Showing papers on "Organizational commitment published in 1979"
TL;DR: The Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) as discussed by the authors ) is a measure of employee commitment to work organizations, developed by Porter and his colleagues, which is based on a series of studies among 2563 employees in nine divergent organizations.
8,144 citations
TL;DR: An overview of the longitudinal-processual theory of organizational formation can be found in this article, with a focus on the factors and elements of an organization's creation and formation rather than its existent structures or practices.
Abstract: The article presents an overview of the longitudinal-processual theory of organizational formation. The ideological underpinnings of the method are described, highlighting its central focus on the factors and elements of an organization's creation and formation rather than its existent structures or practices. Speculative discussion is given regarding the processes involved in organizational culture, based off of an empirical school administration case study. Additional topics discussed include the influence of "dramatic" events which broadly change the social structure of the environment, the influence of social entrepreneurs, and the specific definition of organizational culture as an entity.
2,390 citations
Journal Article•
745 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: The School as a Bureaucratic Organization as mentioned in this paper is a well-known example of organizational behavior in schools, and it has been studied extensively in the field of organizational learning and organizational communication.
Abstract: 1. Organizational Behavior in Schools. 2. The School as a Bureaucratic Organization. 3. Schools as Sociopolitical Systems. 4. The Professional-Bureaucratic Interface. 5. Open System Theory and Schools. 6. Contingency Theory. 7. Organizational Leadership and the School Administrator. 8. Motivation and Management. 9. Organizational Communication. 10. Educational Marketing and the Public Schools. 11. Conflict and Stress in Education. 12. Organizational Learning, Institutional Theory and Reform. 13. Educational Change.
453 citations
335 citations
TL;DR: The medical and psychological literature pertaining to personal and organizational strategies for handling job stress is reviewed in this article, where the paucity of research in this domain is emphasized as is the lack of involvement by industrial/organizational psychologists.
Abstract: The medical and psychological literature pertaining to personal and organizational strategies for handling Job stress is reviewed The paucity of research in this domain is emphasized as is the lack of involvement by industrial/organizational psychologists Many strategies for managing job stress exist but their effectiveness has not been evaluated It is important that such strategies receive the immediate, scientific attention of I/O psychologists Issues that must be faced before significant progress can be achieved are discussed
248 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the relationship between the attitudinal dimensions that characterize professionalism and several organizational outcomes in the employment of professionals, and found that professionals tend to be more attitudinal than others.
Abstract: The article investigates the relationship between the attitudinal dimensions that characterize professionalism and several organizational outcomes in the employment of professionals. The study exam...
244 citations
TL;DR: Employee job satisfaction and perceptions of equitable treatment are compared as separate variables relating to absence and turnover to examine the association of the two constructs in a field setting.
211 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined relationships among instrumental, supportive, and participative leader behaviors, task variability and task interdependence, and job satisfaction and organizational commitment in a police command bureaucracy.
Abstract: March l1979,volume 24 Relationships among instrumental, supportive, and participative leader behaviors, task variability and task interdependence, and job satisfaction and organizational commitment were examined in a police command bureaucracy. One hundred fifty-eight police officers were surveyed during normal working hours using a short questionnaire. The general pattern of results contradicts conventional wisdom about effective supervisory behavior among police commanders. The quasi-military model (characterized by impersonal, highly directive, authoritarian leadership, and routinized tasks) received little support from any subgrouping analysis using subordinates' job satisfaction and organizational commitment as criteria. Instead, leader participativeness and task variability emerged as the most significant predictors of subordinate outcomes. Expanded hypotheses derived from an important situational leadership theory, House's Path Goal Theory, were also tested. Generally, earlier research was supported, confirming the importance of task demands as determinants of leadership effectiveness. Context was further investigated by contrasting temporallybased task, organizational, and subcultural factors. The implications of this study for understanding the work behavior and social role of urban policemen are discussed.
203 citations
195 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors build on the literature dealing with school configurations, interpersonal processes, and performance indicators, and suggest that more effective schools, a more effective school, a...
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to build on the literature dealing with school configurations, interpersonal processes, and performance indicators. The findings suggest that more effective schools, a...
TL;DR: An equity exchange model for organizational involvement is proposed in this article, which integrates several aspects of the literature including Adams' equity theory and Etzioni's typology of organizational involvements.
Abstract: An equity-exchange model for organizational involvement is proposed, based upon the earlier models of Barnard and March and Simon. The model integrates several aspects of the literature including Adams' equity theory and Etzioni's typology of organizational involvements.
TL;DR: In this paper, a role perception transactional process model for organizational communication is presented to understand and predict the relationships among organizational communications and employee satisfaction and performance, and the results supported the hypothesized reciprocal relationships among these variables and the intervening effect of role perceptions.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of holding goal difficulty constant on assigned and participatively set goals were examined, and several experiments regarding employee goal acceptance and commitment were discussed, as well as the effect of goal difficulty on commitment and goal acceptance.
Abstract: This article examines the effects of holding goal difficulty constant on assigned and participatively set goals. Several experiments regarding employee goal acceptance and commitment were discussed...
TL;DR: The growing psychoanalytic knowledge about the crucial importance of internal, in contrast to external, object relations, and about the mutual relationships of regression in individuals and in groups constitutes an important practical tool for the selection of leaders.
Abstract: The choice of good leaders is a major task for all organizations. Inforamtion regarding the prospective administrator's personality should complement questions regarding his previous experience, his general conceptual skills, his technical knowledge, and the specific skills in the area for which he is being selected. The growing psychoanalytic knowledge about the crucial importance of internal, in contrast to external, object relations, and about the mutual relationships of regression in individuals and in groups, constitutes an important practical tool for the selection of leaders.
TL;DR: The trend toward ever larger units of school production continues in the absence of persuasive analyses that the movement has achieved the objectives held either by its past or present advocates as mentioned in this paper, despite evidence that it may have produced few, if any cost savings or educational gains, and may have damaged citizen allegiance to and lay control over public schools.
Abstract: OVER THE LAST HALF CENTURY, THE school and school district consolidation movement in the United States has resulted in ever larger educational organizations. This metamorphosis was propelled historically by those who argued that larger schooling units would enhance economic efficiency and bring added educational benefits to students (Callahan, 1962; Tyack, 1974). Contemporary forces provide little prospect of dampening the movement's momentum. Enrollment declines and intensified fiscal pressures are frequently viewed as justification for closing and combining small and allegedly costly schools (Shapell et al., 1978). Also, present day education finance reformers sometimes propose school district consolidation as a means of achieving a more equitable geographic distribution of taxable resources (Pincus, 1974). The trend toward ever larger units of school \"production\" continues in the absence of persuasive analyses that the movement has achieved the objectives held either by its past or present advocates. Indeed, the trend persists despite evidence that it may have produced few, if any cost savings or educational gains, and may have damaged citizen allegiance to and lay control over public schools. Even in the face of diminished or stable enrollments, schooling in the United States is likely to remain a large and costly undertaking for decades to come. Similarly, regardless of scholarly findings concerning instructional effectiveness, the larger
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess the comparative influences of perceived role conflict and role ambiguity on psychological investments in work roles (organizational commitment and job involvement) and on work-related psychosomatic illness.
Book•
01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: The concept of organizational structure has been studied extensively in organizational theory as discussed by the authors, with the focus on the effects of leadership on organizational structure and the process of bureaucratization, as well as on organizational domains.
Abstract: Preface Introduction 1. Issues in organizational theory 2. Organizational research 3. The concept of organizational structure 4. Some effects of leadership 5. Organizational domains 6. The process of bureaucratization 7. Implications Appendixes Notes Bibliography Index.
TL;DR: In this article, evidence on organizational hierarchy is reviewed and employed in the formulation of hypothesized relations between level in the managerial hierarchy and compensation judged appropriate for manageri... and they employ this evidence to evaluate the appropriateness of compensation for managers.
Abstract: Evidence on organizational hierarchy is reviewed and employed in the formulation of hypothesized relations between level in the managerial hierarchy and compensation judged appropriate for manageri...
01 Aug 1979
TL;DR: In this article, the authors empirically demonstrate the theoretical linkage between behavioral and attitudinal approaches to the study of commitment processes, and demonstrate that the theoretical connection between attitudinal and behavioral approaches can be demonstrated empirically.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to empirically demonstrate the theoretical linkage between behavioral and attitudinal approaches to the study of commitment processes. A longitudinal investigation of ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the relative importance of individual (personality and professional attitudes) versus organizational (professional reward system and tenure) variables in predicting job satisfaction and turnover was investigated for the case of professionals.
Book•
01 Jan 1979
Book•
01 Jan 1979