Showing papers on "System of systems engineering published in 2018"

The future of manufacturing systems engineering

Abstract: Manufacturing systems engineering will be greatly affected by advances in technology, including cheaper, ubiquitous sensors, increasing computational speeds, the ability to hold more data and move it faster, and artificial intelligence. This paper discusses the importance of human involvement in the field, especially the role of intuition. The issues examined are the purposes of manufacturing systems engineering; the importance of intuition, and more generally, the role that humans play in the design and operations of manufacturing systems; the effects of new systems-related technologies; how analytical models help the development of intuition; how the use of generic software without intuition can lead to trouble; how intuition is needed to determined what data, and how much of it, is needed for a given purpose. It also describes some successful applications of manufacturing systems research and proposes an organisational structure for manufacturing systems groups.

Performance Assessment in Complex Engineering Projects Using a System-of-Systems Framework

Abstract: In this paper, a system-of-systems (SoS) framework is proposed for bottom-up assessment of complex engineering projects. Two principles of SoS analysis (i.e., base-level abstraction and multilevel aggregation) are used to develop the proposed framework. At the base level, complex engineering projects are abstracted as various entities (i.e., human agents, resources, and information) whose attributes and interactions influence the dynamic behaviors of project systems. The performance of project systems at higher levels (i.e., activity level, process level, and project level) is then determined by aggregating entities at the levels below. Through the use of the proposed SoS framework, new dimensions of analysis for better understanding of the performance of engineering projects were explored. One application example of the proposed framework was demonstrated in a case study of a complex construction project. The findings highlight the capability of the proposed framework in providing a novel approach for bottom-up assessment of performance in engineering projects.

Discrete Event System Specification Framework for Self-Improving Healthcare Service Systems

Abstract: A healthcare service system (HSS) is made of humans and technology where for the foreseeable future, self-improvement will be primarily based on human understanding rather than machine learning. Therefore, for such a system to continually self-improve, it must provide the right data and models to support human decisions on selection of alternatives likely to improve the quality of its services. Our focus in this paper is to show how modeling and simulation (M&S) can help design service infrastructures that introduce coordination and bring into play the conditions for learning and continuous improvement. To do this, we discuss the application of the discrete event system specification (DEVS) formalism within system of systems engineering (SoSE) to develop coordination models for transactions that involve multiple disparate activities of component systems and that need to be selectively sequenced to implement patient-centered coordinated care interventions. We show how such coordination concepts provide a layer to support a proposed information technology for continuous improvement of healthcare as a learning collaborative system of systems (SoS).

A Requirements Engineering Perspective on Autonomic Systems Development

Abstract: CONTENTS 2.1 Introduction 19 2.2 Systems Analysis 20 2.3 Generic Requirements for Autonomic Systems 28 2.4 Conclusion 30 Acknowledgments 31 References 31Starting from the premise that all software could or, indeed, should be constructed as an autonomic system, this chapter examines the resulting implications for the identification of requirements for autonomic systems. The first section covers the systems analysis needed to understand and model the environment inwhich an autonomic systemwill be hosted. This is then followed by the consideration of a basic set of generic requirements for autonomic systems. Some research issues are identified and the discussion illustrated using aspects of the development of an autonomic cashpoint.

KEY-PROBLEM AND GOAL DRIVEN REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING - Which Complementarities for Manufacturing Information Systems?

Abstract: Business process modeling has emerged as an immensely popular purpose of conceptual modeling in practice. Research on business process modeling is based on diverse topics of research methods and covers a wide area including modeling techniques, methodologies, methods and tools, but increasingly also empirical studies related to success factors, complexity drivers, experience reports and success measures. This paper contributes to the related body of knowledge by providing a first consolidated annotated bibliography of process modeling with a focus on Information Systems-related research. The paper discusses the overall article extraction method and gives a snap shot of the current research trends, reporting on different publication outlets and of the rigor of the published work. Moreover, it provides a detailed analysis of the specific content of the papers. As such, it provides not only important references for researchers in this field, but also contributes to the design of a research agenda.

Specification and Design of Cyber Physical Systems Based on System of Systems Engineering Approach

Abstract: Cyber-physical Systems of Systems (CPSoS) are large complex systems where physical elements interact with and are controlled by a large number of distributed and net-worked computing elements and human users. A SoS is an integration of a finite number of constituent systems which are independent and operable, and which are networked together for a period of time to achieve a certain higher goal. In order to specify and model such kind of systems, we need develop specification and modeling methods which would be capable to encompass the systems of systems (SoS) specific properties of cyber physical systems. In this paper, we propose a new paradigm for specifying and modeling cyber physical systems based on system-of-systems approach. We propose an approach to support specification and modeling cyber physical systems based on systems of systems engineering by integrating AADL, Modelicalml and other modeling language. On the basis of the hierarchical concept of industrial CPS system, a hierarchical design scheme of industrial CPSoS system based on OPC UA heterogeneous data integration processing is proposed. This paper will also use AADL for modeling CPS on three levels: 1). robot on the unit level; 2) workshops of smart factory on the system level 3) intellectual factory on the SOS level. For the physical aspect of cyber physical system, this paper will propose a method to combine modelical, Simulink and AADL model to model a unit robot which can interaction with real environment.

A Principles Framework to Inform Defence SoSE Methodologies

Abstract: This paper is concerned with codifying the principles for successful system of systems engineering (SoSE) practice. The purpose of the codification is manifold but the initial focus is to support the design and utilization of system of systems engineering (SoSE) methodologies. The paper opens with a description of the problem context, defence capability engineering, and then moves on to describe an IDEF0 depiction of the inputs, controls and mechanisms needed to undertake a SoSE methodology design and utilization process; one of which is the set SoSE principles. Earlier work by the authors uncovered a substantial set of such principles and this paper concentrates on how to structure them to reduce the number needing consideration at any one time. The derivation of a three-layer framework designed to hold the principles follows. The framework comprises an articulation of the worldview which makes SoSE meaningful, the concepts that drive SoSE methodology design and use (descriptive heuristics) and implementation principles (prescriptive heuristics).The paper concludes with an outline of the content of the framework and suggestions for how it can be employed for its stated purpose.

A multi-objective optimization approach for analysing and architecting system of systems

Abstract: Electromobility is often associated with a limitation of the usual mobility. Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) try to reduce the drawbacks and to generate an added value by networking Electric Vehicles (EV) with other electric power systems. This corresponds to the concept of System of Systems (SoS). The characteristics of these are distinguished with the autonomy of the constituent systems, an evolutionary development and an emergent behavior of the SOS. Due to a high number of variants of constituent systems with different technical properties, the architecture process is a combinatorial optimization problem. Since traditional architecting methods are focused on stand-alone systems, they are not appropriate for developing those combinatorial SoS architectures. As a result, there is a need for a better architecting methodology, which reflects the SoS specific characteristics within the developing process. This paper presents a new methodology for searching, assessing and optimizing SoS architectures based on a genetic algorithm. The new methodology has been applied to a scenario of an energetic EV integration into a smart home environment.

Smart Manufacturing in a SoSE Perspective

Abstract: Smart and optimal manufacturing in Industry 4.0 aims to realize distributed networking manufacturing connecting the whole supply chain: suppliers, factories, distribution, and customers. Automatic sensing information via modern control technology makes possible to respond proactively to the demand change. System of systems engineering exploits mechanisms and expert knowledge that enables the decision-makers to understand the interaction of different systems according to different objectives (cost, quality, and lead time). The intelligence of smart manufacturing is possible when the systems of systems are properly designed. Attributes like collaborations, tensions, traceability, and cybersecurity should be considered to generate intelligent platforms. A key aspect is the design of control strategy.

Emergency Systems Modelling using a Security Engineering Process

Abstract: The engineering and development of complex security-sensitive systems is becoming increasingly difficult due to the need to address aspects like heterogeneity (of application domains, requirements, regulations, solutions, etc.), dynamism and runtime adaptation necessities, and the high demands for security and privacy of the users and agencies involved in scenarios where these systems work (natural disasters, accidents, terrorism, etc.). Moreover, security knowledge is highly domain-dependent and dynamic. These characteristics make the development of those systems hard because the amount of security knowledge required to dealing with such a huge variety of situations, which becomes way too large for a human. We propose in this paper a securityoriented engineering process that is especially useful for these systems. It makes security fit naturally in the systems by interleaving security into the initial architecture and system description. In particular, the proposed process provides means to identify and manage security properties in a consistent and intuitive manner. To illustrate our experience we use a real-world emergency response scenario. More concretely, we focus on the establishment of a secure ad-hoc wireless mesh communication, which is a key component in the domain of spontaneous broadband communication among crisis management vehicles.

A system of systems engineering perspective on IoT trustworthiness

Abstract: The Internet of Things essentially refers to a distributed system consisting of interconnected objects and computing resources that provide services to human or other systems. Systems of this nature already are embedded in Systems of Systems (SoS) like smart factories and smart cities. This paper explores succinctly the concept of trustworthiness and how it can be applied to IoT systems and systems of systems.

Data-driven Aspects of Engineering The Use of Operational Data in SoS Engineering: Chances and Challenges

Abstract: System of systems engineering moves towards the realization of smart systems. Information and its underlying data forms the backbone for such cyber-physical systems, especially within the application domains of the internet of things and of infrastructure systems of systems. Data therefore becomes a key component within system engineering. In this context, the rise of applied data science allows for novel uses of systems’ operational data for engineering purposes. We recognize several areas for which data-driven approaches yield promising results, but also identify challenges that render success difficult. These challenges, i.e., data sparsity, the skewness of statistical distributions w.r.t. relevant objects and the semantics of the context of systems, are in parts known to the data science community, but require an appropriate interpretation for engineering purposes. In our own work, we rely on existing domain knowledge to complement data driven aspects of system of systems engineering within a modelbased approach to address these and similar challenges.

Geospatial Geodetic Engineering Contributions to Specialty Engineering Activities or a dedicated Specialty Engineering Discipline on their own in System of Systems Engineering

Abstract: This article reflects the abundant uses and applications of geodetic and geospatial technologies (like GNSS & GPS; GIS; spatial reference systems; processing, analysis and visualization of geospatial data) in Systems of Systems. It briefly analyzes to what extent the Systems Engineering Specialty Activities listed by INCOSE and modeling and simulation may be supported by related subject matter expertise. In addition it discusses whether Geospatial and Geodetic Engineering should be considered as dedicated Specialty Engineering activities themselves within the frame of Systems Engineering.

Interface Data Modeling to Detect and Diagnose Intersystem Faults for Designing and Integrating System of Systems

Abstract: In system of systems engineering, system integrators are in charge of compatible and reliable interfaces between subsystems. This study explains a systematic solution to identify and diagnose interface faults during designing and integrating systems of systems. Because the systems targeted in this study are real underwater vessels, we first have anatomized 188 interface data transferred between 22 subsystems of them. Based on this, two interface data models are proposed, which include data sets regarding messages and inner fields and transition and decision functions for them. Specifically, a structure model at the message level evaluates how inner fields belong to a message, and a logic model at the field level assesses how each field is interpreted and if the interpreted value is understandable. The software that supports the modeling is implemented using the following concepts: (1) a model-view-viewmodel pattern for overall software design and (2) a computer network for representing sequential properties of field interpretations. The proposed modeling and software facilitate diagnostic decisions by checking the consistency between interface protocols and obtained real data. As a practical use, the proposed work was applied to an underwater shipbuilding project. Within 10 interfaces, 14 fault cases were identified and diagnosed. They were gradually resolved during the system design and integration phases, which formed the basis of successful submarine construction.

Supporting Active Ageing Interventions with Web and Mobile/Wearable Technologies and Using Microservice Oriented Architectures

Abstract: New solutions in the e-Health domain are been applied to address problems such as monitoring, user adaptation and context influence, particularly if the patients are older people. The social and economic burdens associated with age decline can be decreased by providing more holistic technological solutions. Our aim is to contribute to the integration of different aspects in the active ageing process (cognitive, physical and social) to achieve more complete evaluations and by performing more effective interventions in the elderly. To this end, in this research work we propose a technological solution based on microservices architectures, which has been validated in two different projects: cognitive training and frailty prevention. The solution involves a system of systems engineering, thus improving reusability, extensibility, and performance in the e-Health domain.

IAENG Transactions on Engineering Technologies: Special Issue of the World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science 2012

Abstract: This volume contains thirty revised and extended research articles written by prominent researchers participating in an international conference in engineering technologies and physical science and applications. The conference serves as good platforms for the engineering community to meet with each other and to exchange ideas. The conference has also struck a balance between theoretical and application development. The conference is truly international meeting with a high level of participation from many countries. Topics covered include chemical engineering, circuits, communications systems, control theory, engineering mathematics, systems engineering, manufacture engineering, and industrial applications. The book offers the state of art of tremendous advances in engineering technologies and physical science and applications, and also serves as an excellent reference work for researchers and graduate students working with/on engineering technologies and physical science and applications.

Computer Aided Engineering and Project Performance: Managing a Double-Edged Sword

Abstract: The authors review the results of field research conducted at two US electronics firms and recommend a strategy for employing computer-aided engineering tools which maximizes the benefits while avoiding of minimizing the pitfalls. It was found that computer tool use is correlated with less innovative work when used to support engineering analysis and problem solving, and with more innovative work when used to support engineering development. Suggested reasons for this dichotomy are twofold. Computer tools can make engineers much more efficient for certain types of tasks, allowing more time to be spent in innovative pursuits. However, much of this efficiency is achieved by cloning old solutions, which in turn encourages homogeneity, stifles innovation, and biases the engineer to use a convenient but suboptimal solution. Computer tools also tend to be highly focused, constraining the bandwidth of the problem-solving process to fit the capabilities of the computer tool. >

A Multi-Level Data-Centric Model of System of Systems Engineering

Abstract: System of systems is a concept describing a large scale system consisting of component systems that are spread across multiple hierarchical levels where for each level, a component system can have multiple structures. Establishing an engineering model for system of systems is essential for representing operational and managerial independence of component systems and their interactions leading to emergent and evolutionary development of system of systems with enhanced composite capabilities. This article contributes to system of systems modeling of physical component systems and organizational component systems. We propose a data-centric model for supervision of system of systems. A concrete example is discussed composed of two cooperating component systems, an unmanned aerial vehicle and an intelligent autonomous road vehicle, in which the unmanned aerial vehicle acts as an external global positioning system sensor that supplies redundant navigation information to the intelligent autonomous road vehicle, to be able to safely maneuver in a confined space.

Towards a Model-Based Method for Resilient Critical Infrastructure Engineering How to model Critical Infrastructures and evaluate its Resilience? : How to model Critical Infrastructures and evaluate its Resilience?

Abstract: This article introduces a tool-equipped method for modeling and simulating behaviors of a Critical Infrastructure (CI) considered here as System of Systems, then evaluating its resilience. The method is based on modelling concepts, languages and tools from Model Based System Engineering (MBSE), System of Systems Engineering (SoSE) and non-functional Properties management domains. It proposes an evaluation technique to evaluate nonfunctional properties, and particularly here considered resilience for which a metric is proposed. Simulation and evaluation are done by using a Multi Agent Systems (MAS).

Assessing Security Risk and Requirements for Systems of Systems

Abstract: A System of Systems (SoS) is a term used to describe independent systems converging for a purpose that could only be carried out through this interdependent collaboration. Many examples of SoSs exist, but the term has become a source of confusion across domains. Moreover, there are few illustrative SoS examples demonstrating their initial classification and structure. While there are many approaches for engineering of systems, less exist for SoS engineering. More specifically, there is a research gap towards approaches addressing SoS security risk assessment for engineering and operational needs, with a need for tool-support to assist modelling and visualising security risk and requirements in an interconnected SoS. From this, security requirements can provide a systematic means to identify constraints and related risks of the SoS, mitigated by human-user and system requirements. This work investigates specific challenges and current approaches for SoS security and risk, and aims to identify the alignment of SoS factors and concepts suitable for eliciting, analysing, validating risks with use of a tool-support for assessing security risk in the SoS context.