抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

We measured the elastic properties and intrinsic breaking strength of free-standing monolayer graphene membranes by nanoindentation in an atomic force microscope. The force-displacement behavior is interpreted within a framework of nonlinear elastic stress-strain response, and yields second- and third-order elastic stiffnesses of 340 newtons per meter (N m(-1)) and -690 Nm(-1), respectively. The breaking strength is 42 N m(-1) and represents the intrinsic strength of a defect-free sheet. These quantities correspond to a Young's modulus of E = 1.0 terapascals, third-order elastic stiffness of D = -2.0 terapascals, and intrinsic strength of sigma(int) = 130 gigapascals for bulk graphite. These experiments establish graphene as the strongest material ever measured, and show that atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.

/pdf/measurement-of-the-elastic-properties-and-intrinsic-strength-27nythtm75.pdf

Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene

Single-layer metal dichalcogenides are two-dimensional semiconductors that present strong potential for electronic and sensing applications complementary to that of graphene.

/pdf/electronics-and-optoelectronics-of-two-dimensional-2jbqr1unvw.pdf

Electronics and optoelectronics of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides.

We report the measurement of the thermal conductivity of a suspended single-layer graphene. The room temperature values of the thermal conductivity in the range ∼(4.84 ± 0.44) × 103 to (5.30 ± 0.48) × 103 W/mK were extracted for a single-layer graphene from the dependence of the Raman G peak frequency on the excitation laser power and independently measured G peak temperature coefficient. The extremely high value of the thermal conductivity suggests that graphene can outperform carbon nanotubes in heat conduction. The superb thermal conduction property of graphene is beneficial for the proposed electronic applications and establishes graphene as an excellent material for thermal management.

/pdf/superior-thermal-conductivity-of-single-layer-graphene-2op5i6aw2y.pdf

Superior Thermal Conductivity of Single-Layer Graphene

Many potential applications have been proposed for carbon nanotubes, including conductive and high-strength composites; energy storage and energy conversion devices; sensors; field emission displays and radiation sources; hydrogen storage media; and nanometer-sized semiconductor devices, probes, and interconnects. Some of these applications are now realized in products. Others are demonstrated in early to advanced devices, and one, hydrogen storage, is clouded by controversy. Nanotube cost, polydispersity in nanotube type, and limitations in processing and assembly methods are important barriers for some applications of single-walled nanotubes.

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/297/5582/787.full.pdf

Carbon Nanotubes--the Route Toward Applications

https://arxiv.org/pdf/cond-mat/0702510.pdf

The electronic structure and the phases of BaVS3

The effect of disorder on the metal-insulator and superconductor phase transitions in the α and β phases of (BEDT-TTF)2I3

1 CNRS LCC UPR 8241 (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France 2 Universite de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, LCC, F-31077 Toulouse, France Centre d'elaboration des materiaux et d'etudes structurales, CNRS, 29, rue JeanneMarvig, BP 4347, 31055 Toulouse, France 4 Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland E-mail: revathi.bacsa@ensiacet.fr,philippe.serp@ensiacet.fr

László Forró

Papers

The electronic structure and the phases of BaVS3

The effect of disorder on the metal-insulator and superconductor phase transitions in the α and β phases of (BEDT-TTF)2I3

CVD Synthesis of Shape and Size Controlled ZnO Nanoparticles for Application as UV Filters

Hall-effect of the high Tc superconductors YBaCuO and GdBaCuO

Controlled growth and applications of carbon nanotubes