Heather E. Volk

TL;DR: Eviologic investigations focused on nongenetic factors have established advanced parental age and preterm birth as ASD risk factors, indicated that prenatal exposure to air pollution and short interpregnancy interval are potentialrisk factors, and suggested the need for further exploration of certain prenatal nutrients, metabolic conditions, and exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals.

TL;DR: Exposure to traffic-related air pollution, nitrogen dioxide, PM2.5, and PM10 during pregnancy and during the first year of life was associated with autism.

TL;DR: The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) scores for DSM-IV predominantly inattentive subtype and combined subtype ADHD groups were significantly higher than for subjects without DSMIV ADHD (p <.001, both comparisons as discussed by the authors ).

TL;DR: Living near a freeway was associated with autism and proximity of residence to freeways and major roadways during pregnancy and near the time of delivery, as a surrogate for air pollution exposure.

TL;DR: There was a 'U shaped' relationship between maternal multivitamin supplementation frequency and ASD risk and this hypothesis-generating study raises new questions about the impact of extremely elevated levels of plasma folate and B12 exposure in-utero on early brain development.