Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation

4. UNHCR notes with concern that although the country acceded to the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol in 1999, incorporation of the 1951 Convention obligations into national legislation and normative acts has been slow and to date Kazakhstan has failed to comply with its obligation to give full effect to the Covenant in the domestic legal order, inter alia providing for effective judicial and other remedies for violations of these rights

United Nations High Commission for Refugees

Social Vulnerability to Environmental Hazards

The 2020 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: responding to converging crises.

For those who teach methodology within social science departments, notably sociology, the mixing of quantitative and qualitative methods presents an ongoing problem. Recent developments in the philosophy of science have argued that the two traditions should not have a separate-but-equal status, and should instead interact. By reviewing three positions about this issue ('empiricist', constructionist, and realist) the chapter offers a review of the sociological approach now known as triangulation. The chapter refers to several empirical examples that illustrate the realist position and its strengths. The conclusion of the chapter is a more abstract review of the debate over pluralism in methodology. Triangulation, I argue, is not aimed merely at validation but at deepening and widening one's understanding. As a research aim, this one can be achieved either by a person or by a research team or group. Triangulation and pluralism both tend to support interdisciplinary research rather than a strongly bounded discipline of sociology. (For a copy of this book, you may contact Causeway Press on 01695 576048, email causeway.press@btinternet.com, ISBN 1902796829.)

Triangulation in Social Research: : Qualitative and Quantitative Methods Can Really Be Mixed

Hurricane Katrina struck New Orleans on the 29th of August 2005 and displaced virtually the entire population of the city. Soon after, observers predicted the city would become whiter and wealthier as a result of selective return migration, although challenges related to sampling and data collection in a post-disaster environment have hampered evaluation of these hypotheses. In this article, we investigate return to the city by displaced residents over a period of approximately 14 months following the storm, describing overall return rates and examining differences in return rates by race and socioeconomic status. We use unique data from a representative sample of pre-Katrina New Orleans residents collected in the Displaced New Orleans Residents Pilot Survey. We find that black residents returned to the city at a much slower pace than white residents even after controlling for socioeconomic status and demographic characteristics. However, the racial disparity disappears after controlling for housing damage. We conclude that blacks tended to live in areas that experienced greater flooding and hence suffered more severe housing damage which, in turn, led to their delayed return to the city. The full-scale survey of displaced residents being fielded in 2009–2010 will show whether the repopulation of the city was selective over a longer period.

/pdf/race-socioeconomic-status-and-return-migration-to-new-4sillz5ulw.pdf

Race, socioeconomic status, and return migration to New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina

We present theoretical arguments and empirical research to suggest that the principal mechanisms of cumulative causation do not function in large urban settings. Using data from the Mexican Migration Project, we found evidence of cumulative causation in small cities, rural towns and villages, but not in large urban areas. With event-history models, we found little positive effect of community-level social capital and a strong deterrent effect of urban labor markets on the likelihood of first and later U.S. trips for residents of urban areas in Mexico, suggesting that the social process of migration from urban areas is distinct from that in the more widely studied rural migrant-sending communities of Mexico.

The limits to cumulative causation: international migration from Mexican urban areas.

The Transition to Adulthood during the Twentieth Century: Race, Nativity, and Gender.

The purpose of this study was to document changes in mental and physical health among 392 low-income parents exposed to Hurricane Katrina and to explore how hurricane-related stressors and loss relate to post-Katrina well-being. The prevalence of probable serious mental illness doubled, and nearly half of the respondents exhibited probable posttraumatic stress disorder. Higher levels of hurricane-related loss and stressors were generally associated with worse health outcomes, controlling for baseline sociodemographic and health measures. Higher baseline resources predicted fewer hurricane-associated stressors, but the consequences of stressors and loss were similar regardless of baseline resources. Adverse health consequences of Hurricane Katrina persisted for a year or more and were most severe for those experiencing the most stressors and loss. Long-term health and mental health services are needed for low-income disaster survivors, especially those who experience disaster-related stressors and loss.

/pdf/the-impact-of-hurricane-katrina-on-the-mental-and-physical-32uxywcz12.pdf

The Impact of Hurricane Katrina on the Mental and Physical Health of Low-Income Parents in New Orleans

http://www.riskproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/2011.Paxson-Fussell-Rhodes-Waters.FiveYearsLaterRecovery.pdf

Elizabeth Fussell

Papers

Race, socioeconomic status, and return migration to New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina

The limits to cumulative causation: international migration from Mexican urban areas.

The Transition to Adulthood during the Twentieth Century: Race, Nativity, and Gender.

The Impact of Hurricane Katrina on the Mental and Physical Health of Low-Income Parents in New Orleans

Five years later: Recovery from post traumatic stress and psychological distress among low-income mothers affected by Hurricane Katrina