R. Kokkola

TL;DR: Results indicate that, like other cytokine mediators of endotoxin lethality (e.g., TNF and IL-1), extracellular HMG-1 is a regulator of monocyte proinflammatory cytokine synthesis.

TL;DR: HMGB1 has the potential to induce a proinflammatory phenotype in Mφ, with RAGE as the major activation‐inducing receptor.

TL;DR: Systemic administration of anti-HMGB-1 antibodies or A-box protein significantly reduced the mean arthritis score, the disease-induced weight loss, and the histologic severity of arthritis.

TL;DR: Results indicate that a proinflammatory domain of HMGB1 maps to the highly conserved DNA-binding B box, making this primary sequence a suitable target in the design of therapeutics.

TL;DR: The proinflammatory mediator HMGB-1 was abundantly expressed as a nuclear, cytoplasmic, and extracellular component in synovial tissues from RA patients and from rats with experimental arthritis, suggesting a pathogenetic role for HMGB -1 insynovitis and indicate a new potential therapeutic target molecule.