Showing papers by "Rakesh Malik published in 2013"

Selection and placement of decoupling capacitors in high speed systems

Abstract: The Power Integrity problem for high speed systems is discussed in context of selection and placement of decoupling capacitors. Power Integrity is maintained by damping the cavity mode peaks at resonant frequencies using decoupling capacitors. This article focuses on damping cavity mode effects in power delivery networks by the particle swarm optimization technique. The s-parameter data of power plane geometry and capacitors are used for the accurate analysis including bulk capacitors and VRM, for a real world problem. The optimal capacitors and their locations on the board are found using the presented methodology, which can be used for similar power delivery networks in high speed systems.

Ready-mix formulation of clodinafop-propargyl + metsulfuron-methyl against complex weed flora in wheat

Abstract: Bio-efficacy of ready-mix formulation of clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron-methyl 1% WP was studied against complex weed flora in wheat during 2006–07 and 2007–08 at Hisar, India. Among different herbicidal treatments, clodinafop 0.06 kg/ha was found very effective (95–98%) only against grassy weeds. Metsulfuron 0.004 kg/ha was effective (88–90%) only against broad-leaf weeds. Sequential application of clodinafop 0.06 kg fb metsulfuron 0.004 kg/ha being statistically at par with clodinafoppropargyl + metsulfuron-methyl at 0.06 + 0.004 kg/ha and above proved very effective against complex weed flora and the control of grassy and broad-leaved weeds to the extent of 95%. clodinafop-propargyl + metsulfuron-methyl being at par with clodinafop fb metsulfuron 0.06 and 0.004 kg/ha recorded the number of spikes, 1000-grain weight and grain yield of wheat statistically similar to that of weed free check. There was no additional gain in grain yield of wheat by using higher doses of clodinafop-propargyl + metsulfuron-methyl beyond 0.06 + 0.004 kg/ha. Weeds allowed growing throughout the crop seasons resulted into 42.9 and 45.1% reduction in the grain yield of wheat during 2006–07 and 2007–08, respectively. There was no residual impact of clodinafop-propargyl + metsulfuron-methyl at x dose (0.06+ 0.004 kg/ha) and 2x dose (0.12 + 0.008 kg/ha) on succeeding crops of sorghum and moongbean. HPLC analysis indicated that there were no residues of clodinafop-propargyl + metsulfuron-methyl (x and 2x doses) at wheat harvest in soil, grains and straw. There was also no adverse effect of herbicides on physico-chemical properties of soil.

Design of planar ebg structures using cuckoo search algorithm for power/ground noise suppression

Abstract: This paper deals with the application of a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm, namely the Cuckoo Search Algorithm in design of the electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structures. These EBG structures are employed for the purpose of suppressing power/ground noise in printed circuit boards. A design example of 2D planar EBG structure in the specifled frequency band is presented and implemented. The measured results are found to be in good agreement with the simulation as well as the analytical results.

Mitigating the impact of sinusoidal jitter and duty cycle distortion on random jitter estimation by Tailfit algorithm

Abstract: Random jitter (RJ) estimation based on Tail Fit algorithm are generally inaccurate in presence of deterministic components like the presence of sinusoidal jitter (SJ) and duty cycle distortion (DCD). Addition of deterministic jitter changes the standard deviation of the tail region of resulting jitter probability density function. A new methodology for random jitter estimation in presence of sinusoidal jitter and duty cycle distortion is presented. The method involves calculation of mathematical correction factor, which are derived and used to calculate the precise value of random jitter. The proposed methodology is validated by inducing known jitter sources in real channel simulator of ADS from Agilent.

A novel EBG structure with super-wideband suppression of simultaneous switching noise in high speed circuits

Abstract: A novel uniplanar electromagnetic band-gap structure to maintain power integrity by suppressing simultaneous switching noise (SSN) is presented. The EBG structure with stopband from 750 MHz to 5.10 GHz is designed, fabricated and validated using network analyzer. Simulation results are verified by measurements and compared with the earlier published structures. Suppression of resonant cavity modes of power plane by EBG structure is also shown. The adoption of EBG structure in power deliver network is recommended to reduce the high frequency noise coupling between neighboring devices. These structures further help in better EMI/EMC compliance of the product by attenuating the propagation of high frequency noise between devices. The EBG structure usage can be on board, package or at die level.

Power Integrity analysis and discrete optimization of decoupling capacitors on high speed power planes by particle swarm optimization

Abstract: Power Integrity problem for a high speed power plane is discussed in context of selection and placement of decoupling capacitors. The s-parameters data of power plane geometry and capacitors are used for the accurate analysis including bulk capacitors and VRM, for a real world problem. The optimal capacitors and their optimum locations on the board are found using particle swarm optimization. A novel and accurate methodology is presented which can be used for any high speed Power delivery Network.

A novel EBG power plane structure for suppressing SSN in high speed systems

Abstract: A novel uniplanar electromagnetic band-gap structure to maintain power integrity by suppressing simultaneous switching noise is presented. The proposed EBG structure is having stop-band from 600 MHz to 5.3 GHz and can be used as power plane in high speed systems for minimizing the power noise. Suppression of resonant cavity modes of power plane by EBG structure is shown. Simulation results are verified by measurements and compared with the earlier published structures.