol, but irradiation in aqueous acetaldehyde yields 72% of 1-(2,5-dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-methylpropan-2-ol. The latter compound is also the major product when the quinone is irradiated in aqueous t-butyl alcohol, although only a poor yield results when the t-butyl alcohol is dry. With isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, and methanol the major products are the corresponding 2-alkoxy-1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-propanes.Irradiation of 2,5-di-t-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone in acetaldehyde gives the expected t-butyldihydrobenzodioxepin, although in low yield, but no dihydrobenzodioxepin was detected amongst the products similarly obtained from 2,6-di-t-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone.Irradiation of the quinones in dry benzene gives very low yields of 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-5-ols and 3-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropenes.Reorganisation of the carbon skeleton of a t-butyl group is involved in the formation of all these compounds, and mechanisms for this are discussed. Structural assignments are based on spectroscopic examination, and, on comparison of derivatives with synthetic materials.

Application of ternary equilibrium data to the production of fish protein concentrate

Abstract: Standard chemical engineering techniques were applied to ternary equilibria data obtained from laboratory studies for the systems water-isopropyl alcohol-menhaden oil and water-ethanol-menhaden oil to obtain information for development and operation of a fish protein concentrate process. Theoretical minimum solvent ratios, the required number of theoretical stages, stage efficiency, effect of excess water in the solvent and the effect of temperature of extraction are reported. A comparison of the solvent, isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and ethanol, at an extraction temperature of 70 C, leaves no doubt that IPA is a superior solvent for the system studied.

Measurement of the rate constants of the reaction of peroxy radicals with alcohols by the interlinked oxidation method with a selective inhibitor

Abstract: 1. A method of interlinked oxidation of hydrocarbon with alcohol in the presence of a selective inhibitor is proposed for the measurement of the rate constant of the reaction of the peroxy radical with primary or secondary alcohols. 2. This method was used to measure the rate constants for the reaction of cyclohexenylperoxy radicals with benzyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butanol, and ethanol at 60° and methanol at 40°.

Drying isopropyl alcohol on NaA zeolite

Abstract: 1. A study of the liquid-phase adsorptive drying of isopropyl alcohol on NaA zeolite has been carried out. 2. It was found that increasing the adsorption temperature to 75‡C has a positive effect, increasing the dynamic activity (the extent of drying remains unchanged at about 0.002 wt. %). 3. It was shown that the stability of zeolite in a multicycle operation is maintained when drying either fresh alcohol or a distillate from reclaimed alcohol.

The hydrogen chloride catalysed decomposition of t-butyl isopropyl ether

Abstract: Hydrogen chloride catalyses the decomposition of t-butyl isopropyl ether at 319-420o. The major products are isobutene and isopropyl alcohol; traces of propene and t-butyl alcohol are formed. The reaction is first order in each reagent and the Arrhenius equation is followed. K2 = 1012.97±0.14exp(-32110 ± 400/RT) The rate is not affected by the addition of cyclohexene or by an increase in the surface-to-volume ratio of the reaction vessel. The formation of traces of propene is discussed.

Colouring suppositories prodn - by absorbing food dyes adsorbed on fine cellulose powder

Abstract: Water-soluble dyes are dissolved in low-boiling alcohol, water or mixtures and brought into contact with finely-divided cellulose powder where dye is absorbed by evaporation of the solvent. The coloured cellulose powder is mixed with the suppository mass. The prefd. dyes are food-dyes using methyl, ethyl or isopropyl alcohol as solvent.

Hydrogen transfer from isopropyl alcohol to unsaturated aldehydes and ketones in the presence of Al2O3

Abstract: 1. At low temperatures (80–180°) aluminum oxide catalyzes hydrogen transfer from isopropyl alcohol to unsaturated aldehydes. The reduction of acrolein and crotonaldehyde proceeds only at the C=O group and is accompanied by pronounced condensation. 2. Hydrogen transfer to unsaturated ketones with isolated multiple bonds (allylacetone and 2-methyi-2-hepten-6-one) proceeds selectively at the carbonyl group and is not complicated by side processes. The yield of unsaturated alcohol was 90%.

Investigation of dipiperidyls

Abstract: The oxidation of o-phenanthroline with potassium permanganate gives 2,2′-dipyridyl-5,5′-dicarboxylic acid (I). The corresponding esters of I were obtained by esterification with methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, and benzyl alcohol.

Telomerization of vinyl chloride by polychloroalkanes containing the CCl3 group in the presence of iron pentacarbonyl and alcohol

Abstract: 1. The radical telomerization of vinyl chloride by 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane and 1,1,1-trichloroethane was studied in the presence of Fe(CO)5 in isopropyl alcohol medium, leading to the formation of compounds with the structure RCH2CCl2 (CH2CHCl)nCl, where R=H, ClCH2. Telomer homologs with n=1–3 were isolated, and their structure demonstrated. 2. Iron pentacarbonyl, in conjunction with isopropyl alcohol, is not only an initiator of this telomerization, but at definite concentrations it participates in chain propagation, changing the yields of the telomer homologs and the particular transfer constants.

Homolytic addition of isopropyl alcohol to divinyl ethers of 1,1- and 1,2-diols

Abstract: The reaction of divinyl ethers of 1,1- and 1,2-diols with isopropyl alcohol in the presence of tert-butyl peroxide gave, in addition to telomers, cyclic adducts (1∶1), to which the 5-methyl-4-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-1,3-dioxolane structure (in the case of divinyl ethers of gem-diols) or the 2-methyl-3-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-1,4-dioxane structure (in the case of the vic-diols) was assigned.