Showing papers on "Neutrino detector published in 1979"
TL;DR: In this article, the production spectra of high-energy neutrinos from galactic cosmic-ray interactions with interstellar gas and extragalactic ultra-high-energy cosmic ray interactions with microwave blackbody photons are presented and discussed.
Abstract: Production spectra of high-energy neutrinos from galactic cosmic-ray interactions with interstellar gas and extragalactic ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray interactions with microwave blackbody photons are presented and discussed. These production processes involve the decay of charged pions and are thus related to the production of cosmic gamma rays from the decay of neutral pions. Estimates of the neutrino fluxes from various diffuse cosmic sources are then made, and the reasons for significant differences with previous estimates are discussed. Small predicted event rates for a DUMAND (deep underwater muon and neutrino detector) type detection system, combined with a possible significant flux of prompt neutrinos from the atmosphere above 50 TeV, may make the study of diffuse extraterrestrial neutrinos more difficult than previously thought.
250 citations
TL;DR: The current state of the solar neutrino problem is described in this article, and the predictions of solar models (standard and nonstandard) are reviewed with special emphasis on the uncertainties that exist in the calculations for each target.
Abstract: The current state of the solar neutrino problem is described. The predictions of solar models (standard and nonstandard) are reviewed. The neutrino absorption cross sections for all detectors of current interest are reviewed with special emphasis on the uncertainties that exist in the calculations for each target. A long-term program for neutrino spectroscopy of the solar interior is outlined. It is shown, in addition, that stellar collapses can be detected within the galaxy by the proposed solar neutrino detectors.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a tag-neutrino tagging scheme for high-energy neutrino experiments, in which the decay length is deliberately shortened, that is to (( beam dump ~> experiments).
Abstract: As it is well known, high-energy neutrino investigations are performed by using neutrino beams from ~ and K decays ( 7 : ~ , K ~ ) , that is by letting the pions and the kaons decay over a large distance (the so-called decay length). The possibility of using tagged-neutrino beams in high-energy experiments must have occurred to many people. In tagged-neutrino experiments it should be required that the observed event due to the interaction of the neutrino in the neutrino detector would properly coincide in time with the act of neutrino creation (~--~v, K ~ , K ~ e w : .... ). Of course, in tagged-neutrino experiments the properties of neutrino beams (type, direction and energy) will be much better known than in the experiments performed so far. The main difficulty in designing such a facility is that the effective neutrino source (which is also the source of the charged particles to be detected in coincidence with the neutrino event) has a length equal to the decay length (of the order of hundreds of metres). In spite of the difficulties it seems that sooner or later such facilities will be available at various high-energy accelerators. Naturally such a (( maximum ~) programme would provide an extremely useful facility. Since the main difficulty in designing a tagged-neutrino facility is connected with the (large) scale of the decay length involved, let us turn our attention to such neutrino experiments, in which the decay length is deliberately shortened, that is to (( beam dump ~> experiments. In such experiments direct neutrinos are looked for, that is neutrinos which are neither produced in pion nor in kaon decays. In the present note I am suggesting a relatively simple device, a sort of (~ minimum ~ neutrino tagging programme, which could be put to work without very serious difficulties in beam dump experiments. Direct neutrino experiments have been proposed (L2) a long time ago and were even performed at a very low level of sensitivity (s). At the Neutrino-75 Conference
15 citations
15 May 1979
TL;DR: A review of the merits of various new solar neutrino detectors that have been proposed is given in this article, where a summary of the results of the Brookhaven SUN experiment is given and discussed in relation to solar model calculations.
Abstract: A summary of the results of the Brookhaven solar neutrino experiment is given and discussed in relation to solar‐model calculations. A review is given of the merits of various new solar neutrino detectors that have been proposed.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, past and future experiments involving the detection of cosmic neutrinos are reviewed, and production mechanisms such as the gravitational collapse of massive stars are discussed, such as AIP.
Abstract: Past and future experiments involving the detection of cosmic neutrinos are reviewed. Production mechanisms, such as the gravitational collapse of massive stars, are discussed. (AIP)
6 citations
01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: The neutrino radiation from the sun can give direct information on the basic nuclear fusion processes that provide the solar energy as mentioned in this paper, and it is of great interest to know whether the lack of agreement between the measurements and theoretical expectation could possibly be explained by a secular variation in the rate of the fusion process.
Abstract: The neutrino radiation from the sun can give direct information on the basic nuclear fusion processes that provide the solar energy. Results are reported which have been obtained over the last seven years with the Brookhaven solar neutrino detector that depends upon the neutrino capture reaction, /sup 37/Cl(..nu..,e/sup -/)/sup 37/ Ar. These results do not agree with the predictions of the standard solar model. It is of great interest to know whether the lack of agreement between the measurements and theoretical expectation could possibly be explained by a secular variation in the rate of the fusion process. Two radiochemical neutrino detection techniques have been proposed previously that could in principle record the neutrino flux of the past. An analysis of the expected background processes for these experiments is given. These and other possible methods of recording the past solar neutrino luminosity are discussed in relation to variations expected from theoretical solar models. 2 figures, 6 tables, 36 references.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a calculation of the flux of ultra-high energy neutrinos from galactic neutron stars is presented, which is used to determine the number of point sources detectable at the sensitivity threshold of a proposed deep underwater muon and neutrino detector array.
Abstract: A calculation of the flux of ultra-high energy neutrinos from galactic neutron stars is presented. The calculation is used to determine the number of point sources detectable at the sensitivity threshold of a proposed deep underwater muon and neutrino detector array. The detector array would have a point source detection threshold of about 100 eV/sq cm-sec. Analysis of neutrino luminosities and the number of detectable sources suggests that the deep underwater detector may make a few discoveries. In particular, a suspected neutron star in the Cyg X-3 source seems a promising target for the deep underwater array.
5 citations
TL;DR: For several summers, a group of physicists, astrophysicists and oceanographers interested in using the oceans to detect ultrahigh energy cosmic-ray neutrinos have been meeting to exchange ideas as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: For several summers, a group of physicists, astrophysicists and oceanographers interested in using the oceans to detect ultrahigh‐energy cosmic‐ray neutrinos have been meeting to exchange ideas. Their interest arises because clean seawater could provide the massive detector needed to observe low fluxes of weakly interacting, deeply penetrating neutrinos (PHYSICS TODAY, April 1976, page 18). The detector volume, about one cubic kilometer, located 5 km or so underwater, would avoid gross interference from ordinary cosmic rays. Organized as DUMAND (Deep Underseas Muon and Neutrino Detector), the group has been formulating the questions that would need to be answered in any feasibility study of the project. The most recent workshop took place 24 July–1 September at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, with about 90 participants from the US, the Federal Republic of Germany, Japan and the Soviet Union.
3 citations
1 citations
01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: In this paper, the construction and testing of the 340 ton flash chamber -proportional tube chamber neutrino detector is in progress, with 240 tons of the calorimeter being constructed, 320 of the required 600 flash chambers debugged and are operational, and 15 of the 37 proportional planes are working.
Abstract: The construction and testing of the 340 ton flash chamber - proportional tube chamber neutrino detector is in progress. To date, 240 tons of the calorimeter are constructed, 320 of the required 600 flash chambers are debugged and are operational, and 15 of the 37 proportional planes are working. Neutrino events in the Fermilab quadrupole triplet beam have been recorded. A calibration of the energy and angle resolution of the calorimeter has been performed. The construction of the remaining 100 tons of the detector is in progress.
15 May 1979
TL;DR: The Homestake long-range neutrino detector as discussed by the authors has been used to search for high-energy neutrinos from localized astronomical sources and investigate possible vacuum or matter oscillations of cosmic-ray neutrines as they traverse the earth.
Abstract: The research program of the Homestake long‐range neutrino detector is described. The main elements of this program are to look for νe and ?e bursts from the gravitational collapes of massive stars, search for high‐energy neutrinos from localized astronomical sources, investigate possible vacuum or matter oscillations of cosmic‐ray neutrinos as they traverse the earth, and serve as a potential target for directed beams of neutrinos from high‐energy particle accelerators.