Showing papers on "Selection (genetic algorithm) published in 1969"
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an efficiency analysis of choices involving risk in portfolio selection, and present a necessary and sufficient condition of efficiency for the optimal efficiency criterion in the presence of general risk aversion, and the conditions under which the mean-variance criterion is a valid efficiency criterion.
Abstract: Presents an efficiency analysis of choices involving risk in portfolio selection. Description of a necessary and sufficient condition of efficiency; Computations for the optimal efficiency criterion in the presence of general risk aversion; Analysis of the conditions under which the mean-variance criterion is a valid efficiency criterion. (Из Ebsco)
1,086 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, fashion: From Class Differentiation to Collective Selection, the authors present a collection of fashion magazines with a focus on collective selection of clothing items, including clothes and accessories.
Abstract: (1969). Fashion: From Class Differentiation to Collective Selection. The Sociological Quarterly: Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 275-291.
616 citations
368 citations
291 citations
246 citations
146 citations
130 citations
01 Jan 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a mathematical theory for finding resources in the field of game development, focusing on the advantages of minimizing the probability of RUINING the game field.
Abstract: The following sections are included:INTRODUCTIONPART I. FAVORABLE GAMESBLACKJACKBACCARATROULETTETHE WHEEL OF FORTUNETHE STOCK MARKETPART II. A MATHEMATICAL THEORY FOR COMMITTING RESOURCES IN FAVORABLE GAMESINTRODUCTION: COIN TOSSINGMINIMIZING THE PROBABILITY OF RUINTHE KELLY CRITERIONTHE ADVANTAGES OF MAXIMIZING E LOG XnA STOCK MARKET EXAMPLEWARRANT HEDGINGPORTFOLIO SELECTION USING E LOG XTHE KELLY CRITERION AND DEFICIENCIES IN THE MARKOWITZ THEORY OF PORTFOLIO SELECTIONREFERENCES
121 citations
TL;DR: Index theory is applied to selection methods which use individuals or ran-domly associated groups of individuals as basic units of selection and an index is developed which combines "direct" and "associate" phenotypic values in such a way as to invariably ensure a maximum, non-negative change in the population mean.
Abstract: Index theory is applied to selection methods which use individuals or ran-domly associated groups of individuals as basic units of selection. An index is developed which combines "direct" and "associate" phenotypic values in such a way as to invariably ensure a maximum, non-negative change in the population mean. The theory is applicable to populations of groups in each of which individuals may interact in any arbitrary manner, whether such interaction be cooperative or competitive in nature.
104 citations
77 citations
TL;DR: The relaxation of selection resulted in convergence almost as rapid as was the divergence under selection, and the average phototactic and geotactic neutrality of natural populations is an adaptive trait protected by genetic homeostasis.
Abstract: In an attempt to elucidate the genetic architecture of two behavioral traits, populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura were selected for positive and for negative phototaxis and geotaxis. The selected populations diverged rapidly in their behavior (Figs. 1 and 2). The selection was relaxed after 20 generations in the phototactic, and after 30 generations in the geotactic populations. The relaxation resulted in convergence almost as rapid as was the divergence under selection. The average phototactic and geotactic neutrality of natural populations is an adaptive trait protected by genetic homeostasis. This does not preclude rapid responses to artificial, and presumably to natural, selection.
TL;DR: Conflict between the ideas of natural selection and the idea of the uniqueness of the gene does not seem too near to a solution yet.
Abstract: Conflict between the idea of natural selection and the idea of the uniqueness of the gene does not seem too near to a solution yet.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine some aspects of the portfolio selection problem when the no-easy-money condition holds and the investor is constrained to stay solvent, and the possible presence of a non-capital income is also taken into consideration.
Abstract: This article examines some aspects of the portfolio selection problem when the “no-easy-money-condition” holds and the investor is constrained to stay solvent. The possible presence of a non-capital income is also taken into consideration.
TL;DR: In this article, a simple expression relating the standardized selection differential (i) to the intensity of selection (p) is given byi≈0·8+0·41 ln (R−1)where R equals 1/p.
Abstract: A simple expression relating the standardized selection differential (i) to the intensity of selection (p) is given byi≏0·8+0·41 ln (R−1)where R equals 1/p. This linear expression may allow simpler solutions to some optimization problems in selection than does the conventional formula for selection differential on truncation of the normal curve.Using the expression, formulae for the maximum immediate response and optimum selection intensity in mass selection have been developed, taking account of the loss in performance through inbreeding. These formulae were used to study the effect on response of the total number of animals tested. The maximum response over a specified period of time, allowing for the loss in genetic variance from inbreeding, has also been considered. The optimum intensity of selection may then be well below that necessary for the maximum immediate response.
01 Mar 1969
Journal Article•
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The authors concluded that the production of eggs and semen characteristics in the males of the high fecundity line exhibited earlier sexual maturity, larger testes weights, better semen quality and greater fertilizing capacity than the males from the low fecundITY line.
TL;DR: Kimura (1960) developed his theory of the optimum mutation rate, where the term "substitutional load" represents the genotypic selection intensity, and the theory was reexamined and also the effect of slowly changing environment on the substitutional load was investigated.
Abstract: THE problem of assessing the genotypic selection intensity that accompanies the process of substituting one allele for another in adaptive evolution was first attacked by Haldane (1957), who used the term \"cost of natural selection\" in describing the amount of selective elimination in the process. Based on a deterministic treatment, he obtained elegant formulae showing that the sum of the fractions of selective deaths is almost independent of the selection coefficient but depends on the initial frequency of the allele used for the substitution. Later, more exact expressions were derived by Haldane (1960), especially to cope with the cases in which the selection coefficient is not small. On the basis of Haldane's theory Kimura (1960) developed his theory of the optimum mutation rate, where the term \"substitutional load\" represents the genotypic selection intensity. Later, the theory was reexamined and also the effect of slowly changing environment on the substitutional load was investigated (Kimura, 1967). The above treatments are all deterministic in that the random fluctuation of gene frequencies due to random sampling of gametes is disregarded. However, the actual populations are all finite, and, as will be shown in what follows, random sampling of gametes has a very significant effect on the substitutional load. In the present paper, the senior author (M. K.) is responsible for the theoretical treatments and also for the simulation studies on the haploid population, while the junior author (T. M.) is responsible for the simulation studies on the diploid population.
TL;DR: Designs are described that enable measuring direct and indirect response to selection from measurements on progeny of successive bull groups that are applicable to other species despite possible maternal effects, but assume that selection is continuously in one direction.
TL;DR: In this paper, the task consisted in the selection of appropriate instances either to prove, or to disprove, a given disjunctive rule when the first component of the rule was negated.
Abstract: This experiment was designed to determine whether individuals reason correctly about disjunctive rules. The task consisted in the selection of appropriate instances either to prove, or to disprove, a given disjunctive rule. When the first component of the rule was negated, i.e. when the rule was logically equivalent to implication (p v q), the selection of appropriate instances was significantly more difficult than when the first component was not negated. The majority of subjects, however, revealed patterns of reasoning which were unstable and labile. The results are discussed in relation to those of previous experiments in which subjects had to reason about conditional sentences.