다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

http://www.maths.qmul.ac.uk/%7Elatora/report_06.pdf

Complex networks: Structure and dynamics

Modern nanotechnology allows one to scale down various important devices (sensors, chips, fibers, etc.) and thus opens up new horizons for their applications. The efficiency of most of them is based on fundamental physical phenomena, such as transport of wave excitations and resonances. Short propagation distances make phase-coherent processes of waves important. Often the scattering of waves involves propagation along different paths and, as a consequence, results in interference phenomena, where constructive interference corresponds to resonant enhancement and destructive interference to resonant suppression of the transmission. Recently, a variety of experimental and theoretical work has revealed such patterns in different physical settings. The purpose of this review is to relate resonant scattering to Fano resonances, known from atomic physics. One of the main features of the Fano resonance is its asymmetric line profile. The asymmetry originates from a close coexistence of resonant transmission and resonant reflection and can be reduced to the interaction of a discrete (localized) state with a continuum of propagation modes. The basic concepts of Fano resonances are introduced, their geometrical and/or dynamical origin are explained, and theoretical and experimental studies of light propagation in photonic devices, charge transport through quantum dots, plasmon scattering in Josephson-junction networks, and matter-wave scattering in ultracold atom systems, among others are reviewed.

/pdf/fano-resonances-in-nanoscale-structures-2c8qeas3bm.pdf

Fano resonances in nanoscale structures

The synchronization of chaotic systems

We observe spontaneous parametric oscillation in a laser-driven cloud of cold atoms The threshold for this instability is lowered dramatically due to self-assembled atomic gratings that allow for self-phase matching of atom-field wave mixing processes

Toward single-photon nonlinear optics via self-assembled ultracold atoms

The authors demonstrate experimentally that transitions can be induced between stable coexisting response patterns in bullfrog ventricular myocardium by means of a single pulse injected into the stimulus train. They find that two distinct ranges of stimulus timings will elicit transitions from a 1:1 state, in which one stimulus elicits one response, and a 2:1 state, in which every other stimulus elicits a response. The authors also observe two distinct types of 2:1/spl rarr/1:1 transition. These transitions are differentiated by their transient behavior while settling from one stable state into another. They characterize these transitions, and the ranges of added stimulus timings which produce them, both experimentally and with two simple models of cardiac dynamics.

Transitions between 2:1 and 1:1 responses in cardiac muscle induced by added stimuli

We demonstrate that matching the symmetry properties of a reservoir computer (RC) to the data being processed dramatically increases its processing power. We apply our method to the parity task, a challenging benchmark problem that highlights inversion and permutation symmetries, and to a chaotic system inference task that presents an inversion symmetry rule. For the parity task, our symmetry-aware RC obtains zero error using an exponentially reduced neural network and training data, greatly speeding up the time to result and outperforming artificial neural networks. When both symmetries are respected, we find that the network size $N$ necessary to obtain zero error for 50 different RC instances scales linearly with the parity-order $n$. Moreover, some symmetry-aware RC instances perform a zero error classification with only $N=1$ for $n\ensuremath{\le}7$. Furthermore, we show that a symmetry-aware RC only needs a training data set with size on the order of $(n+n/2)$ to obtain such a performance, an exponential reduction in comparison to a regular RC which requires a training data set with size on the order of $n{2}^{n}$ to contain all ${2}^{n}$ possible $n$-bit-long sequences. For the inference task, we show that a symmetry-aware RC presents a normalized root-mean-square error three orders-of-magnitude smaller than regular RCs. For both tasks, our RC approach respects the symmetries by adjusting only the input and the output layers, and not by problem-based modifications to the neural network. We anticipate that the generalizations of our procedure can be applied in information processing for problems with known symmetries.

Symmetry-aware reservoir computing.

We report on an ultra-high-frequency (>1 GHz), piecewise-linear chaotic system designed from low-cost, commercially available electronic components. The system is composed of two electronic time-delayed feedback loops: A primary analog loop with a variable gain that produces multi-mode oscillations centered around 2 GHz and a secondary loop that switches the variable gain between two different values by means of a digital-like signal. We demonstrate experimentally and numerically that such an approach allows for the simultaneous generation of analog and digital chaos, where the digital chaos can be used to partition the system's attractor, forming the foundation for a symbolic dynamics with potential applications in noise-resilient communications and radar.

Ultra-high-frequency piecewise-linear chaos using delayed feedback loops

Dense Particle Suspension (DPS) can be used as high temperature heat transfer fluid in solar receiver. Tests conducted with a one-tube experimental setup in real conditions of concentrated solar irradiation resulted in determining heat transfer coefficients for the DPS flowing upward in a vertical tube. They have been obtained for solid fluxes in the range 10-45 kg/m2.s and outlet temperatures up to 1020 K. The influence of solid flux, aeration and temperature is outlined in this paper. Heat transfer coefficient variations are correlated as a function of the solid flux and the temperature for given aeration conditions.

/pdf/temperature-influence-on-wall-to-particle-suspension-heat-48ed45fyas.pdf

Daniel J. Gauthier

Papers

Toward single-photon nonlinear optics via self-assembled ultracold atoms

Transitions between 2:1 and 1:1 responses in cardiac muscle induced by added stimuli

Symmetry-aware reservoir computing.

Ultra-high-frequency piecewise-linear chaos using delayed feedback loops

Temperature influence on wall-to-particle suspension heat transfer in a solar tubular receiver