다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Statistical physics has proven to be a fruitful framework to describe phenomena outside the realm of traditional physics. Recent years have witnessed an attempt by physicists to study collective phenomena emerging from the interactions of individuals as elementary units in social structures. A wide list of topics are reviewed ranging from opinion and cultural and language dynamics to crowd behavior, hierarchy formation, human dynamics, and social spreading. The connections between these problems and other, more traditional, topics of statistical physics are highlighted. Comparison of model results with empirical data from social systems are also emphasized.

Statistical physics of social dynamics

We have studied the three quark system in a relativized version of the quark potential model with chromodynamics. With parameters consistent with those of an analogous study of meson spectroscopy we obtain a successful description of the spectrum of baryons. The model naturally explains the apparent absence of spin‐orbit interactions in baryons.

Baryons in a relativized quark model with chromodynamics

Monthly Notices is one of the three largest general primary astronomical research publications. It is an international journal, published by the Royal Astronomical Society. This article 1 describes its publication policy and practice.

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Classical nuclear theory deals with a many-body system of neutrons and protons interacting nonrelativistically through two-body potentials. It has, of course, long been realized that there must be corrections to this simple picture—for example, the meson exchange effects which preclude a simple interpretation of the magnetic moment of the deuteron in terms of d-state probability. Nevertheless, the availability of beams of pions, and the consequent ability to study the excitation of real isobars in nuclei, has been critical in the realization that for many problems one must develop a theoretical model which explicitly includes pion and isobar degrees of freedom (see, for example, the proceedings of recent topical conferences Cat+ 82, MT 80).

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Chiral Symmetry and the Bag Model: A New Starting Point for Nuclear Physics

The Nuclear EMC Effect

Introduction ELECTROMAGNETIC STRUCTURE OF THE NUCLEON Elastic Electron Scattering Electromagnetic Form Factors of the Nucleon Nucleon Resonances Compton Scattering WEAK PROBES OF NUCLEON STRUCTURE Matrix Elements of the Weak Currents The Axial Matrix Elements in Charged Current Neutrino Reactions Beta-Decay Myon Capture Near Threshold Pion Electroproduction Neutral Current Interactions DEEP-INELASTIC LEPTON SCATTERING ON THE NUCLEON The Parton Model Scaling Violations Sum Rules Neutrino Deep-Inelastic Scattering Experimental Results for Unpolarised Targets Spin Dependent Structure Functions Qualitative Understanding of Parton Distributions ELEMENTS OF QCD Basic Lagrangian Feynman Rules Renormalization The Renormalization Group Deep Inelastic Scattering: Parton Model Deep Inelastic Scattering within QCD ASPECTS OF NON-PERTUBATIVE QCD Symmetries, Currents and Anomalies Structure of the QCD Vacuum: Brief Survey QCD Sum Rules Lattice QCD and the Nucleon CHIRAL SYMMETRY AND NUCLEON STRUCTURE Chiral Effective Field Theory Baryon Masses and Sigma Terms Chiral Low Energy Theorems Summary: The Pion Cloud of the Nucleon MODELS OF THE NUCLEON Survey Non-relativistic Quark Models Soliton Models Bag Models Chiral Quark Models Chiral Solitons Final Remarks Appendix A: Notations and Conventions Appendix B: Cross Sections for Lepton and Photon Nucleon Scattering.

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/6/12/1041/pdf

The Structure of the Nucleon

https://cds.cern.ch/record/143987/files/198305217.pdf

Pionic corrections and the EMC enhancement of the sea in iron

A previously derived model in which a baryon is treated as a three-quark bag that is surrounded by a cloud of pions is used to compute the static properties of the nucleon. The only free parameter of the model is the bag radius which is fixed by a fit to pion-nucleon scattering in the (3,3)-resonance region to be about 0.8 fm. With the model so determined the computed values of the root-mean-square radii and magnetic moments of the neutron and proton, and ${g}_{A}$, are all in very good agreement with the experimental values. In addition, about one-third of the $\ensuremath{\Delta}$-nucleon mass splitting is found to come from pionic effects, so that our extracted value of ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{s}$ is smaller than that of the MIT bag model.

Anthony W. Thomas

Papers

Chiral Symmetry and the Bag Model: A New Starting Point for Nuclear Physics

The Nuclear EMC Effect

The Structure of the Nucleon

Pionic corrections and the EMC enhancement of the sea in iron

Cloudy bag model of the nucleon