Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain—3-Dimensional Proportional System: An Approach to Cerebral Imaging, J. Talairach, P. Tournoux. Georg Thieme Verlag, New York (1988), 122 pp., 130 figs. DM 268

The analysis of medical images has been woven into the fabric of the pattern analysis and machine intelligence (PAMI) community since the earliest days of these Transactions. Initially, the efforts in this area were seen as applying pattern analysis and computer vision techniques to another interesting dataset. However, over the last two to three decades, the unique nature of the problems presented within this area of study have led to the development of a new discipline in its own right. Examples of these include: the types of image information that are acquired, the fully three-dimensional image data, the nonrigid nature of object motion and deformation, and the statistical variation of both the underlying normal and abnormal ground truth. In this paper, we look at progress in the field over the last 20 years and suggest some of the challenges that remain for the years to come.

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00615100/document

Medical image analysis: progress over two decades and the challenges ahead

From the Publisher: 
The accessible presentation of this book gives both a general view of the entire computer vision enterprise and also offers sufficient detail to be able to build useful applications. Users learn techniques that have proven to be useful by first-hand experience and a wide range of mathematical methods. A CD-ROM with every copy of the text contains source code for programming practice, color images, and illustrative movies. Comprehensive and up-to-date, this book includes essential topics that either reflect practical significance or are of theoretical importance. Topics are discussed in substantial and increasing depth. Application surveys describe numerous important application areas such as image based rendering and digital libraries. Many important algorithms broken down and illustrated in pseudo code. Appropriate for use by engineers as a comprehensive reference to the computer vision enterprise.

Computer vision : a modern approach = 计算机视觉 : 一种现代的方法

語用論(Pragmatics)を考える

I read this book the same weekend that the Packers took on the Rams, and the experience of the latter event, obviously, colored my judgment. Although I abhor anything that smacks of being a handbook (like, \"How to Earn a Merit Badge in Neurosurgery\") because too many volumes in biomedical science already evince a boyscout-like approach, I must confess that parts of this volume are fast, scholarly, and significant, with certain reservations. I like parts of this well-illustrated book because Dr. Sj6strand, without so stating, develops certain subjects on technique in relation to the acquisition of judgment and sophistication. And this is important! So, given that the author (like all of us) is somewhat deficient in some areas, and biased in others, the book is still valuable if the uninitiated reader swallows it in a general fashion, realizing full well that what will be required from the reader is a modulation to fit his vision, propreception, adaptation and response, and the kind of problem he is undertaking. A major deficiency of this book is revealed by comparison of its use of physics and of chemistry to provide understanding and background for the application of high resolution electron microscopy to problems in biology. Since the volume is keyed to high resolution electron microscopy, which is a sophisticated form of structural analysis, but really morphology in a modern guise, the physical and mechanical background of The instrument and its ancillary tools are simply and well presented. The potential use of chemical or cytochemical information as it relates to biological fine structure , however, is quite deficient. I wonder when even sophisticated morphol-ogists will consider fixation a reaction and not a technique; only then will the fundamentals become self-evident and predictable and this sine qua flon will become less mystical. Staining reactions (the most inadequate chapter) ought to be something more than a technique to selectively enhance contrast of morphological elements; it ought to give the structural addresses of some of the chemical residents of cell components. Is it pertinent that auto-radiography gets singled out for more complete coverage than other significant aspects of cytochemistry by a high resolution microscopist, when it has a built-in minimal error of 1,000 A in standard practice? I don't mean to blind-side (in strict football terminology) Dr. Sj6strand's efforts for what is \"routinely used in our laboratory\"; what is done is usually well done. It's just that …

Methods in Enzymology.

Humans naturally use an impressive variety of ways to com-
municate. In this work, we investigate the possibilities of complementing these natural communication channels with articial ones. For this, augmented reality is used as a technique to add synthetic visual and auditory stimuli to people's perception. A system for the mutual display
of the gaze direction of two interactants is presented and its acceptance is shown through a study. Finally, future possibilities of promoting this novel concept of articial communication channels are explored

Enhancing human cooperation with multimodal augmented reality

We give an overview of the ElMaR Docking System. Using a distributed modular and optionally parallel architecture results can be obtained within a few minutes. ElMaR incorporates protein flexibility obtained through statistics and force field calculation. Using a fast correlation technique steric clash penalties are weighted according to the possibility of amino acid rotamer changes.

ElMaR: A Protein Docking System using Flexibility Information

This paper presents an HMM-based recognition system for perceptive relevant pitch movements of spontaneous German speech. The pitch movements are de ned according to the perceptively and phonetically motivated IPO-approach to intonation. For recognition we use a hybrid approach combining polynomial classi cation with Hidden Markov Modelling. The recognition is based only on the speech signal, its fundamental frequency and eleven derived features. We evaluate the system on a speaker independant recognition task.

A HMM-based recognition system for perceptive relevant pitch movements of spontaneous German speech.

Theory of Mind (ToM) is not only a key capability for cognitive development but also for successful social interaction. In order for a robot to interact successfully with a human both interaction part- ners need to have an adequate representation of the other’s actions. In this paper we address the question of how a robot’s actions are perceived and represented in a human subject interacting with the robot and how this perception is influenced by the appearance of the robot. We present the preliminary results of an fMRI-study in which participants had to play a version of the classical Prisoners’ Dilemma Game (PDG) against four opponents: a human partner (HP), an anthropomorphic robot (AR), a functional robot (FR), and a computer (CP). The PDG scenario enables to implicitly measure mentalizing or Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities, a technique com- monly applied in functional imaging. As the responses of each game partner were randomized unknowingly to the participants, the attribution of intention or will to an opponent (i.e. HP, AR, FR or CP) was based purely on differences in the perception of shape and embodiment. The present study is the first to apply functional neuroimaging methods to study human-robot interaction on a higher cognitive level such as ToM. We hypothesize that the degree of anthropomor- phism and embodiment of the game partner will modulate cortical activity in previously detected ToM networks as the medial pre- frontal lobe and anterior cingulate cortex.

https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/download/1991899/2487728/2008_hegel_HRI.pdf

Theory of Mind (ToM) on Robots: A Neuroimaging Study

In all fields of pattern recognition there may arise situations where severe distortions of the sensor data or errors of processing prevent a successful analysis. This is especially true in speech recognition. Therefore, a speech understanding system can not rely on being able to interpret the whole or even a given fixed percentage of the input data. Rather a dynamic criterion has to be applied to decide when the analysis has produced the best results obtainable from the input data. We propose an appropriate criterion and show how the requirements for robust interpretation of speech can be met in a dialog system.

Gerhard Sagerer

Papers

Enhancing human cooperation with multimodal augmented reality

ElMaR: A Protein Docking System using Flexibility Information

A HMM-based recognition system for perceptive relevant pitch movements of spontaneous German speech.

Theory of Mind (ToM) on Robots: A Neuroimaging Study

Robust Interpretation of Speech