Showing papers on "Mixed-signal integrated circuit published in 1969"
TL;DR: This paper is a condensed survey of design principles that make use of the advantages offered in monolithic structures: close matching and tracking of parameters, control over component geometries, and the availability of a large number of active devices at little extra cost.
Abstract: The components available in integrated circuits are well known for their large tolerances and temperature coefficients. This paper is a condensed survey of design principles that make use of the advantages offered in monolithic structures: close matching and tracking of parameters, control over component geometries, and the availability of a large number of active devices at little extra cost. With these techniques it is, in many cases, possible to duplicate or even exceed the performance of discrete component linear circuits.
33 citations
TL;DR: A system-oriented approach to the design of inductorless tuned integrated circuits is described, which uses the phase-locked loop (PLL) techniques to obtain the desired tuning and interference-rejection characteristics.
Abstract: A system-oriented approach to the design of inductorless tuned integrated circuits is described. This design method uses the phase-locked loop (PLL) techniques to obtain the desired tuning and interference-rejection characteristics. The PLL approach does not require tight control of component tolerances, and offers a higher selectivity and frequency capability than the corresponding active-RC synthesis methods. In this paper, basic design parameters for phase-locked integrated circuits are given, and two separate design examples are described. First is a high- frequency (1 to 25 MHz) FM amplifier/detector, which forms a monolithic replacement for the IF strip and the detector sections of a conventional FM receiver or TV sound system. The second is an integrated FM multiplex receiver for multi-channel telemetry applications, which has the selectivity of a 6-pole bandpass filter and can be tuned by means of an external resistor or capacitor from a fraction of a cycle to over 300 kHz.
24 citations
Patent•
03 Dec 1969TL;DR: In this article, an INTEGRATED CIRCUIT COMPRISING a SEMICONDUCTOR EPITAXIAL LAYER HAVING two or more SEMIConductor cirCUIT ELEPAYMENTS SUCH AS A TRANSISTOR, DIODE, and RESISTO FORMED on one surface.
Abstract: AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT COMPRISING A SEMICONDUCTOR EPITAXIAL LAYER HAVING TWO OR MORE SEMICONDUCTOR CIRCUIT ELEPAYMENTS SUCH AS A TRANSISTOR, DIODE AND RESISTO FORMED ON ONE SURFACE THEREOF, AND A HIGH RESISTIVITY REGION FORMED BY IMPLANTATION OF IONS FROM THE SURFACE OF THE EPITAXIAL LAYER, THE SEMICONDUCTOR CIRCUIT ELEMENTS BEING ELECTRICALLY DIVIDED INTO A PLURALITY OF GROUPS BY THE HIGH RESISTIVITY REGION OF THE EPITAXIAL LAYER FORMED BY ION IMPLNTATION.
19 citations
TL;DR: Acceptable limits for mismatch between devices were derived based on circuit considerations and were related to process variables, and feasibility of the technology has been shown.
Abstract: The desirable characteristics of complementary MOS circuits are low standby power consumption, high speed, and high noise immunity. These require close control and matching of n- and p-channel transistor characteristics. Acceptable limits for mismatch between devices were derived based on circuit considerations and were related to process variables. Predicted performances were achieved using test circuits; feasibility of the technology has been shown. The reliability of fabricated test structures was evaluated.
17 citations
01 Jan 1969
TL;DR: A computer-aided topological layout of components and wiring in integrated circuits will be presented based on a new kind of graph which accounts for all technological restrictions, as well as possibilities.
Abstract: A computer-aided topological layout of components and wiring in integrated circuits will presented based on a new kind of graph which accounts for all technological restrictions, as well as possibilities.
12 citations
TL;DR: The method proposed uses a series approximation to a convolution integral solution that is equivalent to charge-control operation and higher order terms provide improved accuracy in terms of lumped elements of an equivalent circuit, but the real merit of the series form is its ready adaptability to computer- programmed node-branch circuits analysis.
Abstract: Solid-state devices have complex energy storage effects that complicate their transient operation. A frequently used method of analysis is that of charge control. This method relies upon quasi-static equilibrium and may have significant errors for high-speed operation. The method proposed uses a series approximation to a convolution integral solution. The first term of the series is equivalent to charge-control operation and higher order terms provide improved accuracy in terms of lumped elements of an equivalent circuit, but the real merit of the series form is its ready adaptability to computer- programmed node-branch circuits analysis.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe an electronic analog pulse storage unit that allows high-resolution pulse-height analysis of eight-parameter coincidence events by use of a single ADC.
7 citations
Patent•
24 Jan 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, an analog to digital converter is described having a differential analog input and a plurality of parallel digital outputs which includes a multiplicity of comparator circuits, each including a pair of emitter coupled transistors.
Abstract: An analog to digital converter is described having a differential analog input and a plurality of parallel digital outputs which includes a plurality of comparator circuits, each including a pair of emitter coupled transistors having a pair of inputs and a pair of outputs The inputs formed by the bases of one transistor in each of the comparator circuits are connected in sequence through a voltage divider to one input terminal of the converter and the outputs at the collectors of such one transistors are connected by internal logic in common with the outputs at the collectors of the other transistors in the next preceding comparator circuit so that only when both transistors are nonconducting is an output pulse transmitted to an output terminal of the converter The converter may have 10 parallel outputs and be used to provide a decimal readout for a 10position rotary switch by applying a stairstep voltage whose steps correspond to the positions of such switch, as the analog input signal of the converter
7 citations
Patent•
11 Dec 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a system for converting analog input signals into their digital output counterparts, and circuit constituents of the system which are particularly suitable for realization in monolithic semiconductor integrated circuit form, are presented.
Abstract: A system for converting analog input signals into their digital output counterparts, and circuit constituents of the system which are particularly suitable for realization in monolithic semiconductor integrated circuit form.
7 citations
TL;DR: A general approach to the modeling of linear integrated circuits for computer-aided analysis in the frequency domain through black boxes whose internal details are ignored and which are characterized only at their external terminals is presented.
Abstract: The paper presents a general approach to the modeling of linear integrated circuits for computer-aided analysis in the frequency domain. The modeling is done through black boxes whose internal details are ignored and which are characterized only at their external terminals. Lumped and distributed, ideal and experimentally characterized multiterminal devices can be handled. The mathematical characterization is the indefinite admittance matrix. The implementation of the methods discussed is very simple, since no topological matrices are required. The method lends itself to analyzing large circuits by tearing them and then reconnecting the pieces. The method has been implemented in a program entitled BELNAP. A transient counterpart BELTIP and a design program IMPROVE have been in use by designers at Bell Laboratories for some time. An example circuit is solved in detail in the paper using BELNAP.
01 Sep 1969
TL;DR: A logic circuit is described which employs interaction between two Gunn devices to achieve a symmetrical bimodal form of operation and the ease of interfacing this circuit with conventional solid-state circuits is reported.
Abstract: A logic circuit is described which employs interaction between two Gunn devices to achieve a symmetrical bimodal form of operation. Experimental results with a 2-GHz circuit indicate extremely high switching speed and an input sensitivity of less than a few hundred mV. The ease of interfacing this circuit with conventional solid-state circuits is also reported. The reduced interfacing problem suggests a wide variety of applications.
Patent•
05 May 196914 May 1969
TL;DR: The main task here is to find a set of test sequences which can detect the presence of any prescribed fault in the circuit, which will become formidable for large scale integrated arrays.
Abstract: To Determine Whether an integrated digital circuit is working properly, one may apply to the circuit a set of well-devised test sequences and compare the resultant outputs with the corresponding correct outputs. Any discrepancies indicate the presence of a fault. The main task here is to find a set of test sequences which can detect the presence of any prescribed fault in the circuit. This test generation problem will become formidable for large scale integrated arrays, since large number of logic circuits may be contained in an array with a limited number of exterior terminals.
01 Jan 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, an ADC with the following specifications has been designed and constructed: 8192 channels, amplitude range 0.05 to 10 V, positive, conversion time 12 μsec, max. integral linearity better than ± 2.5%.
Abstract: Abstract An ADC with the following specifications has been designed and constructed: 8192 channels, amplitude range 0.05 to 10 V, positive, conversion time 12 μsec, max. integral linearity better than ± 2.5 × 10 −4 , stability of channel-width 0.5%. In a modification of the linear capacitor discharge a coarse and a fine measurement is executed subsequently, combined of a fast discharge and an interpolation with a slow discharge. The address oscillator works at 20 MHz, the address register is advanced during the coarse measurement in steps of 64 channels and during the fine measurement channel by channel. The discharge current generators are switched in exact synchronism with the pulses of the address oscillator; a two-step-synchronizing circuit is used. Special circuits have been developed for the pulsestretcher, the current-generators, current-switches and the discriminator. The high degree of stability and linearity is achieved through the proper use of field-effect-transistors, linear integrated circuits and fast digital intergrated circuits (emitter-coupled logic). Details of the tests performed and the testing methods are given.
TL;DR: This paper is concerned with digital sub-systems comprising bistable flip-flops connected to a common source of clock-pulses, which is useful for the generation of periodic binary codes and sequences.
Abstract: This paper is concerned with digital sub-systems comprising bistable flip-flops connected to a common source of clock-pulses. This configuration, of which the feedback shift register is the most important special case, is useful for the generation of periodic binary codes and sequences. It is assumed that the building-blocks for these circuits are integrated J-K flip-flops and NAND gates, and design techniques appropriate for this situation are described.
18 Nov 1969
TL;DR: Computer simulation of electronic circuits and systems has become an increasingly important tool in circuit and system design to perform optimization and tolerance analysis of a circuit which requires many evaluations of the circuit with different sets of parameters.
Abstract: Computer simulation of electronic circuits and systems has become an increasingly important tool in circuit and system design. Such simulations enable one to:1. Eliminate the necessity of building many breadboard models in order to evaluate different design approaches.2. Analyze the performance of the circuit as a function of different parameters.3. Model semiconductor devices and integrated circuits so that intrinsic parameters become accessible.4. Perform optimization and tolerance analysis of a circuit which requires many evaluations of the circuit with different sets of parameters.
Patent•
17 Jul 1969TL;DR: In this article, a current distribution circuit suitable for use in a digital-to-analog converter in which digital signals are applied either directly or through a logic network to selected flip-flop stages such that the flips produce a number of output signals which individually represent a given increment of current.
Abstract: A current distribution circuit suitable for use in a digital-toanalog converter in which digital signals are applied either directly or through a logic network to selected flip-flop stages such that the flip-flops produce a number of output signals which individually represent a given increment of current. These current increments are made available to a resistive ladder type current metering circuit to produce the desired analog voltage.
17 Jun 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a rating system which compares the performance of different logic types as EMI sources is described, and a conclusion is made concerning the performance performance of digital logics as EI sources.
Abstract: Samples of the major types of integrated circuits were evaluated to determine their relative performance as electromagnetic interference (EMI) sources. A rating system which compares the performance of the different logic types as EMI sources is described in the paper, and a conclusion is made concerning the performance of digital logics as EMI sources.
TL;DR: The General Electric PA246 as mentioned in this paper is a monolithic power amplifier designed for consumer and industrial systems requiring up to 5W of audio power output in a stereo phonograph, tape, or FM system, a pair of PA246s give a stereo output of 10W continuous power (20W peak).
Abstract: A monolithic integrated circuit (commonly called an IC) is contained in one silicon chip; this is different from other forms of integrated circuits that are made up of discrete components on a common substrate (ie thick-film, thinfilm, hybrids, etc) An IC amplifier design has an advantage over discrete circuits in utilizing thermal feedback to stabilize the voltage and current quiescent bias conditions The small physical size of an IC inherently provides close thermal coupling between circuit elements that cannot be matched using discrete transistors and biasing components mounted on a common heatsink The author describes the General Electric PA246, a monolithic power amplifier designed for consumer and industrial systems requiring up to 5W of audio power output In a stereo phonograph, tape, or FM system, a pair of PA246s give a stereo output of 10W continuous power (20W peak)
TL;DR: A three-channel pulse generator is described which uses r.t.l. integrated circuits as the sole active devices and demonstrates the flexibility of some digital integrated circuits in non-digital applications.
Abstract: A three-channel pulse generator is described which uses r.t.l. integrated circuits as the sole active devices. Each output pulse has a width variable from 100 ns to 1 ?s and may be delayed by up to 2 ?s with respect to either a fixed synchronization pulse or an external trigger. The circuit as a whole demonstrates the flexibility of some digital integrated circuits in non-digital applications.
TL;DR: Many engineers, including people connected with integrated circuits, are not aware that glass is used in most present-day integrated circuits and that some of the earliest integrated-circuit concepts originated in the United Kingdom as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Many engineers, including people connected with integrated circuits, are not aware that glass is used in most present-day integrated circuits and that some of the earliest integrated-circuit concepts originated in the United Kingdom.
TL;DR: A digital integrated circuit computer that produces random foreperiods is described and also contained in the device is a precision digital interval timer.
Abstract: A digital integrated circuit computer that produces random (as opposed to pseudorandom) foreperiods is described. Also contained in the device is a precision digital interval timer.
TL;DR: Correlation units are intended as flexible building blocks of decision electronics in multicounter experiments and the design and performance of a 4-variable module are reported.
TL;DR: In this article, the basic characteristics of widely used types of bipolar digital integrated circuits are given and compared, and the importance of optimum system design is mentioned, with some miscellaneous properties of circuits that can affect the design.
TL;DR: In this article, the use of conventional elements of the integrated circuit TTL families is analyzed with regard to the problem of resolving time and operating frequency for nuclear physics experiments, and a low cost special purpose electronics seems to be realistic for multichannel on-line experiments.