Bernd Manfred Gawlik

TL;DR: The obtained results show the presence of 125 substances (80% of the target compounds) in European wastewater effluents, in concentrations ranging from low nanograms to milligrams per liter, which allow for an estimation to be made of a European median level for the chemicals investigated in WWTP effluent waters.

TL;DR: This study provides the first EU-wide reconnaissance of the occurrence of polar organic persistent pollutants in European river waters, and proposes "indicative warning levels" in surface waters, which are close to the 90th percentile of all water samples analysed.

TL;DR: The chemicals which were detected most frequently above the European ground water quality standard for pesticides of 0.1 microg/L were Chloridazon-desphenyl (26 samples), NPE(1)C (20), Bisphenol A (12), Benzotriazole (8), N,N'-Dimethylsulfamid (DMS) (8) and Nonylphenol (6).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a technical report on aquatic effect-based monitoring tools (e.g. biomarkers and bioassays) that could be used in the context of different monitoring programmes linking chemical and ecological status assessment.

TL;DR: This guidance document constitutes guidance and Member States are therefore not legally required to follow the recommendations contained in it, however, they are required to use methods compliant with the requirements of the Environmental Quality Standards Directive (EQS) and the Quality Assurance/Quality Control Directive 2009/90/EC as mentioned in this paper.