Benigno Rodriguez

TL;DR: It is shown that increased lipopolysaccharide is bioactive in vivo and correlates with measures of innate and adaptive immune activation, which establish a mechanism for chronic immune activation in the context of a compromised gastrointestinal mucosal surface and provide new directions for therapeutic interventions that modify the consequences of acute HIV infection.

TL;DR: The early initiation of antiretroviral therapy before the CD4+ count fell below two prespecified thresholds significantly improved survival, as compared with deferred therapy.

TL;DR: High levels of 16S rDNA during therapy are strongly associated with reduced increases in the CD4(+) T lymphocyte count, irrespective of plasma HIV RNA levels, consistent with the importance of microbial translocation in immunodeficiency and T cell homeostasis in chronic HIV infection.

TL;DR: Interventional trials to decrease the incidence of non-AIDS-defining events among HIV-infected persons with virological suppression should consider targeting the pathways represented by these soluble markers, particularly higher IL-6 level, sTNFR-Ilevel, s TNFR-II level, KT ratio, and D-dimer level at year 1.

TL;DR: Anal cancer rates were substantially higher for HIV-infected MSM, other men, and women compared with HIV-uninfected individuals, suggesting a need for universal prevention efforts.