▪ Abstract Well-being is a complex construct that concerns optimal experience and functioning. Current research on well-being has been derived from two general perspectives: the hedonic approach, which focuses on happiness and defines well-being in terms of pleasure attainment and pain avoidance; and the eudaimonic approach, which focuses on meaning and self-realization and defines well-being in terms of the degree to which a person is fully functioning. These two views have given rise to different research foci and a body of knowledge that is in some areas divergent and in others complementary. New methodological developments concerning multilevel modeling and construct comparisons are also allowing researchers to formulate new questions for the field. This review considers research from both perspectives concerning the nature of well-being, its antecedents, and its stability across time and culture.

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On Happiness and Human Potentials: A Review of Research on Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(08)61690-6.pdf

Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.2307%2F3343168.pdf

Development as Freedom

A doubling in global food demand projected for the next 50 years poses huge challenges for the sustainability both of food production and of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Agriculturalists are the principal managers of global useable lands and will shape, perhaps irreversibly, the surface of the Earth in the coming decades. New incentives and policies for ensuring the sustainability of agriculture and ecosystem services will be crucial if we are to meet the demands of improving yields without compromising environmental integrity or public health.

/pdf/agricultural-sustainability-and-intensive-production-1h98l920tu.pdf

Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices

We review in detail a number of approaches that have been adopted to try and explain the remarkable observation of our accelerating universe. In particular we discuss the arguments for and recent progress made towards understanding the nature of dark energy. We review the observational evidence for the current accelerated expansion of the universe and present a number of dark energy models in addition to the conventional cosmological constant, paying particular attention to scalar field models such as quintessence, K-essence, tachyon, phantom and dilatonic models. The importance of cosmological scaling solutions is emphasized when studying the dynamical system of scalar fields including coupled dark energy. We study the evolution of cosmological perturbations allowing us to confront them with the observation of the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure and demonstrate how it is possible in principle to reconstruct the equation of state of dark energy by also using Supernovae Ia observational data. We also discuss in detail the nature of tracking solutions in cosmology, particle physics and braneworld models of dark energy, the nature of possible future singularities, the effect of higher order curvature terms to avoid a Big Rip singularity, and approaches to modifying gravity which leads to a late-time accelerated expansion without recourse to a new form of dark energy.

Dynamics of dark energy

Strategies of Entitlement Protection

Amartya Sen, the Nobel economist, explains why mortality should, or could, be an indicator of economic success. While mortality is not in itself an economic phenomenon, the influences that increase or reduce mortality often have distinctly economic causes. Consequently there is a prima facie reason for not dismissing mortality as a test of economic performance. He argues that mortality information can throw light on the nature of social inequalities, including gender bias and racial disparities; biases in economic arrangements are often most clearly seen through differential mortality information. He advises that we look beyond the standard statistics of incomes and earnings into the real information on deprivation and hardship.

Mortality as an Indicator of Economic Success and Failure

Between theory and history: on the identity of Hicks's economics Roberto Scazzieri and Stefano Zamagni Part I. The Intellectual Heritage of John Hicks: 1. Hicks on liberty Amartya Sen 2. An economist even greater than his high reputation Paul A. Samuelson 3. Hicks's 'conversion' - from J. R. to John Luigi L. Pasinetti and Ganpaolo Mariutti 4. Dear John, dear Ursula (Cambridge and LSE, 1935): 88 letters unearthed Maria Cristina Marcuzzo and Eleonora Sanfilippo 5. John Hicks and his publishers Andrew Schuller 6. Hicks in reviews, 1932-89: from 'The Theory of Wages' to 'A Market Theory of Money' Warren Young Part II. Markets: 7. John Hicks and the emptiness of general equilibrium theory Christopher J. Bliss 8. Hicks vs. Marx? On the theory of economic history Pierluigi Ciocca 9. Hicks's notion and use of fix-price and flex-price Marcello De Cecco 10. On the Hicksian definition of income in applied economic analysis Paolo Onofri and Anna Stagni Part III. Money: 11. Historical stylizations and monetary theory Alberto Quadrio Curzio and Roberto Scazzieri 12. Hicks: money, prices and credit management Omar Hamouda 13. Core, mantle and industry: a monetary perspective of Banks' capital standards Rainer Masera 14. A suggestion for simplifying the theory of asset prices Carlo D'Adda and Riccardo Cesari Part IV. Capital and dynamics: 15. 'Distribution and economic progress' after 70 years Robert M. Solow 16. Flexible saving and economic growth Mauro Baranzini 17. The economics of nonlinear cycles Piero Ferri 18. Perspective on a Hicksian non-linear theory of the trade cycle Kumaraswamy Vela Velupillai 19. Capital, growth and production disequilibria: on the employment consequences of new technologies Harald Hagemann 20. Capital and time Erich Streissler 21. Sequential analysis and out-of-equilibrium paths Mario Amendola and Jean-Luc Gaffard.

Markets, money and capital : Hicksian economics for the twenty-first century

The author examines "the place and role of quality of life in economic evaluation and welfare economics. That exercise certainly involves norms and judgments but it is also influenced by our reading of factual possibilities and it influences in its turn the nature of prescriptive possibilities we explore and the descriptive statements we choose to make. In this sense the topic is not confined to welfare economics and involves other branches of economics as well." This essay consists of two lectures the second of which examines how longevity life expectancy and gender- and race-determined mortality differences can contribute to our understanding of quality of life. (EXCERPT)

Quality of life and economic evaluation.

1 It is wonderful for me to have the opportunity of paying tribute to Kenneth Arrow, who is not only one of the greatest economists of our time, but also one of the finest thinkers of our era. That itself makes the occasion very special for me, but on top of that, it is marvellous that I have the company of Eric Maskin, with whom I used to teach a much enjoyable joint course on social choice theory at Harvard, until he deserted us for the Institute for Advanced Study. And it is very pleasing for me to have Joe Stiglitz as the participating chair of the meeting (having known Joe for many years, I could assure the audience that there was no danger of Joe being an aloof chair), and it is very good to know that Akeel Bilgrami's intellectual vision is behind the planning of this event. I am in admirable company, and I begin by expressing my appreciation of that, but most especially by thanking Ken Arrow himself, for making us all think in new lines, and personally for me, for being such a major influence on my own intellectual life. I shall be particularly concerned in this lecture with Arrow's path-breaking "impossibility theorem," for which Arrow managed to find, in line with his sunny temperament, a rather cheerful name: "General Possibility Theorem." This result, and with it the formulation of the demands of mathematical social choice theory, were real watersheds in the history of welfare economics as well as of voting theory and collective choice. The informational foundation of modern social choice theory relates to the basic democratic conviction that social judgments and public decisions must depend, in some

Amartya Sen

Papers

Strategies of Entitlement Protection

Mortality as an Indicator of Economic Success and Failure

Markets, money and capital : Hicksian economics for the twenty-first century

Quality of life and economic evaluation.

Arrow and the impossibility theorem