Jinxia Zhang

TL;DR: It is reported that genetically and antigenically distinct sublineages of H5N1 virus have become established in poultry in different geographical regions of Southeast Asia, indicating the long-term endemicity of the virus, and the isolation of H3N2 virus from apparently healthy migratory birds in southern China.

TL;DR: The results indicate that genetic components of the 1918 H1N1 pandemic virus circulated in mammalian hosts as early as 1911 and was not likely to be a recently introduced avian virus, and mean estimates of the time of most recent common ancestor suggest that the H2N2 and H3N2 pandemic strains may have been generated through reassortment events in unknown mammalian hosts and involved multiple avian viruses preceding pandemic recognition.

TL;DR: The findings of this study suggest that bats may play an integral role in the ecology and evolution of coronavirus ecology, in particular the role of bats and other wild animals.

TL;DR: Genetic and antigenic analyses revealed the emergence and predominance of a previously uncharacterized H5N1 virus sublineage (Fujian-like) in poultry since late 2005, resulting in a new transmission and outbreak wave in Southeast Asia.

TL;DR: The results indicate that diverse coronaviruses are endemic in different bat species, with repeated introductions to other animals and occasional establishment in other species, and suggest that bats are likely the natural hosts for all presently known coronavirus lineages.