Detlef Pape

TL;DR: In this paper, a multiauthor review article aims to bring readers up to date with some of the current trends in the field of process analytical technology (PAT) by summarizing each aspect of the subject (sensor development, PAT based process monitoring and control methods) and presenting applications both in industrial laboratories and in manufacture.

TL;DR: In this paper, an ECDU is adapted to repeatedly determine the time of flight of the pressure wave, change the ultrasonic frequency of the transmitter until the determined time-of-flight reaches a minimum, and determine the liquid level.

TL;DR: In this paper, a temperature sensor is disclosed as having a resistance thermocouple, accommodated in a sensor housing, for detecting a process temperature, which can be connected via a multipole electric line to an electronic temperature transmitter for measured-value conditioning.

TL;DR: In this article, a system and a method for measuring a signal propagation speed in a liquid contained in a vessel or in a gaseous medium contained in the same vessel above the surface of the liquid are proposed.

TL;DR: In this article, a system and a method for nonintrusive and continuous level measurement of a liquid are described, where the liquid is enclosed by a solid wall of a vessel.