Showing papers by "Brit Salbu published in 2013"
TL;DR: This document is the first published draft of the Strategic Research Agenda (SRA), a suggested prioritisation of research topics in radioecology, with the goal of improving research efficiency and more rapidly advancing the science.
71 citations
TL;DR: These legacy sites, containing enhanced levels of natural radioactive material (TENORM) as well as heavy metals, may represent a hazard having a potential radiological and chemical impact on man and the environment, and measures should be taken to reduce the environmental risk to man and biota.
71 citations
TL;DR: Overall, it is concluded that measures such as restricted access to the Pit Lake as well as dietary restrictions with respect to drinking water and intake of fish should be taken to reduce the environmental risk to man and biota.
47 citations
TL;DR: The results obtained showed that radiation doses to resident public at all of the investigated sites in the Kadji Sai area were in general relatively low and exposure to Rn and Tn in the living environment can be further reduced by implementing simple countermeasures such as ventilation of dwelling cellars.
43 citations
TL;DR: 4,4'-DDE was found to biomagnify in the fish species of the lake, and increases with trophic level, however, the biomagnification rate was generally lower than what has been reported from other areas.
38 citations
TL;DR: An assessment of the radiological situation due to exposure to gamma radiation, radon and thoron at the former uranium mining and processing sites in Shekaftar, Minkush and Kadji Sai in Kyrgyzstan showed that gamma, Rn and Tn doses were in general low, which implies a low/relatively low radiological risk.
35 citations
TL;DR: In this article, state-of-the-art isotopic fingerprinting techniques are applied to an Arctic ice core in order to quantify deposition of U and Pu, and to identify possible tropospheric transport of debris from former Soviet Union test sites Semipalatinsk (Central Asia) and Novaya Zemlya (Arctic Ocean).
35 citations
TL;DR: The present work shows that direct tropospheric transport of fallout from atmospheric nuclear detonations periodically may have had much larger influence on radionuclide air concentrations and deposition than previously anticipated.
32 citations
TL;DR: The results confirm direct uptake of unsupported (210)Po into the liver of Carassius auratus, and that the distributions of ( 210)Po and (210).Pb in fish organs were different, and the recommended Annual Limit of Intake (ALI) for (210]Po is alarming.
29 citations
TL;DR: The ERICA assessment tool was used to provide an assessment of the potential doses to non-human biota at the various sites, to identify the most exposed organism types and the radionuclides giving rise to the greatest doses.
28 citations
TL;DR: The results suggested that TENORM particles can carry substantial amount of radioactivity, which can be subject to re-suspension, atmospheric transport and water transport, and the potential radioecological and radioanalytical impact of radioactive particles at NORM and TENorM sites worldwide should be taken into account.
TL;DR: To assess the potential impact from U in these pit lakes, field work was performed in 2006 in Kurday and 2006 and 2008 in Taboshar, and results show that the U concentration in the lake waters were relatively high, but the concentrations of (238)U in gill, liver, muscle and bones in fish from the pit lakes were much higher than in the reference fish.
TL;DR: The combined metal exposure altered the GSH levels, however GPx and MT were not affected suggesting a different mode of detoxification in the combined exposure, and Gamma radiation appeared to influence GSH and ubiquitin levels.
TL;DR: There was a linear effect of increasing the level of Co on milk FA composition and feed intake and total tract digestibility of feed components were negatively affected by increasing the Co level.
Abstract: In previous studies, administration of high amounts of Co decreased the proportion of MUFA in bovine milk. The present study was conducted to examine the amount of Co needed to obtain this effect. High-yielding dairy cows (n 4), equipped with ruminal cannulas, were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design study. The basal diet consisted of concentrate mixture (9 kg/d) without added Co and grass silage (ad libitum). The following four levels of Co were administrated as cobalt acetate dissolved in distilled water: no Co (treatment 1, T1); 4·0 mg Co/d (T2); 380 mg Co/d (T3); 5300 mg Co/d (T4). Each period lasted for 18 d, including 11 d of treatment. During the treatment periods, the solutions were continuously infused into the rumen. Milk yield and milk concentration of fat, fatty acids (FA), protein, lactose, Co, Zn, Fe and Cu were determined. Blood plasma was analysed with respect to FA, Co, Zn, Fe and Cu. Feed intake and total tract digestibility of feed components were also determined. There was a linear effect of increasing the level of Co on milk FA composition. The effects of Co on FA composition in blood were insignificant compared with the effects on milk. In milk fat, the concentration of cis-9-18 : 1 was reduced by as much as 38 % on T4 compared with T1. Feed intake and milk yield were negatively affected by increasing the Co level.
TL;DR: Control experiments showed that C. aethiopicus has mechanisms to suppress both Al-induced ROS and DNA damage, thereby increasing tolerance of the species to high Al concentrations, and no significant induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in terms of leaf H2O2 levels, could be observed.
Abstract: Concentrations of aluminum (Al) were determined in leaves of native terrestrial plants, macrophytes and fruit parts (watermelon and tomato) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Al concentrations in water and soil were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Potamogeton thunbergii (macrophyte) and Cynodon aethiopicus (terrestrial grass) had the highest leaf Al concentrations (2 and 1 g kg−1 dw, respectively). Transfer factors (mg kg−1 dw plants/mg kg−1 dw soil) based on total Al concentrations in soil varied from 2 × 10−3 to 0.05 and from 1.9 to 78 based on mobile Al concentrations determined after sequential extraction. Bioconcentration factors (mg kg−1 dw plants/mg L−1 water) varied from 19 to 9.5 × 103 L kg−1 dw. Plants can accumulate high concentrations of Al when growing in neutral pH soils and slightly alkaline lakes in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. Controlled experiments showed that C. aethiopicus can accumulate high levels of Al both in root and shoot. Compared to Arabidopsis thaliana, C. aethiopicus was more tolerant to Al exposure as ≥400 μM AlCl3 was needed to inhibit root growth compared to 200 μM in A. thaliana. After exposing C. aethiopicus and A. thaliana in 800 μM AlCl3, alkaline comet assay indicates significant DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) damage in A. thaliana while C. aethiopicus was unaffected. No significant induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in terms of leaf H2O2 levels, could be observed in C. aethiopicus. C. aethiopicus has mechanisms to suppress both Al-induced ROS and DNA damage, thereby increasing tolerance of the species to high Al concentrations.
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: Two areas were identified as the most promising candidates for becoming Radioecological Observatories as discussed by the authors, and two areas were selected for becoming radioecological observatories based on these two areas.
Abstract: Two areas were identified as the most promising candidates for becoming Radioecological Observatories.
01 Oct 2013
01 Sep 2013
TL;DR: The Radioecology Education and Training Platform as mentioned in this paper is a website focal point for students and professionals interested in radioecology, which provides an overview of education and training course modules within radio-ecology/environmental radioactivity.
Abstract: The Radioecology Education and Training Platform is a website focal point for students and professionals interested in radioecology. The platform presents an overview
of education and training course modules within radioecology/environmental radioactivity
presently offered by the STAR consortium.