Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain—3-Dimensional Proportional System: An Approach to Cerebral Imaging, J. Talairach, P. Tournoux. Georg Thieme Verlag, New York (1988), 122 pp., 130 figs. DM 268

The analysis of medical images has been woven into the fabric of the pattern analysis and machine intelligence (PAMI) community since the earliest days of these Transactions. Initially, the efforts in this area were seen as applying pattern analysis and computer vision techniques to another interesting dataset. However, over the last two to three decades, the unique nature of the problems presented within this area of study have led to the development of a new discipline in its own right. Examples of these include: the types of image information that are acquired, the fully three-dimensional image data, the nonrigid nature of object motion and deformation, and the statistical variation of both the underlying normal and abnormal ground truth. In this paper, we look at progress in the field over the last 20 years and suggest some of the challenges that remain for the years to come.

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00615100/document

Medical image analysis: progress over two decades and the challenges ahead

From the Publisher: 
The accessible presentation of this book gives both a general view of the entire computer vision enterprise and also offers sufficient detail to be able to build useful applications. Users learn techniques that have proven to be useful by first-hand experience and a wide range of mathematical methods. A CD-ROM with every copy of the text contains source code for programming practice, color images, and illustrative movies. Comprehensive and up-to-date, this book includes essential topics that either reflect practical significance or are of theoretical importance. Topics are discussed in substantial and increasing depth. Application surveys describe numerous important application areas such as image based rendering and digital libraries. Many important algorithms broken down and illustrated in pseudo code. Appropriate for use by engineers as a comprehensive reference to the computer vision enterprise.

Computer vision : a modern approach = 计算机视觉 : 一种现代的方法

語用論(Pragmatics)を考える

I read this book the same weekend that the Packers took on the Rams, and the experience of the latter event, obviously, colored my judgment. Although I abhor anything that smacks of being a handbook (like, \"How to Earn a Merit Badge in Neurosurgery\") because too many volumes in biomedical science already evince a boyscout-like approach, I must confess that parts of this volume are fast, scholarly, and significant, with certain reservations. I like parts of this well-illustrated book because Dr. Sj6strand, without so stating, develops certain subjects on technique in relation to the acquisition of judgment and sophistication. And this is important! So, given that the author (like all of us) is somewhat deficient in some areas, and biased in others, the book is still valuable if the uninitiated reader swallows it in a general fashion, realizing full well that what will be required from the reader is a modulation to fit his vision, propreception, adaptation and response, and the kind of problem he is undertaking. A major deficiency of this book is revealed by comparison of its use of physics and of chemistry to provide understanding and background for the application of high resolution electron microscopy to problems in biology. Since the volume is keyed to high resolution electron microscopy, which is a sophisticated form of structural analysis, but really morphology in a modern guise, the physical and mechanical background of The instrument and its ancillary tools are simply and well presented. The potential use of chemical or cytochemical information as it relates to biological fine structure , however, is quite deficient. I wonder when even sophisticated morphol-ogists will consider fixation a reaction and not a technique; only then will the fundamentals become self-evident and predictable and this sine qua flon will become less mystical. Staining reactions (the most inadequate chapter) ought to be something more than a technique to selectively enhance contrast of morphological elements; it ought to give the structural addresses of some of the chemical residents of cell components. Is it pertinent that auto-radiography gets singled out for more complete coverage than other significant aspects of cytochemistry by a high resolution microscopist, when it has a built-in minimal error of 1,000 A in standard practice? I don't mean to blind-side (in strict football terminology) Dr. Sj6strand's efforts for what is \"routinely used in our laboratory\"; what is done is usually well done. It's just that …

Methods in Enzymology.

We present a means of generating and understanding relative spatial positions in a natural three-dimensional scene, in terms of six spatial prepositions, left, right, in-front, behind, above, and below, using real stereo images. Our model has two layers. First, a symbolic spatial description of the scene independent of reference frames is computed. Then, in the second layer, the meaning of each of the six prepositions is deened with respect to the current reference frame, based on the description from the rst layer. The meaning deenitions of the prepositions in the given model can be used in two ways. They allow the system to judge the degree of fullllment of each of the six prepositions between two 3-D objects according to a graduated scale; and given the 3-D object description of one object, the admissible 2-D image region of the other object can be inferred. keywords: 3-D spatial modeling, image interpretation, generation and understanding of qualitative knowledge, generation of spatial prepositions from images, spatial prepositions for object localization.

A three-dimensional spatial model for the interpretation of image data

Unlike in traditional approaches to parallel or distributed processing where normally well structured problems are implemented completely in some programming environment we are faced with the problem of integrating existing heterogeneous software systems. Furthermore, pattern analysis stresses special aspects of communication capabilities. Therefore, we propose a new communication framework dedicated to heterogeneous pattern analysis systems that handles typed structured data, enables completely symmetric interaction, and provides various call semantics. A first prototype evaluating some of the concepts in practical situations is presented. >

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel2/3315/9948/00472283.pdf

A communication framework for heterogeneous distributed pattern analysis

Traditionally, the programming of bot behaviors for commercial computer games applies rule-based approaches. But even complex or fuzzyfied automatons cannot really challenge experienced players. This contribution examines whether bot programming can be treated as a pattern recognition problem and whether behaviors can be learned from recorded games. First, we sketch a technical computing interface to a commercial game that allows rapid prototyping of classifiers for bot programming. Then we discuss the use of self organizing maps to represent manifolds of high dimensional game data and how multilayer perceptrons can model local characteristics of such manifolds. Finally, some experiments in elementary behavior learning are presented.

Combining Self Organizing Maps and Multilayer Perceptrons to Learn Bot-Behavior for a Commercial Computer Game

Human-robot interaction (HRI) research is here presented into social robots that have to be able to interact with inexperienced users. In the design of these robots many research findings of human-human interaction and human-computer interaction are adopted but the direct applicability of these theories is limited because a robot is different from both humans and computers. Therefore, new methods have to be developed in HRI in order to build robots that are suitable for inexperienced users. In this paper we present a video study we conducted employing our robot BIRON (Bielefeld robot companion) which is designed for use in domestic environments. Subjects watched the system during the interaction with a human and rated two different robot behaviours (extrovert and introvert). The behaviours differed regarding verbal output and person following of the robot. Aiming to improve human-robot interaction, participantspsila ratings of the behaviours were evaluated and compared.

/pdf/evaluating-extrovert-and-introvert-behaviour-of-a-domestic-4k349tgim8.pdf

Evaluating extrovert and introvert behaviour of a domestic robot — a video study

This article presents the speech understanding and dialog system EVAR. All levels of linguistic knowledge are used both to control the analysis process and for the interpretation of an utterance. All kinds of knowledge are integrated in a homogeneous knowledge base. The control algorithm used for the analysis is defined within the representation scheme and does not depend on the application. One of the aims of EVAR is to develop a system structure where linguistic and nonlinguistic expectations could be used not only for the interpretation but also as predictions for the recognition process. >

/pdf/a-speech-understanding-and-dialog-system-with-a-homogeneous-2qx563jfb9.pdf

Gerhard Sagerer

Papers

A three-dimensional spatial model for the interpretation of image data

A communication framework for heterogeneous distributed pattern analysis

Combining Self Organizing Maps and Multilayer Perceptrons to Learn Bot-Behavior for a Commercial Computer Game

Evaluating extrovert and introvert behaviour of a domestic robot — a video study

A speech understanding and dialog system with a homogeneous linguistic knowledge base