Showing papers by "Andrii V. Chumak published in 2017"

Magnonic crystals for data processing

Abstract: Magnons—the quanta of spin waves—propagating in magnetic materials with wavelengths at the nanometer-scale and carrying information in the form of an angular momentum, can be used as data carriers in next-generation, nano-sized low-loss information processing systems. In this respect, artificial magnetic materials with properties periodically varied in space, known as magnonic crystals, are especially promising for controlling and manipulating the magnon currents. In this article, different approaches for the realization of static, reconfigurable, and dynamic magnonic crystals are presented along with a variety of novel wave phenomena discovered in these crystals. Special attention is devoted to the utilization of magnonic crystals for processing of analog and digital information. Magnonic crystals for data processing 2

Magnonic crystals for data processing

Abstract: Magnons - the quanta of spin waves - propagating in magnetic materials with wavelengths at the nanometer-scale and carrying information in the form of an angular momentum, can be used as data carriers in next-generation, nano-sized low-loss information processing systems. In this respect, artificial magnetic materials with properties periodically varied in space, known as magnonic crystals, are especially promising for controlling and manipulating the magnon currents. In this article, different approaches for the realization of static, reconfigurable, and dynamic magnonic crystals are presented along with a variety of novel wave phenomena discovered in these crystals. Special attention is devoted to the utilization of magnonic crystals for processing of analog and digital information.

Experimental prototype of a spin-wave majority gate

Abstract: Featuring low heat dissipation, devices based on spin-wave logic gates promise to comply with increasing future requirements in information processing. In this work, we present the experimental realization of a majority gate based on the interference of spin waves in an Yttrium-Iron-Garnet-based waveguiding structure. This logic device features a three-input combiner with the logic information encoded in a phase of 0 or π of the input spin waves. We show that the phase of the output signal represents the majority of the three phase states of the spin waves in the three inputs. A switching time of about 10 ns in the prototype device provides evidence for the ability of sub-nanosecond data processing in future down-scaled devices.

Voltage-controlled nanoscale reconfigurable magnonic crystal

Abstract: A nanoscale reconfigurable magnonic crystal is designed using voltage-controlled perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) in ferromagnetic-dielectric heterostructures. A periodic array of gate metallic strips is placed on top of a MgO/Co structure in order to apply a periodic electric field and to modify the PMA in Co. It is numerically demonstrated that the introduction of PMA, which can be realized experimentally via applying a voltage, modifies the spin-wave propagation and leads to the formation of band gaps in the spin-wave spectrum. The band gaps can be controlled, i.e., it is possible to switch band gaps on and off within a few tens of nanoseconds. The width and the center frequency of the band gaps are defined by the applied voltage. Finally, it is shown that the introduction of PMA to selected, rather than to all gate strips allows for a predefined modification of the band-gap spectra. The proposed voltage-controlled reconfigurable magnonic crystal opens a way to low power consumption magnonic applications.

Bottleneck Accumulation of Hybrid Magnetoelastic Bosons.

Abstract: An ensemble of magnons, quanta of spin waves, can be prepared as a Bose gas of weakly interacting quasiparticles. Furthermore, the thermalization of the overpopulated magnon gas through magnon-magnon scattering processes, which conserve the number of particles, can lead to the formation of a Bose-Einstein condensate at the bottom of a spin-wave spectrum. However, magnon-phonon scattering can significantly modify this scenario and new quasiparticles are formed---magnetoelastic bosons. Our observations of a parametrically populated magnon gas in a single-crystal film of yttrium iron garnet by means of wave-vector-resolved Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy evidence a novel condensation phenomenon: A spontaneous accumulation of hybrid magnetoelastic bosonic quasiparticles at the intersection of the lowest magnon mode and a transversal acoustic wave.

Adiabatic Control of Spin-Wave Propagation using Magnetisation Gradients

Abstract: Spin waves are of large interest as data carriers for future logic devices. However, due to the strong anisotropic dispersion relation of dipolar spin-waves in in-plane magnetised films the realisation of two-dimensional information transport remains a challenge. Bending of the energy flow is prohibited since energy and momentum of spin waves cannot be conserved while changing the direction of wave propagation. Thus, non-linear or non-stationary mechanisms are usually employed. Here, we propose to use reconfigurable laser-induced magnetisation gradients to break the system's translational symmetry. The resulting changes in the magnetisation shift the dispersion relations locally and allow for operating with different spin-wave modes at the same frequency. Spin-wave momentum is first transformed via refraction at the edge of the magnetisation gradient region and then adiabatically modified inside it. Along these lines the spin-wave propagation direction can be controlled in a broad frequency range with high efficiency.

Magnonics: spin waves connecting charges, spins and photons

Abstract: Spin waves (SW) are the excitation of the spin system in a ferromagnetic condensed matter body. They are collective excitations of the electron system and, from a quasi-classical point of view, can be understood as a coherent precession of the electrons' spins. Analogous to photons, they are also referred to as magnons indicating their quasi-particle character. The collective nature of SWs is established by the short-range exchange interaction as well as the non-local magnetic dipolar interaction, resulting in coherence of SWs from mesoscopic to even macroscopic length scales. As one consequence of this collective interaction, SWs are "charge current free" and, therefore, less subject to dissipation caused by scattering with impurities on the atomic level. This is a clear advantage over diffusive transport in spintronics that not only uses the charge of an electron but also its spin degree of freedom. Any (spin) current naturally involves motion and, thus, scattering of electrons leading to excessive heating as well as losses. This renders SWs a promising alternative to electric (spin) currents for the transport of spin information - one of the grand challenges of condensed matter physics.

Temporal Evolution of Auto-Oscillations in an Yttrium-Iron-Garnet/Platinum Microdisk Driven by Pulsed Spin Hall Effect-Induced Spin-Transfer Torque

Abstract: The temporal evolution of pulsed spin Hall effect–spin transfer torque (SHE-STT) driven auto-oscillations in a yttrium iron garnet (YIG)–platinum (Pt) microdisk is studied experimentally using time-resolved Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy. The frequency of the auto-oscillations is different in the center when compared to the edge of the disk and is related to the simultaneous STT excitation of a bullet and a non-localized spin-wave mode. Furthermore, the magnetization precession intensity saturates on a time scale of 20 ns or longer, depending on the current density. For this reason, our findings suggest that a proper ratio between the current and the pulse duration is of crucial importance for future STT-based devices.

Spin waves for interconnect applications

Abstract: In this paper, we investigate spin wave propagation in scaled magnetic waveguides for magnetic interconnect applications. We show experimentally that spin waves can travel over several micrometers distance which potentially covers more than 80% of interconnects needed in a low-density parity-check design implemented in the CMOS 7 nm node. Furthermore, we demonstrate the existence of a unidirectional spin wave mode that can propagate in bent waveguides, enabling signal routing without changing the metal layer.