Showing papers on "Micropropagation published in 2008"
TL;DR: The effect of AC on growth regulator uptake is still unclear but some workers believe that AC may gradually release certain adsorbed products, such as nutrients and growth regulators which become available to plants.
403 citations
TL;DR: The multiple roles played by AMF in the establishment of micropropagated plantlets are discussed and different techniques of mycorrhization and the constraints pertaining to the use of these techniques are also discussed.
161 citations
01 Jan 2008
155 citations
TL;DR: A simple, high-frequency and reproducible protocol for induction of adventitious shoot buds and plant regeneration from leaf-disc cultures of Jatropha curcas L. has been developed and might find use in mass production of true-to-type plants and in production of transgenic plants through Agrobacterium/biolistic-mediated transformation.
Abstract: A simple, high-frequency and reproducible protocol for induction of adventitious shoot buds and plant regeneration from leaf-disc cultures of Jatropha curcas L. has been developed. Adventitious shoot buds were induced from very young leaf explants of in vitro germinated seedlings as well as mature field-grown plants cultured on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with thidiazuron (TDZ) (2.27 μM), 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) (2.22 μM) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0.49 μM). The presence of TDZ in the induction medium has greater influence on the induction of adventitious shoot buds, whereas BA in the absence of TDZ promoted callus induction rather than shoot buds. Induced shoot buds were multiplied and elongated into shoots following transfer to the MS medium supplemented with BA (4.44 μM), kinetin (Kn) (2.33 μM), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (1.43 μM), and gibberellic acid (GA3) (0.72 μM). Well-developed shoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with IBA (0.5 μM) after 30 days. Regenerated plants after 2 months of acclimatization were successfully transferred to the field without visible morphological variation. This protocol might find use in mass production of true-to-type plants and in production of transgenic plants through Agrobacterium/biolistic-mediated transformation.
138 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that nano silver had a good potential for removing of the bacterial contaminants in plant tissue culture procedures and further investigations on other plant species are needed to clarify the effectiveness of NS for the removal of bacterial contamination in tissue culture of other crops.
Abstract: Bacterial contamination is a serious problem in plant tissue culture procedures. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of nano silver (NS) to remove bacterial contaminants of valerian nodal explants. This experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement with four replications and each replicate with ten explants. Treatments involved NS at two stages (before and after surface sterilization along with control) with three rates (25, 50 and 100 mg l−1) at three times of soaking (30, 60 and 180 min). Explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 5 mg l−1 Kin and 0.1 mg l−1 NAA. Results showed that using 100 mg l−1 of NS solution after surface sterilization resulted in the highest percentage (89%) of disinfected explants. Nano silver solution did not affect the characters measured. On the basis of the data obtained in this experiment, it was concluded that NS had a good potential for removing of the bacterial contaminants in plant tissue culture procedures. As this is the first report on application of NS in in vitro culture techniques, further investigations on other plant species are needed to clarify the effectiveness of NS for the removal of bacterial contaminants in tissue culture of other crops.
100 citations
TL;DR: This is the first report on direct shoot regeneration from Stevia leaves and it was found that immature leaves of 0.6 to 1 cm were found to produce best response (93 %) with a highest number of 4.93 shoot buds per explant.
Abstract: Shoot buds were induced directly on either side of midrib from adaxial surface of immature leaf explants in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni five weeks after culturing in Murashige and Skoog’s nutrient medium supplemented with 8.88 µM of N
6-benzylaminopurine and kinetin ranging from 4.65 to 6.98 µM. Immature leaves of 0.6 to 1 cm were found to produce best response (93 %) with a highest number of 4.93 shoot buds per explant. For elongation of regenerated shoot buds, MS medium supplemented with 30 g dm−3 sucrose and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) ranging from 4.92 to 7.38 µM were found most suitable. The medium was further modified to suit bioreactor cultivation of regenerated shoots wherein the use of two-fold MS salts and 60 g dm−3 sucrose resulted in a high biomass yield of 50.68 g dm−3 (m/v) accounting for about 590 micro-cuttings in three weeks. Best rooting of micro-cuttings occurred in half strength MS medium supplemented with IBA ranging from 4.92 to 7.38 µM, 15 g dm−3 sucrose and gelled with 0.8 % agar. Rooted plants were successfully established in substrate containing sand, Vermicompost and garden soil in equal proportions and grown in greenhouse. This is the first report on direct shoot regeneration from Stevia leaves.
82 citations
TL;DR: This study indicates that A. brasilense Sp245 could be employed as a tool in plant biotechnology and protects plants against pathogen attacks, such as Rhizoctonia spp.
79 citations
TL;DR: The tissue culture of S. africana-lutea not only favoured rapid multiplication but was also characterized by seasonal in vitro flowering that was in synchrony with that of plants growing in the wild, making it highly attractive for implementation as an in vitro conservation strategy.
Abstract: An in vitro cultivation protocol was developed for S. africana-lutea a species threatened by over collection due to its importance as an aromatic medicinal plant in the Western Cape of South Africa. Adventitious shoot induction was most successful using hypocotyls as explants for propagation on Murashige and Skoog (Physiol Plant 15:473–497, 1962) medium supplemented with 4.4 μM BA only; 2.7 μM NAA and 4.4 μM BA; or 2.9 μM IAA and 9.3 μM kinetin respectively. For continuous subculture, IAA and BA (μM) at a ratio of 2.9:4.4 or 2.9:8.9 had the best regeneration potential producing approximately three plantlets per nodal explant. Plantlets had 4–5 nodes that could be utilized for the following subculture phase to induce axillary shoots. The tissue culture of S. africana-lutea not only favoured rapid multiplication but was also characterized by seasonal in vitro flowering that was in synchrony with that of plants growing in the wild. This propagation regime has the capacity for producing 2000–3000 plants from one shoot after 3 four-week long subculture cycles, making it highly attractive for implementation as an in vitro conservation strategy. The micropropagated plants were easily acclimatized (88%) within a month after rooting in vitro and planted ex vitro in a sand:soil:peat moss:vermiculite (1:1:1:1; v/v) mixture.
71 citations
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: A rapid propagation and acclimatization response of two different varieties of sugarcane (CP 77,400 and BL-4) was obtained in this study and 100% rooting response of In vitro regenerated shoots of both the varieties of Sugarcane within eight days of inoculation was obtained.
Abstract: A rapid propagation and acclimatization response of two different varieties of sugarcane (CP 77,400 and BL-4) was obtained in this study. The shoot apical meristem of different sizes was cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of BAP and kinetin either alone or in combination with each other or GA3. Best shoot formation response in CP 77,400 was obtained on MS medium containing 1.5mg/l BAP while in BL-4 the combination of 0.5 mg/l BAP with 0.25 mg/l Kinetin showed best shoot formation response from apical meristem. Meristem of 3.0 mm size proved to be the best size for micropropagation of sugarcane. Excellent multiplication response of In vitro formed shoots was obtained when the concentration of BAP was decreased to 1.0 mg/l in CP 77, 400 and 0.25 mg/l BAP & Kin in BL-4 (i.e. 0.25 mg/lBAP + 0.25 mg/l Kinetin. MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l NAA and 2.0 mg/l IBA showed 100% rooting response of In vitro regenerated shoots of both the varieties of sugarcane within eight days of inoculation. Best hardening response was obtained in Sand+ Soil + Peat (1:1:1) after three week of transplantation in glass house.
65 citations
TL;DR: A rapid and efficient method for the large-scale propagation of a highly valuable medicinal plant, Andrographis paniculata Nees, through in vitro culture of nodal explants obtained from 15-d-old aseptic seedling has been developed.
Abstract: A rapid and efficient method for the large-scale propagation of a highly valuable medicinal plant, Andrographis paniculata Nees, through in vitro culture of nodal explants obtained from 15-d-old aseptic seedling has been developed. High frequency direct shoot proliferation was induced in nodal explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Amongst the various cytokinins tested (BAP, kinetin, thidiazuron and 2-isopentyl adenine), BAP proved to be the most effective. The shoot forming capacity of the nodal explants was influenced by the BAP concentration (1–12.5 μM), and the optimal response was observed at 10 μM BAP, which induced an average of 34 shoots in 94% of the cultures within 4 wk. Significant differences were recorded in terms of average number of shoots per explant (8.6–34.1) among the different concentrations of BAP investigated. Concentrations of all cytokinins tested reach a level that can be considered above the optimum level, as marked by a reduced frequency of shoot proliferation. The multiple shoots obtained on various concentrations of BAP failed to elongate even after transfer to hormone-free MS medium. Elongation of the induced shoots was achieved on MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 μM GA3 within 2 wk. A proliferating shoot culture was established by repeatedly subculturing the original nodal explants on shoot multiplication medium after each harvest of the newly formed shoots. The explants retained their morphogenic potential even after three harvests. Therefore, in 90 d, about 60–70 shoots were obtained from a single nodal explant and the nodal explants from primary shoots further regenerated equivalent number of shoots, depicting their high frequency regeneration potential in A. paniculata. Rooting was best induced in 94% of shoots cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), within a wk. The plantlets were successfully transferred to soil after hardening with a 92% survival rate. The system is rapid: the initiation of shoot buds to the transplanting of regenerants to soil is completed in 8–9 wk.
TL;DR: The obtained result suggests that the lanthanoids can be used to effectively initiate rooting in the micropropagation and conservation of D. densiflorum.
Abstract: An efficient microprogation protocol has been developed for Dendrobiumdensiflorum Lindl. ex Wall., a traditional medicinal plant, through protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) from nodal stem segments using 6-benzylamino-purine (BAP) and the lanthanoid neodymium. The highest percentage of explants producing PLBs (72%), with an average of 15 PLBs per explant, was induced by culturing stem segments on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 5.0 mg l−1 BAP. The newly formed PLBs proliferated well on the basal MS medium and completely converted into shoots on MS medium containing 2.0 mg l−1 BAP. Shoots produced an average of 22 roots per plantlet when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg l−1 neodymium nitrate. Healthy plantlets with well-developed roots were successfully acclimatized. The obtained result suggests that the lanthanoids can be used to effectively initiate rooting in the micropropagation and conservation of D. densiflorum.
TL;DR: The observations question the fundamental principle of asepsis in plant tissue cultures and bring in new information on plant-endophtye association in vitro with implications in micropropagation, germplasm conservation, cell culture studies and molecular profiling.
Abstract: Exploring the source of quiescent bacteria in tissue-cultured bananas (Musa sp.) we demonstrate here through a combination of bacterial 16S rDNA-based molecular technique, light microscopy and cultivation-based approaches the ubiquitous presence of endophytic bacteria in the field shoots of different genotypes (Grand Naine, Robusta, Dwarf Cavendish, Ney Poovan and exotic accessions) and their widespread prevalence in apparently clean tissue cultures. A portion of field shoot-tips (10–60%) showed cultivable endophytes, especially during rainy season, yielding 102–105 colony forming units g−1 fresh tissue in ‘Grand Naine’, which overtly expressed on tissue culture medium as well. The rest showed no colony development on diverse bacteriological media but proved PCR+ve to bacterial primers indicating the presence of normally non-culturable organisms, which was endorsed by microscopic observations. Such endophytes gradually turned cultivable rendering all visibly clean cultures as quiescent bacteria-harboring after a few (2–4) to several (8–20) passages, resulting in as much as 1.7 × 105 – 4.0 × 107 colony forming units g−1 tissue of ‘Grand Naine’ after ten passages, yielding different organisms. This study has thus exposed the ubiquitous and intense association existing between endophytes and bananas, including their quiescent survival in suspension cultures. The effect due to quiescent bacteria in micropropagated stocks could not be generalized. The observations question the fundamental principle of asepsis in plant tissue cultures and bring in new information on plant-endophtye association in vitro with implications in micropropagation, germplasm conservation, cell culture studies and molecular profiling. The possible involvement of unsuspected endophytic bacteria in tissue-culture associated phenomena like habituation and epigenetic and somaclonal variations are discussed.
TL;DR: This work suggests that tissue-cultured plants develop antioxidant enzymatic protective system which determine the ability to survive in oxidative stress and up regulation of these enzymes would help to reduce the built up of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Abstract: Gerbera jamesonii H. Bolus ex Hook (Family: Asteraceae) has been successfully acclimatized from temperate to subtropical North Indian plains of Lucknow through in vitro propagation. Flower heads were collected from greenhouse, segmented into 4–16 pieces and cultured in Murashige and Skoog’s medium (MS) (Physiol Plant 15:472–497, 1962) supplemented with 2.87 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 8.88 μM N6-benzyladenine (BA) for shoot regeneration. Shoots were subcultured on growth regulator free MS medium. Apical shoot meristems from in vitro plantlets of gerbera were tested in MS medium with different combination of cytokinins [BA, kinetin, and thidiazuron (TDZ)] alongwith 2.68 μM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for shoot multiplication. The optimum results were obtained with 8.88 μM BA. Regenerated plants with well-established root system were transferred to pots containing soil and sand (1:1 v/v) and were kept in humidity chamber with 80–90% relative humidity for 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days before they were transferred to field (during October, 2005 to February, 2006). Survival percentage was higher when regenerated plantlets were kept under humidity chamber for 15 days. An attempt was made to obtain basic information on different biochemical changes during acclimatization process of in vitro raised plantlets. Increased lipid peroxidation and high H2O2 content in early stages of acclimatization process reflected a similar process of oxidative stress. Our work suggests that tissue-cultured plants develop antioxidant enzymatic protective system which determine the ability to survive in oxidative stress and up regulation of these enzymes would help to reduce the built up of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
TL;DR: In the present study, in vitro shoot proliferation was obtained by culturing single node segments in Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 3.69 µM 2-isopentyl adenine and 3% sucrose with a multiplication rate of 3.5.
Abstract: Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the Indian and British Pharmacopoeias and in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. The multiple uses of this species have increased its commercial demand, resulting in over-exploitation. Because of destructive harvesting, the natural population of A. racemosus is rapidly disappearing, and it is recognized as ‘vulnerable’ (Warner et al., Some important medicinal plants of the Western Ghats, India: a profile. International Development Research Centre, Artstock, New Delhi, India, 15 pp, 2001). The development of an efficient micropropagation protocol will play a significant role in meeting the requirements for commercial cultivation, thereby conserving the species in its natural habitat. In the present study, in vitro shoot proliferation was obtained by culturing single node segments in Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 3.69 µM 2-isopentyl adenine and 3% sucrose with a multiplication rate of 3.5. For proper root formation, the in vitro-formed shoot clusters were cultured on half strength (major salts reduced to half) MS medium with 1.61 µM 1-naphthalene acetic acid, 0.46 µM kinetin, 98.91 µM adenine sulfate, 500 mg/l malt extract, 198.25 µM phloroglucinol, and 3% sucrose. On this medium, 85% rooting was observed within 20 d. Following a simple hardening procedure involving sequential transfer of plants to a greenhouse, polyhouse, and shade net, the tissue-cultured plants were transferred to the field where the survival rate was 100%.
TL;DR: Results show that light quality and gelling agent had important effects on germination and plant growth, while 3.0 mg L −1 phloridzin had an important role on Germination as well as in root development.
TL;DR: The results indicated that the combination of MS medium and longitudinally bisected mature embryos showed the highest culture efficiency, whereas the pretreatment method had no significant effects on callus induction or plant regeneration.
Abstract: We have developed an efficient procedure for plant regeneration of elite wheat cultivars using mature embryos. Firstly, we established the optimal combination of basal media, inoculation method and pretreatment method using biostatistical methods. The results indicated that the combination of MS medium and longitudinally bisected mature embryos showed the highest culture efficiency, whereas the pretreatment method had no significant effects on callus induction or plant regeneration. A 70% primary callus induction rate was achieved on MS medium containing 2 mg/l 2,4-D for all tested cultivars. Primary calli were then transferred onto the subculture medium to initiate embryogenic calli. Supplementation of the subculture medium with the appropriate combination of phytohormones (2.0 mg/l 2,4-D, 0.5 mg/l BA and 0.1 mg/l NAA) significantly enhanced embryogenic callus production. The addition of AgNO 3 (10 mg/l) in regeneration medium promoted plant regeneration, whereas CuSO 4 stimulated root formation. The use of this protocol achieved successful plant regeneration in eight tested cultivars. The culture efficiency ranged from 15.3% to 36.8%, suggesting this regeneration system may be an effective alternative for wheat genetic transformation.
TL;DR: An efficient in vitro propagation and hardening procedure for obtaining plantlets from field grown culms of Bambusa tulda is described, which requires 45 days cycle for the in vitro clonal propagation and 80 days for acclimatized plantlet production.
TL;DR: In vitro shoot induction and plant regeneration from a mature apical meristem and nodal explants of the endangered medicinal shrub Vitex agnus-castus and up to 80% of the regenerated shoots were successfully established in soil in the greenhouse.
Abstract: This study describes in vitro shoot induction and plant regeneration from a mature apical meristem and nodal explants of the endangered medicinal shrub Vitex agnus-castus. Multiple shoots were induced directly from the axis of nodal and apical meristem explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 3% sucrose and different concentrations (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 mg/l) of 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP) in combination with Kinetin (Kin) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), both at 0.1 mg/l. BAP and Kinetin were used as supplements to MS basal medium, either individually or in combination with auxins. The optimal concentration of BAP for inducing bud break was found to be 2.0 mg/l when Kinetin was at 0.1 mg/l. Regeneration frequency was highest for both apical meristem and nodal explants (94.5% and 90.3%, respectively) when explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/l) and Kin (0.1 mg/l). A maximum of 7.7 ± 0.4 and 6.7 ± 0.2 shoots were obtained per explant for apical meristem and nodal explants, respectively. Regenerated shoots, transferred to MS medium supplemented with either 1.0 or 1.5 mg/l BAP combined with 0.1 mg/l GA3, showed maximum elongation of 6.7 ± 0.4 and 6.0 ± 1.3 cm in apical meristem and nodal explants, respectively. In vitro regenerated shoots transferred to half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l IBA induced 90.4% of the shoots to form roots after 30–35 d of culture. Up to 80% of the regenerated shoots were successfully established in soil in the greenhouse.
TL;DR: Results indicate that IAA and BA stimulated the regeneration process, and that colchicine produced explants with high potential for regeneration, being useful for improving the micropropagation of K. alvarezii.
Abstract: Tissue culture techniques were applied for micropropagation of the red alga Kappaphycus alvarezii in order to select the best strain and experimental system for in vitro culture. Five strains were tested: brown (BR), green (GR) and red (RD) tetrasporophytes, brown female gametophyte (BFG), and a strain originating from tetraspore germination (“Edison de Paula”, EP). The effects of three culture media were tested on callus formation, regeneration from explants and from callus in the three tetrasporophytic and EP strains: seawater enriched with half-strength of von Stosch’s (VS 50) and Guillard & Ryther’s (F/2 50) solutions, plus synthetic ASP 12-NTA medium, with or without gelling agent. Explants of the EP strain were treated with glycerol and the phytoregulators indole-3-acetic acid (IAA); 2,4-diclorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); and benzylaminopurine (BA), alone or in combination. The effects of colchicine (0.01%) during 24, 48, 72 hours and 14 days were analyzed in the BFG and EP strains. The EP strain showed the highest percentage of explants forming callus and regeneration from explants in VS 50, indicating its high potential for micropropagation in comparison to the other strains. Regeneration from callus was very rare. Treatments with glycerol and IAA:BA (5:1 mg L−1) stimulated the regeneration from explants. Significant differences were observed in the percentages of regeneration of EP strain explants treated with colchicine for 14 days. Our results indicate that IAA and BA stimulated the regeneration process, and that colchicine produced explants with high potential for regeneration, being useful for improving the micropropagation of K. alvarezii.
TL;DR: The tissue culture derived sugarcane var.
Abstract: The tissue culture derived sugarcane var. CoJ 64 plants attained better height, millable cane height and a greater number of live buds to conventionally raised plants. Further, the plants raised in vitro showed 13.2% increase in cane yield and 11.03% sugar recovery as compared to conventionally propagated sugarcane under parallel agronomic practices in the field, advocating suitability of seed cane programmed through tissue culture. Key words: Comparative studies, Field performance, Sugarcane, Micropropagation DOI = 10.3329/ptcb.v16i1.1102 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 16(1): 25-29, 2006 (June)
TL;DR: A rapid and efficient micropropagation system was developed for Psoralea corylifolia, an endangered, valuable medicinal plant, and achieved 100% rooting with hardening, and the rooted plants were successfully established in the field.
Abstract: A rapid and efficient micropropagation system was developed for Psoralea corylifolia, an endangered, valuable medicinal plant. Multiple shoot buds were obtained in half-strength liquid Phillips–Collins (L2) medium supplemented with 5 μM benzylaminopurine (BA) and 5 μM thidiazuron (TDZ) from apical bud explants of 1-week-old cultures. The shoot buds were subcultured on enriched solid L2 medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of BA, kinetin (KIN), 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP), TDZ, bavistin (BVN) and trimethoprim (TMP). Enriched solid L2 medium supplemented with 2 μM BA, 1 μM TDZ and 100 mg l−1 BVN were more effective in producing greater number of shoots per explant (85.2 ± 0.9 shoots/explant) after 4 weeks of culture. The regenerated shoots (40–50 mm in length) rooted and accompanied by hardening upon transfer to 50 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for 15 min and followed by planting in sterile soil mixture and vermiculate (3:1 v/v), with 50 ml of one-eight strength L2 basal salt solution devoid of sucrose and inositol, supplemented with 5 μM IBA and 100 mg l−1 BVN. The plants achieved 100% rooting with hardening. Subsequently the rooted plants were successfully established in the field. The survival percentage differed with seasonal variations. The concentration of psoralen was evaluated in different tissues of ex vitro and in vivo grown plants by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Psoralen content was increased in leaves (2.97%), roots (2.38%), stems (5.40%) and seeds (1.63%) of ex vitro plants than the in vivo plants. This system facilitates for commercial and rapid propagation of P. corylifolia for conservation strategies and phytomedicine production.
TL;DR: An efficient and reproducible procedure for the large scale propagation of Sterculia urens is described and the shoot forming capacity of seeds was influenced by the cytokinin type and concentration in the medium.
Abstract: An efficient and reproducible procedure for the large scale propagation of Sterculia urens is described. Direct shoot proliferation was induced in aseptic seed cultures of S. urens on MS medium (1962) supplemented with 5.0 M thidiazuron + 1.5 M GA3 + 0.1% ascorbic acid. The highest number of shoots (14.0) was formed within 8 weeks of seed culture without root formation on MS medium. Proliferating shoot cultures were established by repeatedly sub culturing mother seedlings (stumps) on fresh medium (MS + 2.5 M TDZ + 1.5 M GA3 + 0.1% ascorbic acid) after excising all newly formed shoots. The shoot forming capacity of seeds was influenced by the cytokinin type and concentration in the medium. Roots formed on excised shoots when they were transferred to quarter strength MS medium containing 9.80 M indole-3-butyric acid. Plantlets were finally transferred to the soil.
01 Jul 2008
TL;DR: In this article, a protocol for micropropagation of Pluchea lanceolata, an important medicinal herb, was developed for callus induction on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium, supplemented with NAA in combination with BAP.
Abstract: A protocol for micropropagation of Pluchea lanceolata, an important medicinal herb was developed. Leaf explants obtained from field grown plants when tested for callus induction on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium, supplemented with NAA in combination with BAP, produced the best callus. Maximum number of multiple shoots from the callus (26.6±0.67) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with BAP (1.0 mg/L) and Kn (1.0 mg/L). More or less uniform elongation of multiple shoots was obtained on MS medium with lower concentrations of cytokinins, i.e., BAP (0.25 mg/L) and Kn (0.5 mg/L). Further elongation and profuse rooting were achieved when the well-grown shoots were cultured on half strength MS medium supplemented with IBA (1.0 mg/L). The regenerated plantlets were hardened and established at 70% survival rate in pots. The bioactive secondary metabolite, quercetin, was isolated from callus tissues of different age groups and its identification and confirmation was carried out by the colour reaction, TLC behaviour, IR spectrum and HPLC techniques. Maximum quercetin content (0.23 mg/g dry wt of tissue) was obtained in 6-wk-old callus tissues.
TL;DR: The micropropagation protocol described here and the conditions to grow the plants through fertigation plus the application of GA 3 that induced changes in the phenotype may be used in commercial exploitations to regenerate 12,500 plantelts in average after 12 months of culture and produce healthy plants with better ornamental characteristics and higher commercial value.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In vitro propagation of Vitis offers opportunities for increasing plant material for cultivation and the highest callus induction was 80% from stem segments on 5 µM BA followed by leaf disk explants on NAA (1 µM).
Abstract: In vitro propagation of Vitis offers opportunities for increasing plant material for cultivation. Cultures were established and maintained in vitro on MS medium supplemented with BA (0, 5 and 10 µM) for shoot and NAA (0, 1, 5 and 10 µM) for callus induction. The best explant sterilization was achieved with 10% chlorox treatment either for 10 or 15 minutes. Oxidative browning was effectively controlled by three subcultures of explants on fresh media. Better shooting was observed on MS medium with 5 µM BA. Shoot proliferation (80%) was obtained by subculturing the micro cuttings on same media as used for shoot formation. Maximum rooting (80%) occurred on medium with 10 µM IBA. The highest callus induction was 80% from stem segments on 5 µM BA followed by leaf disk explants on NAA (1 µM). All callus cultures initiated aerial roots. Leaf disk explants (60%) developed embryoids on MS medium supplemented with NAA (2 mg/l).
TL;DR: In vitro regeneration from leaf, cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of six cultivars belonging to three species of Capsicum was achieved by direct organogenesis and the plantlets showed 90 % survival during transplantation.
Abstract: In vitro regeneration from leaf, cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of six cultivars belonging to three species of Capsicum was achieved by direct organogenesis. The cultivar Umorok showed the best response while Meiteimorok, Haomorok, Mashingkha and Uchithi showed intermediate response and the cultivar Chiengpi was the least responsive. Leaf and cotyledon explants regenerated more shoots than hypocotyl explants and the maximum number of shoots were produced on Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium containing 8.8 µM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) with 11.4 µM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Elongation of shoot buds derived from different explants was achieved on medium containing 2.8 µM IAA and the elongated shoots were rooted on medium containing 2.8 or 5.7 µM IAA and 2.4 or 4.9 µM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Four-week old rooted plantlets were hardened and transplanted to the soil. The plantlets showed 90 % survival during transplantation.
TL;DR: A simple micropropagation and a cost-effective cold storage protocol for alginate encapsulated vegetative (node) explants of mugwort was successfully developed for the germplasm preservation of this valuable medicinal plant.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Studies were carried out for rapid micropropagation of three sugarcane varieties i.e., HSF-240, CP-77-400 and CPF-237 for rapid multiplication on liquid Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2% sucrose, supplemented with BAP in combinations with GA3.
Abstract: Studies were carried out for rapid micropropagation of three sugarcane varieties i.e., HSF-240, CP-77-400 and CPF-237. Shoot tip was used as explant source. Shoot initiation from explant of all three varieties was achieved at 1 mg/l Kin and 0.1 mg/l GA3. For rapid multiplication the regenerated shoots were transferred on liquid Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2% sucrose, supplemented with BAP in combinations with GA3. Optimum multiplication was observed at 1 mg/l BAP in combination with 0.1 mg/l GA3 for variety HSF-240. Best response of multiplication for variety CP-77-400 was observed at 0.5 mg/l BAP with 0.1 mg/l GA3. Variety CPF-237 was multiplied at 1.0 mg/l BAP with 0.5 mg/l GA3. Rooting response was observed on half strength liquid MS medium with 6% sucrose containing different concentrations of IBA and NAA. The sugarcane plantlets were acclimatized in greenhouse.
TL;DR: Seed explants, Withania somnifera, Micropropagation, and Plant Tissue Cult.
Abstract: Key words: Seed explants, Withania somnifera , Micropropagation DOI = 10.3329/ptcb.v16i2.1112 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 16(2): 111-115, 2006 (December)