Eric Kemen

TL;DR: Sequential infection experiments show that infection by adapted races enables subsequent infection of hosts by normally non-infecting races, which facilitates introgression and the exchange of effector repertoires, and may enable the evolution of novel races that can undergo clonal population expansion on new hosts.

TL;DR: Genetic traits underlying the mechanisms of communal assembly mediated by the host will become important resources to design plants selecting and hosting beneficial microbial communities.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the RTP1p homologues constitute a rust fungi-specific family of modular effector proteins comprising an unstructured N-terminal domain and a structured C-Terminal domain, which exhibit protease inhibitory activity possibly associated with effector function during biotrophic interactions.

TL;DR: Rust transferred protein 1 (RTP1p), a rust protein that is transferred into the host cytoplasm, accumulates around the haustorial complex and is a member of a new class of structural effectors.

TL;DR: The next phase of obligate biotrophic pathogen research will need to uncover how this network, including multitrophic interactions, shapes the evolution and diversity of pathogens.