Showing papers on "Stigmasterol published in 1983"

Triterpene alcohols, methylsterols, sterols, and fatty acids in five Malagasy legume seed oils

Abstract: This paper reports a study of the chemical composition of the neutral lipids which form 0.8-46.7% of five legumes (Arachis hypogea, Voandzei subterranea, Phaseolus lunatus, Lens esculentus, and Vigna sinensis). Fatty acid profiles revealed that the major acids were palmitic (13.9-31.5%) linoleic (30.9-46.4%), and oleic (5.5-40.0%). Unsaponifiable matter (1.09-3.67%) ,was examined for sterol, 4a-methyl sterol, and triterpene alcohol fractions. @-Sitosterol was the prominent component in four legumes (39.8-79.7%), while stigmasterol (41.7%) was the major component in V. sinensis. Campesterol, stigmasterol, and A5-avenasterol were detected in all samples. Among the 4a-methyl sterol fractions, obtusifoliol (9.5-39.5%), gramisterol (14.7-58.7%), and citrostadienol (8.1-47.6%) were the main components. Cycloartanol (3.0-26.4%), butyrospermol (1.4-59.1%), cycloartenol (1.4-22.4%), 24methylenecycloartano1(0.8-42%), and cyclobranol(1.0-14.4%) were the main compounds of the triterpene alcohol fractions. Leguminous seeds make an important contribution to the diet in many tropical countries. They are used as vegetables and are a good source of protein, lipid, and fatty acids for human nutrition. The fatty acid composition of the endogenous fats plays an important role in determining shelf life, nutrition, and flavor of food products. Although some values have already been presented on numerous foods (Brignoli et al., 1976) and legumes (Exler et al., 1977), data for some tropical vegetable legumes are rarely given. The nature of some Indian legume lipids was investigated by Mahadevappa and Raina (1978). Busson and Bergeret (1958) and Doku et al. (1978) have studied the chemical composition of Voandzei subterranea. A number of some tropical vegetable and subtropical vegetable oils have been analyzed for their unsaponifiable fractions, particularly sterols and methyl sterols. It was shown that campesterol, stigmasterol, @-sitosterol, A5-avenasterol, and Abtigmastenol were common constituents, @-sitosterol being the most prominent in the sterol fraction (Itoh et al., 1974a). Four sterol-containing lipid fractions were isolated from the chloroform-methanol-extracted lipids of cowpea (Vigna uguiculata) by Mahadevappa and Raina (1981). Generally 4a-methyl sterols are minor constituents of the unsaponifiable fractions and their separation from unsaponifiable matter is quite difficult. In common vegetable oils, 4a-methyl sterols were studied by Sawicki and Mordret (1970), Itoh et al. (1974b), and Jeong et al. (1975). Among the important legumes consumed in Madagascar, five of them are used commonly in this country. They are Arachis hypogea (var. Valencia), V. subterranea (or Glycine subterranea), Phaseolus lunatus (var. Inamoenus), Lens esculentus, and Vigna sinensis. Soybeans are becoming an important industrial legume for oil and protein production but are not, at this time, used very much by the population for human nutrition. This paper presents results on these five legumes consumed in Madagascar. This investigation was undertaken to obtain more information on the fatty acid composition

Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of an alcoholic extract of Teucrium polium L.

Abstract: In the Teucrium polium L. were identified, by gaschromatographic and spectroscopic techniques (1H-NMR and MS), beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, brassicasterol and clerosterol. In the aqueous phase of the alcoholic extract were identified glucose, fructose, raffinose and rhamnose by PC on Watmann paper Number 5. Anti-inflammatory activity was tested using male Wistar rats against carrageenin-induced paw oedema. All tested extract shown a sufficient pharmacological activity compared to that of indomethacine.

Fatty Acid and Sterol Compositions of Malagasy Tamarind Kernel Oils

Abstract: The oil contents of six samples of Malagasy tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) kernel were determined by hexane extraction (6.0–6.4%) and chloroform/methanol extraction (7.4-9.0%). The protein contents were very low (trace-0.1%). Investigation by gas liquid chromatography revealed 15 fatty acids, mainly palmitic (14–20%), stearic (6–7%), oleic (15–27%), linoleic (36–49%), arachidic (2–4%), behenic (3–5%) and lignoceric (3–8%) acids. Testing for the sterol fraction enabled seven sterols to be separated and quantitatively analyzed by gas liquid chromatography. The main sterols were β-sitosterol (66–72%), campesterol (16–19%) and stigmasterol (11–14%).

Studies on ether-soluble neutral compounds ofPeperomia pellucida

Abstract: From ether-soluble neutral fraction of the whole plant ofPeperomia pellucida (L) HBK (Piperaceae), 4,7-dimethoxy-5-(2-propenyl)-1, 3-benzodioxole or apiol, in a liquid state, 2,4,5,-trimethoxy styrene, mp 138°, and three phytosterols, campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, were isolated and characterized by spectral data.

Water hyacinth as a prospective source of stigmasterol

Abstract: Apres extraction et purification le contenu en stigmasterol represente 0,07% du poids sec chez Eichhornia crassipes, possibilite d'augmenter cette production de 10 fois par digestion anaerobie du materiel vegetal

Secondary Plant Substances. Aspects of Carotenoid Biosynthesis

Abstract: Most prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain steroids This type of structure is not only found in sterols but also in corresponding sapogenins, cardiac glycosides and alkaloids The sterols are preferably concentrated in the plasma membrane (GRUNWALD 1975; HARTMANN-BOUILLON and BENVENISTE 1978; NES and HEFTMANN 1981; HARTMANN et al 1985) but are also present in lower amounts in other membrane systems In fungi, the major sterol is ergosterol In higher plants, sitosterol (X) and stigmasterol (IX) is often constitute more than 80% of the total sterols The biological meaning of the bulky ethyl group at C-24 is still unknown but could be related to some specific characters of higher plant membranes, such as their high content in phospholipids with highly unsaturated fatty acids (MAZLIAK 1981)

Synthesis of (22r,23r)-28-homobrassinolide

Abstract: (22R, 23R)-28-Homobrassinolide (18), an analog of brassinolide (1), was synthesized from stigmasterol (3).