다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Structural information on nanometer-sized gold particles has been limited, due in part to the problem of preparing homogeneous material. Here we report the crystallization and x-ray structure determination of a p-mercaptobenzoic acid (p-MBA)-protected gold nanoparticle, which comprises 102 gold atoms and 44 p-MBAs. The central gold atoms are packed in a Marks decahedron, surrounded by additional layers of gold atoms in unanticipated geometries. The p-MBAs interact not only with the gold but also with one another, forming a rigid surface layer. The particles are chiral, with the two enantiomers alternating in the crystal lattice. The discrete nature of the particle may be explained by the closing of a 58-electron shell.

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/318/5849/430.full.pdf

Structure of a thiol monolayer-protected gold nanoparticle at 1.1 A resolution

This review offers an introduction to the principles and generic applications of FT-ICR mass spectrometry, directed to readers with no prior experience with the technique. We are able to explain the fundamental FT-ICR phenomena from a simplified theoretical treatment of ion behavior in idealized magnetic and electric fields. The effects of trapping voltage, trap size and shape, and other nonidealities are manifested mainly as perturbations that preserve the idealized ion behavior modified by appropriate numerical correction factors. Topics include: effect of ion mass, charge, magnetic field, and trapping voltage on ion cyclotron frequency; excitation and detection of ICR signals; mass calibration; mass resolving power and mass accuracy; upper mass limit(s); dynamic range; detection limit, strategies for mass and energy selection for MSn; ion axialization, cooling, and remeasurement; and means for guiding externally formed ions into the ion trap. The relation of FT-ICR MS to other types of Fourier transform spectroscopy and to the Paul (quadrupole) ion trap is described. The article concludes with selected applications, an appendix listing accurate fundamental constants needed for ultrahigh-precision analysis, and an annotated list of selected reviews and primary source publications that describe in further detail various FT-ICR MS techniques and applications. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 17, 1–35, 1998

Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry: A primer

저작근 근전도에 관한 정상교합자와 ii급 부정교합자의 비교 연구

Production and trapping of carbon clusters for absolute mass measurements at ISOLTRAP

A multi-reflection time-of-flight setup for the improvement and development of new methods and the study of atomic clusters

Doubly charged silver clusters Agn
 2+, n=21, 22, 23, are produced by electron bombardment of an Agn
 + ensemble stored in a Penning trap. After mass selection the clusters are subjected to collision induced dissociation. The fragmentation channels are determined by time-of-flight mass spectrometry after ejection of the resulting ion ensemble from the trap. Monomer evaporation is the only decay path observed.

Collision induced dissociation of doubly charged silver clusters Ag n 2+ , n=21,22,23

The dimer dissociation energies of gold cluster ions Au
 +
 n
 , n
 = 9, 11, 13, 15 have been determined with an extension of a recently developed model-independent method. Monomer-dimer decay pathway branching ratios provide the energy dependent process which is needed in this method. The measured values are D

 2
 
(
Au

 +
 9
 
) = 3.66(8)(9) eV, D

 2
 
(
Au

 +
 11
 
) = 4.27(11)(8) eV, D

 2
 
(
Au

 +
 13
 
) = 4.50(9)(7) eV and D

 2
 
(
Au

 +
 15
 
) = 4.29(10)(6) eV.

/pdf/dimer-dissociation-energies-of-small-odd-size-clusters-2pyfv5tphb.pdf

Dimer dissociation energies of small odd-size clusters

The production of aluminum cluster tetra-anions, and thus the first observation of a tetra-anionic metal cluster in the gas-phase, is reported. The aluminum cluster polyanions were generated by use of the “electron-bath technique.” The smallest tetra-anion observed was Al2154−, containing 14% fewer atoms than expected from classical estimates of the tetra-anion appearance size.

Lutz Schweikhard

Papers

Production and trapping of carbon clusters for absolute mass measurements at ISOLTRAP

A multi-reflection time-of-flight setup for the improvement and development of new methods and the study of atomic clusters

Collision induced dissociation of doubly charged silver clusters Ag n 2+ , n=21,22,23

Dimer dissociation energies of small odd-size clusters

First observation of a tetra-anionic metal cluster, Aln4−