Showing papers by "Rahul Sharma published in 2023"

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries.

Abstract: BACKGROUND Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. METHODS This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low-middle-income countries. RESULTS In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of 'single-use' consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low-middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. CONCLUSION This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high- and low-middle-income countries.

Secure Floating-Point Training

Abstract: Secure 2-party computation (2PC) of floating-point arithmetic is improving in performance and recent work runs deep learning algorithms with it, while being as numerically precise as commonly used machine learning (ML) frameworks like PyTorch. We find that the existing 2PC libraries for floating-point support generic computations and lack specialized support for ML training. Hence, their latency and communication costs for compound operations (e.g., dot products) are high. We provide novel specialized 2PC protocols for compound operations and prove their precision using numerical analysis. Our implementation B EACON outperforms state-of-the-art libraries for 2PC of floating-point by over 6 × .

Upconverted Nanophosphors for Increasing Efficiency in a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell

Abstract: Upconverting nanoparticles has a significant potential to enhance solar cell efficiency as a “spectral converter”. Here, we report a phase pure, cubic, upconverting BaGdF5:Er/Yb-doped nanocrystal accessible via ionic liquids that are combined with TiO2 to apply as the absorption layer in a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) as a potential technology to harvest solar energy. Bright-green (520 and 540 nm) and red (665 nm) emissions were observed due to transitions of 2H11/2 + 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 and 4F9/2 → 4I15/2, respectively. The experimental data for 540 and 665 nm emission bands of BaGdF5:Er3+/Yb3+ nanoparticles have been fitted with a straight line with a slope of ∼2, which confirms the two-photon absorption process. It is also found that not only the overall upconversion intensity but also the IG/IR ratio has a significant effect on device efficiency. Under 1 sun illumination, cells fabricated with the BaGdF5:Er3+(1%)/Yb3+(10%)/TiO2 absorption layer showed the highest photon conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.75% with current density Jsc = 15.9 mA/cm2. However, when only TiO2 is used as the absorption layer, a much lesser PCE of 4.60% along with Jsc = 9.6 mA/cm2 is obtained. Almost a 68.47% enhancement in photon conversion efficiency and a significant increase in current density (Jsc) (65.62%) for the BaGdF5:Er3+(1%)/Yb3+(10%)/TiO2-based device compared to the bare TiO2 cells promise the potential use of upconverting materials as a spectral converter in the DSSC and other solar cell devices.

Au decorated WO3-SnO2 nanocomposite for enhanced benzene vapors sensing performance

Abstract: In this present work, we synthesized WO3-SnO2 and Au decorated WO3-SnO2 nanocomposite by hydrothermal method. The optical characterization has been done by UV/Vis spectroscopy to determine the band gap (Eg) of pure and gold (Au) decorated WO3-SnO2 which shows a reduction in Eg value from 3.56 to 3.03 eV after addition of Au in WO3-SnO2 which improves the crystallinity of WO3-SnO2 . Fourier transformed Infra red (FTIR) spectroscopy has been used to confirm the chemical bonding between Au and WO3-SnO2 nanocomposite. The x-ray Diffraction (XRD) technique was used to study the structural aspects of prepared materials which shows the decrease in crystallite size from 8 to 6.7 nm after addition of Au in pure sample. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) has been used to investigate morphological characteristics of as prepared nanocomposite. The doping of Au was further confirmed by Energy-Dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) technique. The sensing properties have been studied from the I–V measurement of WO3-SnO2/Au nanocomposite for Benzene. The sensing parameters such as sensitivity (response), operating temperature and response and recovery time were calculated for benzene vapors. The addition of Au in WO3-SnO2 increases its response to 2.7 times for 100 ppm benzene with a reduction in response/recovery time from 18/50 s to 13/29 s. The operating temperature was 300 °C. Further, the material is highly selective for benzene as compared to cyclohexane, toluene and aniline.

Orca: FSS-based Secure Training with GPUs

Abstract: —Secure Two-party Computation (2PC) allows two parties to compute any function on their private inputs without revealing their inputs in the clear to each other. Since 2PC is known to have notoriously high overheads, one of the most popular computation models is that of 2PC with a trusted dealer, where a trusted dealer provides correlated randomness (independent of any input) to both parties during a preprocessing phase. Recent works construct efficient 2PC protocols in this model based on the cryptographic technique of function secret sharing (FSS). We build an end-to-end system O RCA to accelerate the computation of FSS-based 2PC protocols with GPUs. Next, we observe that the main performance bottleneck in such accelerated protocols is in storage (due to the large amount of correlated randomness), and we design new FSS-based 2PC cryptographic protocols for several key functionalities in ML which reduce storage by up to 5 × . Compared to prior state-of-the-art on secure training accelerated with GPUs in the same computation model (P IRANHA , Usenix Security 2022), we show that O RCA has 4% higher accuracy, 123 × lesser communication, and is 19 × faster on CIFAR-10. I. I NTRODUCTION

Association of social vulnerability on survival, treatment, and presentation in oral cavity cancer.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE This study utilized a population database to investigate how social environments are associated with outcomes including stage at diagnosis, multimodal treatment, and disease-specific survival for oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas. METHODS Retrospective analysis of adults with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma between 2007 and 2016 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results (SEER) registry was performed. The CDC's social vulnerability index (SVI) was used to characterize social vulnerability at the county level. Predictors of disease-specific survival, stage at diagnosis, and use of multimodal therapy were identified using Cox regression and logistic regression. RESULTS Our analysis included 17 043 patients. On adjusted models, patients in the highest SVI quartile (most social vulnerability) exhibited worse disease-specific survival compared to the lowest quartile (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.12-1.37, p < 0.001), and were more likely to be diagnosed at later stages (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.11-1.38, p < 0.001) and less likely to receive multimodal therapy (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.77-0.99, p = 0.037). CONCLUSION High social vulnerability was associated with worse disease-specific survival and disease presentation in oral cavity cancer patients.

National Trends of Otolaryngology Involvement in Cleft Surgical Management over 10-Years.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE Surgical management of cleft lip/palate and cleft rhinoplasty have historically been performed by plastic surgeons. No study has addressed temporal trends in cleft-associated surgeries. This study assesses trends in cleft surgical management and complications in a national database. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric database from 2012 to 2021. Patients receiving cleft lip and/or palate repair were isolated using CPT codes. A subset receiving cleft rhinoplasty was also analyzed. The yearly proportion of otolaryngologists compared to general plastic surgeons performing surgeries was noted. Regression analysis was used to identify trends and predictors of management by OHNS. RESULTS We identified 46,618 cases of cleft repair, of which 15.6% (N = 7,255) underwent repair with otolaryngology. On univariate Pearson correlation analysis, neither cleft rhinoplasties performed by OHNS over time (R = 0.371, 95% CI -0.337 to 0.811, p = 0.2907) nor all cases (R = -0.26, -0.76 to 0.44, p = 0.465) exhibited a significant change. On multivariable regression, the operative year was not associated with being treated by otolaryngology (p = 0.826) for all cleft cases but was associated with such in cleft rhinoplasties (OR 1.04, 1.01-1.08, p = 0.024). On multivariable analysis, the operative year was correlated with a higher rate of complications overall (OR 1.04, 1.01-1.07, p = 0.002). Surgeon specialty was not associated with complication rates. CONCLUSIONS In the last 10 years, no change in the proportion of cleft lip/palate repair performed by OHNS was observed. Otolaryngologists are performing more cleft rhinoplasty but at a marginal rate. Otolaryngologists also manage more complex patients with multiple comorbidities compared to their colleagues. Complication rates have increased overall regardless of surgeon specialty, warranting further investigation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III Laryngoscope, 2023.

Percutaneous Bailout Technique for Trapping an Embolized Valve During Valve-in-Valve TAVR.

Abstract: A complex 15-year treatment history of a 75-year-old man with New York Heart Association class III symptoms is presented via images and video. His treatment history was noteworthy of bicuspid aortic valve (AV) and a ventricular septal defect (VSD), for which he had an AV replacement and VSD closure in 2005. In 2015, he underwent redo AV replacement and root reconstruction. Echocardiography demonstrated severe bioprosthetic AV stenosis and moderate AV regurgitation. Valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement with a Sentinel cerebral protection device was recommended. Pre-operative computed tomography scan showed dilated aortic root and descending aorta with evidence of pseudocoarcta- tion. This case highlights the need for multidisciplinary team approach and the in-depth knowledge of various devices and techniques available.

Ultrafast Charge Transfer Mechanism in Van der Waals Heterostructures of Topological Insulators with 2D Materials

Abstract: Hybridizing topological materials (TM) with two-dimensional (2D) materials has resulted in interesting structures, such as van der Waals heterostructures (vdW), having potential in optoelectronics. However, the performance of devices made out of such structures relies on the charge carrier interactions among the layers, which establishes the basic trade-off between the kinetically controlled charge carrier dynamics at the interface and the performance of vdW-based devices. In this perspective, three vdW are fabricated using a wet transfer technique, and the structures are probed to study the charge carrier and phonon dynamics among the TM (a few layered Bi2Te3) and 2D systems. The three different vdW fabricated in this article are graphene/Bi2Te3 (G/BT), fluorographene/Bi2Te3 (FG/BT), and monolayer MoS2/Bi2Te3 (MS/BT). Raman spectroscopy establishes the formation of all of these vdW and indicates the occurrence of the charge transfer (CT) phenomenon among them, which is further probed using ultrafast pump–probe spectroscopy. The charge carrier and phonon dynamics reveal the presence of the occurrence of the CT mechanism in all of the vdW. These spectra are further used to model the bands between different types of heterointerfaces, such as the Schottky junction between graphene and Bi2Te3 and the type II heterojunction between FG/BT and MS/BT. With the help of band alignment and charge carrier and phonon dynamics studies presented, a unique CT mechanism and excitonic peak tunability in vdW are proven, where such information is essential in developing highly sensitive optoelectronic and spintronic devices

Enhanced Acetone Sensing Based on Group-11 Metal (Cu, Ag, and Au) Nanoparticles Embedded in Graphitic Carbon Nitride (gCN)

Abstract: In this work, a group-11 metal nanoparticle-embedded, graphitic carbon nitride-based, resistive-type sensor was developed for room temperature acetone sensing. We synthesized pure and group-11 transition metal (Cu, Ag and Au) nanoparticles embedded in graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) by thermal polycondensation and chemical reduction methods. The synthesized material was characterized using UV/visspectroscopy, FTIRspectroscopy, XRD, HRTEM, FESEM, and EDS techniques. Sensing properties such as response, response/recovery time, selectivity, and stability were calculated. This study confirms that Ag/gCN is the best material for room temperature sensing of acetone compared to Cu/gCN, Au/gCN, and pure gCN. The response of Ag/gCN for 20 ppm acetone at room temperature is 28%. The response/recovery time is 42.05/37.09 s. Moreover, the response of Ag/gCN is stable for 10 days.

Evaluation of seminal fructose and citric acid levels in infertile males and its correlation with body mass index (bmi) in population of jammu and kashmir

Abstract: Introduction:30-35% of total population in Jammu and Kashmir reportedly has infertility problem which can be related to many factors. Overweight and obesity is one such factor which have a negative effect on fertility. It is generally assumed that obese patients have higher fat content in semen samples and that higher BMI value alters the level of reproductive hormones. Materials and methods: 150subjects (100 infertile as test and 50 fertile subjects as controls) were taken after taking proper consent. Sample was collected by the criteria laid down by WHO 2010. Results:In this study, the sperm count was found as 56.57 ± 8.47 in fertile and 15.8 ± 2.85 in infertile subjects. The fructose levels for controls and test were found out to be 108.29±2.97 and 92.68±3.75. And the citric acid levels are 36.70 ±1.65 and 42.16±1.22 in control and test respectively. Conclusion: In our study conducted in the population of Jammu and Kashmir, it has been found that increase BMI value has a significant relation with infertility.

Triple-Entry Accounting (TEA) and Blockchain Implementation in Accounting and Finance - A Survey

Abstract: Accounting practices are based on their underlying accounting principles, and currently, the Double-Entry Accounting (DEA) is used in both manual and computer-based Accounting Information Systems (AIS). DEA has been used for centuries according to the rules that were set when it was invented. At this stage, there is no further room to expand its functionality, but a logical expansion of DEA is possible. This new dimension is called Triple-Entry bookkeeping in which a third accounting entry is passed in a shared ledger that is distributed in nature and publicly visible. Similarly, Blockchain is a form of shared ledger distributed on a peer-to-peer network, and all transactions in the ledger are available to view. Blockchain emerged in 2008 as an underlying record-keeping and data storage technology for Bitcoin. It is believed that TEA is the idea behind the Blockchain. In this research study, we review the evolution of TEA and Blockchain from the existing academic literature, and the findings of the study will deepen the researchers' understanding of these two concepts and help them identify new opportunities.

Tungsten Disulfide Wrapped WO3 Based Thin Film Transparent Electrode Material for Electrochromic Device Application

Abstract: We report the detailed investigation of tungsten disulfide (WS2) wrapped tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanocomposites as electrode materials for electrochromic devices. The WS2/WO3 nanocomposite was prepared by exfoliation of WS2 in WO3, where WO3 was prepared by acidic co-precipitation technique. X-ray diffraction spectra were used to study the structural properties of the prepared materials. The results show that agglomeration due to pinning of grain boundaries by WS2 leads to an increase in the crystallite size of the nanocomposites, confirming the formation of WS2/WO3. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution tunnelling electron microscpy were used to study the nanocomposites morphology. The results show that the relative distribution of nanoparticles is more uniform compared to WO3 after the addition of WS2. The shape of WO3 changes from spherical to square nanosheets with good dispersion. The electrochemical properties of the prepared samples were investigated by chronoamperometry, charge/discharge ,and cyclic voltammetry. The lower peak separation between oxidation and reduction resulted from the fact that the peaks of the anodic and cathodic current densities of the nanocomposite (WS2/WO3) were shifted more to higher and lower potentials, respectively. This suggests faster charge transfer kinetics. UV/Vis spectroscopy was used to investigate the electrochromic and optical properties of the fabricated ECDs. The WS2/WO3-based ECDs exhibit a high colouring efficiency of 61 cm2C-1. The study shows that ECDs based on WS2/WO3 exhibit better electrochromic performance compared to WO3 ECDs

Smartphone Position Tracking Using GNSS

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to estimate smartphones’ location which support services that demand lane-level precision like high-occupancy vehicle (HOV), lane Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) estimation. We focus on developing a model based on raw location measurements collected in an open sky and light urban roads using datasets collected by hosts from Android smartphones. The application of mobile devices for most software products built for services such as cadastral surveying, mapping surveying applications, and navigation has been increasing due to the cost-effectiveness of GNSS smartphones. This paper aims to bridge the link between the geospatial information of detailed human behavior and the smartphone internet with improved granularity. It fixes the issue with the GNSS/INS integrated navigation system’s degrading data accuracy during an GNSS signal outage. We aim to improve the currently used GNSS/INS integration algorithm built on the AI approach. The position of a vehicle during a GNSS loss can be predicted utilizing a GNSS/INS integration methodology for land vehicle navigation based on position update architecture (PUA) employing LightGBM regression. It models the connection between INS data and changes in vehicle location using LightGBM

Differences in Patient Characteristics and Spending Among Individuals Undergoing Gender-Affirming Rhinoplasty in the United States from 2016 to 2019.

Abstract: Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic MedicineAhead of Print Differences in Patient Characteristics and Spending Among Individuals Undergoing Gender-Affirming Rhinoplasty in the United States from 2016 to 2019Rishub Karan Das, Rahul K. Sharma, Salam Al Kassis, Brian C. Drolet, Galen Perdikis, and Priyesh N. PatelRishub Karan Das*Address correspondence to: Rishub Karan Das, BA, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37212, USA. E-mail Address: rishub.das@vanderbilt.eduhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7368-7769Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.Search for more papers by this author, Rahul K. Sharmahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3120-6194Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.Search for more papers by this author, Salam Al KassisDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.Search for more papers by this author, Brian C. DroletDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.Search for more papers by this author, Galen PerdikisDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.Search for more papers by this author, and Priyesh N. Patelhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5850-2172Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:10 Jan 2023https://doi.org/10.1089/fpsam.2022.0315AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextSupplemental MaterialPDF/EPUBView Supplemental Data Permissions & CitationsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail View articleFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 0Issue 0 InformationCopyright 2023, American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inc.To cite this article:Rishub Karan Das, Rahul K. Sharma, Salam Al Kassis, Brian C. Drolet, Galen Perdikis, and Priyesh N. Patel.Differences in Patient Characteristics and Spending Among Individuals Undergoing Gender-Affirming Rhinoplasty in the United States from 2016 to 2019.Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine.ahead of printhttp://doi.org/10.1089/fpsam.2022.0315Online Ahead of Print:January 10, 2023PDF download

Enhanced Photocatalytic Applications of Chitosan Encapsulated Silver Sulphide Quantum Dots

Abstract: This study explores the synthesis, properties, and applications of chitosan-encapsulated silver sulphide (Ag2S) quantum dots (QDs) for biological applications. The investigation focuses on the fluctuations in the physico-chemical characteristics of chitosan Ag2S QDs, which can be carefully studied due to their environmental activity. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements reveal that chitosan-coated Ag2S QDs exhibit higher-intensity peaks. The XRD analysis reports a range of crystallite sizes, with a minimum size of 8 nm and a maximum size of 12 nm. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirms the presence of chitosan through the detection of functional group peaks. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) studies indicate that the size of the artificial quantum dots is 6 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) verifies the composition of chitosan-encapsulated Ag2S QDs. Moreover, the chitosan Ag2S quantum dots demonstrate exceptional photocatalytic activity, as evidenced by the degradation of 92% of methylene blue dye within one hour. This research provides valuable insights into the synthesis, properties, and potential applications of chitosan-encapsulated Ag2S quantum dots in diverse fields.

Evaluation of semen sample parameters in male infertile subjects and its correlation withy chromosome microdeletion in population of doda city, jammu and kashmir

Abstract: Introduction: More than half of reproductive difficulties cannot be attributed to female characteristics. A number of illnesses and conditions that may have an impact on male fertility have been found via recent research. A number of underlying diseases and health issues, as well as environmental variables, may contribute to male infertility. For a sexually active couple, infertility is diagnosed after a year of unsuccessful attempting to conceive. Infertility affects around 19% of couples who have trouble conceiving. Any and all racial and ethnic groups may feel at home within these parameters. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 100 infertile patients and 50 fertile subjects were use as controls. The sample will be obtained by masturbation and ejaculated into a clean and proper labeled, wide-mouthed container made of glass or plastic according to the rules laid down by WHO. Result and Conclusion: The sperm count in infertile and fertile subjects were 15.8 ± 2.85 and 56.57 ± 8.47 respectively, Motility 37.6±1.8and 54.4 ±1.8, volume 2±0.8 and 2.6±0.1, viability 53.7±1.4 and 66±1.2. Out of 100 infertile patients 5 percent subjects had Y chromosomal microdeletions (5 samples of 100).

Presbycusis and Hearing Preservation in Observed Vestibular Schwannomas.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE We reviewed a cohort of patients with untreated sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS) and examined the relationship between high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL) in the non-VS ear and long-term hearing outcomes in the VS-affected ear. We hypothesized that the progression of HFHL is associated with accelerated hearing decline in sporadic VS. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Tertiary center. PATIENTS We studied 102 patients with sporadic VS diagnosed from 1999 to 2015 with ≥5 years of observation (median, 6.92; interquartile range, 5.85-9.29). Sixty-six patients had AAO-HNS class A/B hearing at presentation and were included in analysis. INTERVENTIONS Audiometry, serial magnetic resonance imaging for observation of VS. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Four-frequency pure tone average (PTA) and word recognition scores (WRS) in the VS-affected ear. Decline in high-frequency PTA (average of thresholds at 4000, 6000, and 8,000 Hz) was defined as ≥10 dB during the study period. Decline in WRS was defined as ≥10%. RESULTS Compared with those without, patients with progressive HFHL in the non-VS ear were more likely to experience a decline in WRS in the VS ear (80% vs. 54%, p = 0.031). However, the same group showed no difference (52% vs. 41%, p = 0.40) in decline in PTA of the VS ear. CONCLUSIONS Patients with observed VS who experience progressive HFHL in the non-VS ear are more likely to experience significant declines in speech understanding in the VS-affected ear over time. Patients with a history of presbycusis may have an increased risk of losing serviceable hearing because of sporadic VS.

Effect of organic nutrient sources on the yield, nutrient uptake and nodulation in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) under mid-hill conditions of Western Himalayas

Abstract: Cowpea is kharif pulse grown mostly under rainfed conditions. It acts as a major protein source with 25 per cent content. Cowpea besides fixing atmospheric nitrogen continues to produce under harsh conditions such as low moisture and nutrient supply, which makes it a suitable candidate for dryland conditions. A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2019 at Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Palampur to study the effect of organic nutrient sources on yield levels, nodulation, nutrient content and uptake of cowpea. Organic nutrient sources include farmyard manure, vermicompost, vermiwash, Bijamrita, Jiwamrita and Ghanajiwamrita can be prepared using on-farm inputs at a reasonable cost. These nutrient sources supply nutrients at a steady rate and in fewer amounts than inorganic fertilizers. The prime role of such organic sources is to sustain the soil ecosystems for longer functioning. The results of the experiment revealed that T5 [Farm yard manure (10 t/ha) + Ghanajiwamrita at sowing (250 kg/ha)] was most effective and resulted in significantly higher yield level (grain yield -10.71 q/ha, straw yield - 53.14 q/ha and biological yield - 63.84 q/ha), nodulation (number of nodules - 31.7 per plant and weight of nodules - 0.47 g/plant), nutrient content (N- 3.54%, P - 0.41% and K - 1.36%) and uptake (N -141.08 kg/ha, P -19.86 kg/ha and K - 112.34 kg/ha) in cowpea