Matthias J. Frank

TL;DR: Adaptive optics kinematic data of the ultra-compact dwarf galaxy M60-UCD1 that show a central velocity dispersion peak exceeding 100 kilometres per second and modest rotation are reported, implying a large population of previously unrecognized supermassive black holes in other ultra-Compact dwarf galaxies.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the possibility that these apparently elevated dynamical mass-to-light (M/L) ratios of UCDs are caused by a central black hole (BH) that heats up the internal motion of stars.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the possibility that these elevated M/L ratios are caused by a central black hole (BH), heating up the internal motion of stars, and they found that on average, central BH masses of 10-15% of the UCD mass can explain these elevated dynamical mass-to-light ratios.

TL;DR: In this paper, supermassive black holes were detected in two Virgo ultracompact dwarf galaxies (UCDs), VUCD3 and M59cO, using adaptive optics assisted data from the Gemini/NIFS instrument.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the distant outer halo globular cluster Palomar 14 as a test case for classical versus modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) and determined the line-of-sight velocity dispersion of the cluster by measuring radial velocities of 17 red giant cluster members obtained using the Very Large Telescope and Keck telescope.