Martin E. Garcia

TL;DR: In this paper, a review is devoted to the study of ultrafast laser ablation of solids and liquids, including light absorption by electrons in the skin layer, energy transfer from the skin to target interior by nonlinear electronic heat conduction, relaxation of the electron and ion temperatures, ultrafast melting, hydrodynamic expansion of heated matter accompanied by the formation of metastable states and subsequent formation of breaks in condensed matter.

TL;DR: The physical mechanisms for damage formation in graphite films induced by femtosecond laser pulses are analyzed using microscopic electronic theory and graphite has the unique property of exhibiting two distinct laser-induced structural instabilities.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the ultrafast laser ablation of silicon and determined the thresholds of melting and ablation for two different pulse durations τ = 20 and 500fs.

TL;DR: Grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction is employed to characterize the coherent, femtosecond laser-induced lattice motion of a bismuth crystal as a function of depth from the surface with a temporal resolution of 193+/-8 fs.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a theoretical study of ultrafast phase transition induced by femtosecond laser pulses of arbitrary form, and apply this method to diamond and show that a nonequilibrium transition to graphite takes place for a wide range of laser pulse durations and intensities.