Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is an independent organization devoted to the development of standards.

American Society for Testing and Materials

Much has been written about theory and practice in the law, and the tension between practitioners and theorists. Judges do not cite theoretical articles often; they rarely "apply" theories to particular cases. These arguments are not revisited. Instead the Essay explores the working and interaction of theory and practice, practitioners and theorists. The Essay starts with a story about solving a legal issue using our intellectual tools - theory, practice, and their progenies: experience and "gut." Next the Essay elaborates on the nature of theory, practice, experience and "gut." The third part of the Essay discusses theories that are helpful to practitioners and those that are less helpful. The Essay concludes that practitioners theorize, and theorists practice. They use these intellectual tools differently because the goals and orientations of theorists and practitioners, and the constraints under which they act, differ. Theory, practice, experience and "gut" help us think, remember, decide and create. They complement each other like the two sides of the same coin: distinct but inseparable.

Of Theory and Practice

Über die Adsorption in Lösungen

Chem. Pharm. Bull.(オピニオン)

Effect of the Addition of Inorganic Compounds on the Corrosion Behaviour of the 3003 Aluminium Alloy in Bicarbonate Solution. The effect of the addition of inorganic compounds on the corrosion behaviour of the 3003 aluminium alloy in bicarbonate solution was studied by electrochemical polarization methods. The tested compounds were the oxo-anions HPO42−1, MoO42− and the cations Li+, Mg2+, Ce3+ and Ce4+. The obtained results show that this last ion was the best inhibitor. The inhibition efficiency (E%) of the HPO42−, Mg2+, Ce3+ and Ce4+ reached 90% at 10−2 M. An increase in temperature indicated that E% of these ions did not change. This result shows that these ions are good inhibitors in a wide temperature domain. For Li+ ions, the increase of E% from 76% at 25°C to 99% at 70°C illustrates the performance of this inhibitor at elevated temperatures.

Effet de l'addition de composes inorganiques sur le comportement a la corrosion de l'alliage d'aluminium 3003 en milieu bicarbonate

Quantum chemical calculations, based on DFT methods at B3LYP/6-31G** level of theory, were performed, by means of the G03 set of programs, on four pyridine-pyrazole compounds. The objective of this work was to attempt to find relationships between the intrinsic electronic properties and inhibiting efficiencies of two pyridine-pyrazole derivatives, denoted H-PP and Br-PP, which have been previously studied experimentally as mild steel corrosion inhibitors in acidic medium. Based on these results, the Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationships (QSAR) studies allowed us to calculate the inhibitive efficiencies for the former and for two other pyridine-pyrazole derivatives, Cl-PP and MePP, of which the experimental study, was not yet made. The structural electronic properties of the whole pyridine-pyrazole molecules were investigated by means of number of global and local theoretical reactivity descriptors. The results showed that the electronic effect of the substituent at the meta of the pyridine ring markedly influenced the performance of the studied inhibitors. The QSAR’s quadratic model results, representing the best fitting, showed that the Cl-PP and Me-PP will probably have the same corrosion inhibitory performance as Br-PP and H-PP, respectively especially at higher concentrations.

DFT–based QSAR Study of Substituted Pyridine–Pyrazole Derivatives as Corrosion inhibitors in Molar Hydrochloric Acid

The interactions between poly(4-vinylpyridine-graft-bromodecane) (P4VPBrD) and textile blue basic (TBB) dye in aqueous solution were investigated by a spectrophotometric method at room temperature, considering that the electrostatic force is the main binding force and that the color change during the combination is due to the transformation of dye species of acidic form into bound basic form as well as the bathochromic and hypsochromic effects of conjugation. The formation of an isosbestic point in the absorption spectra of textile blue basic dye species of acidic form was explained based on a new consideration about the solution equilibrium. An application based on the interaction of P4VPBrD with the basic coloring agent is presented. Tests were carried out to estimate the retention rate of the dye by P4VPBrD.

Interaction between poly(4-vinylpyridine-graft-bromodecane) and textile blue basic dye by spectrophotometric study

Inhibitory effect of some new synthesized and analyzed aminocyclohexane compounds, namely, 3-cyclohexylaminopropionitrile (P1) and aminocyclohexane (P2) respectively; on corrosion of steel in 1M HCl solution has been studied using weight loss measurements and electrochemical technique polarization methods. The results obtained reveal that these compounds are efficient inhibitors. The inhibition efficiency increases with the increase of inhibitor concentration and reaches 90 % for P1 at 10-3 M. Potentiodynamic polarisation studies clearly reveal that P1 and P2 acts cathodic inhibitors without change of the mechanism of hydrogen evolution. The temperature effect on the corrosion behaviour of iron in 1 M HCl without and with the inhibitors at 10-3 M was studied in the temperature range from 313 to 353 K. Significant correlations are obtained between inhibition efficiency with the calculated chemical indexes, indicating that variation of inhibition with structure of the inhibitor may be explained in terms of electronic properties. The inhibitors were adsorbed on the iron surface according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model at different temperature. From the adsorption isotherm some thermodynamic data for the adsorption process (K and DG°ads) are calculated and discussed.

Belkheir Hammouti

Papers

Effet de l'addition de composes inorganiques sur le comportement a la corrosion de l'alliage d'aluminium 3003 en milieu bicarbonate

DFT–based QSAR Study of Substituted Pyridine–Pyrazole Derivatives as Corrosion inhibitors in Molar Hydrochloric Acid

Interaction between poly(4-vinylpyridine-graft-bromodecane) and textile blue basic dye by spectrophotometric study

The effect of 3-cyclohexylamino-propionitrile and aminocyclohexane on the behaviour steel in HCl solution

Corrosion of steel in isoacidic 5.5 m h3po4 solutions