There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Hydrogels for tissue engineering.

https://yunus.hacettepe.edu.tr/~damlacetin/kmu407/index_dosyalar/4.%20makale.pdf

Biodegradable polymers as biomaterials

Hydrogels in pharmaceutical formulations.

Lithium (Li) metal is an ideal anode material for rechargeable batteries due to its extremely high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mA h g−1), low density (0.59 g cm−3) and the lowest negative electrochemical potential (−3.040 V vs. the standard hydrogen electrode). Unfortunately, uncontrollable dendritic Li growth and limited Coulombic efficiency during Li deposition/stripping inherent in these batteries have prevented their practical applications over the past 40 years. With the emergence of post-Li-ion batteries, safe and efficient operation of Li metal anodes has become an enabling technology which may determine the fate of several promising candidates for the next generation energy storage systems, including rechargeable Li–air batteries, Li–S batteries, and Li metal batteries which utilize intercalation compounds as cathodes. In this paper, various factors that affect the morphology and Coulombic efficiency of Li metal anodes have been analyzed. Technologies utilized to characterize the morphology of Li deposition and the results obtained by modelling of Li dendrite growth have also been reviewed. Finally, recent development and urgent need in this field are discussed.

Lithium metal anodes for rechargeable batteries

A carboxylated phosphazene polymer, comprising a phosphazene polymer backbone covalently coupled to a carboxylate-containing compound through a divalent organic radical attached at one end to the carboxylate by an amide bond formed at a primary aliphatic amino group of the radical and at the other end to a phosphorous of the phosphazene backbone.

Coupling of polyorganophosphazenes to carboxylic acid

The development of polyphosphazene science and technology is traced from its beginnings in the 1960’s to the present day, with a focus on synthesis methods, model compound research, and evolving studies in biomedicine, photonics, energy storage and generation, and aerospace materials. Emphasis is placed on understanding the relationship between molecular structure and properties and drawing lessons from this research that may apply to the challenges of the future.

A Perspective of Polyphosphazene Research

Synthese par reaction de polydichlorophosphazene avec NaO(CH 2 CH 2 O) 3 C 6 H 4 N=NC 6 H 4 OCH 3

/pdf/liquid-crystalline-poly-organophosphazene-20xxjbzu1t.pdf

Liquid crystalline poly(organophosphazene)

A new approach to the synthesis of poly(dichlorophosphazene) and poly(organophosphazenes) has been developed via the cationic condensation polymerization of phosphoranimines. The effects of solvent, temperature, concentration, and initiator on the cationic condensation polymerization of Cl3PNSiMe3 and PhCl2PNSiMe3 are described. The ambient temperature polymerization of PhCl2PNSiMe3 is faster in toluene, benzene, and dioxane than in methylene chloride or chloroform. The polymerizations of Cl3PNSiMe3 and PhCl2PNSiMe3 were monitored by both NMR (31P and 1H) and GPC methods. The initial polymerization rates are slow, presumably because of the precipitation of phosphazene short chain salts, RCl2PN−[PR(Cl)N]n−PCl3+PCl6- (where R = Cl or Ph; n = 0, 1, 2, ...). After the chains redissolve (∼15−60 min), polymerization proceeds, with the propagation rates following pseudo-first-order kinetics for both monomers. The reactions in toluene, benzene, or dioxane yielded polymers with controlled molecular weights in the ...

Influence of reaction parameters on the living cationic polymerization of phosphoranimines to polyphosphazenes

Les polymeres [NP(Gl)×(NHMe) y ] n , [NP(Gl)×(OCH 2 CF 3 ) y ] n , [NP(Gl)×(OPh) y ] n et [NP(Gl)×(OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 ) y ] n (Gl=α-D-glucosyl, x+y=2 et n≃15000) sont prepares a partir du poly(dichlorophosphazene) en plusieurs etapes. Leur solubilite dans l'eau et les solvants organiques est etudiee, ainsi que leur hydrophilie, leur reactivite dans la reticulation chimique et radiochimique et leur vitesse d'hydrolyse. Leurs perspectives d'utilisation comme materiaux de membranes, d'hydrogels ou comme biomateriaux sont evoquees

Harry R. Allcock

Papers

Coupling of polyorganophosphazenes to carboxylic acid

A Perspective of Polyphosphazene Research

Liquid crystalline poly(organophosphazene)

Influence of reaction parameters on the living cationic polymerization of phosphoranimines to polyphosphazenes

Polyphosphazenes with glucosyl and methylamino, trifluoroethoxy, phenoxy, or (methoxyethoxy)ethoxy side groups