Showing papers by "Hilary A. Coller published in 2021"
TL;DR: The role of different histone marks in the transition between proliferation and quiescence has been examined in this paper, and the role of their writers, erasers and readers has been discussed.
Abstract: Many of the cells in our bodies are quiescent, that is, temporarily not dividing. Under certain physiological conditions such as during tissue repair and maintenance, quiescent cells receive the appropriate stimulus and are induced to enter the cell cycle. The ability of cells to successfully transition into and out of a quiescent state is crucial for many biological processes including wound healing, stem cell maintenance, and immunological responses. Across species and tissues, transcriptional, epigenetic, and chromosomal changes associated with the transition between proliferation and quiescence have been analyzed, and some consistent changes associated with quiescence have been identified. Histone modifications have been shown to play a role in chromatin packing and accessibility, nucleosome mobility, gene expression, and chromosome arrangement. In this review, we critically evaluate the role of different histone marks in these processes during quiescence entry and exit. We consider different model systems for quiescence, each of the most frequently monitored candidate histone marks, and the role of their writers, erasers and readers. We highlight data that support these marks contributing to the changes observed with quiescence. We specifically ask whether there is a quiescence histone "code," a mechanism whereby the language encoded by specific combinations of histone marks is read and relayed downstream to modulate cell state and function. We conclude by highlighting emerging technologies that can be applied to gain greater insight into the role of a histone code for quiescence.
11 citations
Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine1, University of Arizona2, New York University3, University of California, Los Angeles4, Children's Hospital Los Angeles5, University of Southern California6, University of Toledo7, University of Pittsburgh8, University of Nebraska Medical Center9, Laval University10, Max Planck Society11, University of Giessen12, University Hospital Heidelberg13, Seattle Children's Research Institute14, University of Washington Medical Center15, University of Washington16, University of Copenhagen17, Saint Louis University18
9 citations
TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to highlight recent studies that elucidate the functions associated with each of the methylation states of H4K20, their modifying enzymes, and their protein readers and critically analyze the data supporting these functions.
Abstract: Chromatin is a highly dynamic structure whose plasticity is achieved through multiple processes including the posttranslational modification of histone tails. Histone modifications function through the recruitment of nonhistone proteins to chromatin and thus have the potential to influence many fundamental biological processes. Here, we focus on the function and regulation of lysine 20 of histone H4 (H4K20) methylation in multiple biological processes including DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and DNA replication. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent studies that elucidate the functions associated with each of the methylation states of H4K20, their modifying enzymes, and their protein readers. Based on our current knowledge of H4K20 methylation, we critically analyze the data supporting these functions and outline questions for future research.
8 citations
TL;DR: This paper showed that the FOXO1 transcription factor regulates endothelial cell proliferation by controlling levels of the metabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate, which is essential for regulating the extent of vasculature that supplies oxygen and nutrients to tissues.
Abstract: The transition of endothelial cells between quiescence and proliferation is essential for regulating the extent of the vasculature that supplies oxygen and nutrients to tissues. A study now shows that the FOXO1 transcription factor regulates endothelial cell proliferation by controlling levels of the metabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate.
1 citations
University of Georgia1, Morton Arboretum2, Louisiana State University3, University of Pittsburgh4, Institute of Ecosystem Studies5, University of Wisconsin-Madison6, University of Connecticut7, University of Arkansas8, University of California, Los Angeles9, University of North Dakota10, Montana State University11, Howard University12, University of Chicago13, Johns Hopkins University14, Laramie County Community College15, Florida State University College of Arts and Sciences16, Florida Atlantic University17, Northeastern University18, College of Charleston19, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras20, Bowie State University21, Interamerican University of Puerto Rico22, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga23, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory24, Idaho State University25, University of Washington26
TL;DR: In this article, the authors conducted a study to describe and evaluate remote research experiences, using structured templates, including who participated, and identified programmatic strengths and shortcomings as well as recommendations for improvements from the perspectives of participating students.
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic shut down undergraduate research programs across the U.S. Twenty-three sites offered remote undergraduate research programs in the life sciences during summer 2020. Given the unprecedented offering of remote research experiences, we carried out a study to describe and evaluate these programs. Using structured templates, we documented how programs were designed and implemented, including who participated. Through focus groups and surveys, we identified programmatic strengths and shortcomings as well as recommendations for improvements from the perspectives of participating students. Strengths included the quality of mentorship, opportunities for learning and professional development, and development of a sense of community. Weaknesses included limited cohort building, challenges with insufficient structure, and issues with technology. Although all programs had one or more activities related to diversity, equity, inclusion, and justice, these topics were largely absent from student reports even though programs coincided with a peak in national consciousness about racial inequities and structural racism. Our results provide evidence for designing remote REUs that are experienced favorably by students. Our results also indicate that remote REUs are sufficiently positive to further investigate their affordances and constraints, including the potential to scale up offerings, with minimal concern about disenfranchising students.