There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/5610941/5624686/05624745.pdf

Power electronics

The use of microbial fuel cells to generate electrical current is increasingly being seen as a viable source of renewable energy production In this Progress article, Bruce Logan highlights recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms used by exoelectrogenic bacteria to generate electrical current and the important factors to consider in microbial fuel cell design There has been an increase in recent years in the number of reports of microorganisms that can generate electrical current in microbial fuel cells Although many new strains have been identified, few strains individually produce power densities as high as strains from mixed communities Enriched anodic biofilms have generated power densities as high as 69 W per m2 (projected anode area), and therefore are approaching theoretical limits To understand bacterial versatility in mechanisms used for current generation, this Progress article explores the underlying reasons for exocellular electron transfer, including cellular respiration and possible cell–cell communication

Exoelectrogenic bacteria that power microbial fuel cells

Solar Engineering Of Thermal Processes

Solar Energy: Advancements and Challenges

The unpredictability of solar and wind energy sources affects contemporary power networks and adds frequency variations. An appropriate intelligent controller is necessary to balance electricity between generation and demand. As a result, in this research, we present a sine-cosine adaptive improved equilibrium optimization (SCaIEO) method tuned to Adaptive Type 2 Fuzzy PID Controller (AT2FPID) for frequency management of cutting-edge power systems. The efficiency of the SCaIEO approach is assessed by comparing it to the original equilibrium optimization (EO) and other comparable algorithms for the test function. Moreover, engineering applications of the SCaIEO technique are carried out by constructing an AT2FPID controller to manage the frequency of power systems that include renewable energy and dispersed sources. First, we show that SCaIEO outperforms EO, Particle Swarm Optimization, Genetic Algorithm, Moth Flame Optimization, and Gravitational Search Algorithm in the PID controller (Gravity Search Algorithm). The AT2FPID is next evaluated, and the SCaIEO AT2FPID controller’s dominance is proven by equating the outcome to the original, PID Type 1 Fuzzy PID, Type 2 Fuzzy PID controller. 

Frequency Control of Power System with Distributed Sources by Adaptive Type 2 Fuzzy PID Controller

The transportation sector is a big source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It is responsible for about 20% of all carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the world, and most of those emissions come from road transportation. The development of greater efficiency vehicles with much reduced fuel consumption and GHG emissions is critical for vehicle electrification and a sustainable transportation system. Electric vehicles (EVs) offer higher energy efficiency than internal combustion engines and emit no CO2 during operation. For future vehicle electrification, cost-effective electric powertrain options are required. The current state of development of two major components of the EV powertrain: motors and drives, is introduced in this editorial.

Integrated motor drive for vehicle electrification: a step toward a more sustainable and efficient transportation system


 In this study, the advanced topologies of a DC–DC converter for applications involving the harvesting of solar energy are discussed. This work’s primary contribution is a guide for choosing the most effective topology for a DC–DC converter when developing solar energy collection systems. Several topologies of a DC–DC converter for solar energy harvesting applications are compared in terms of the range of power levels they can oversee, the complexity of the underlying hardware, the cost of implementation, the tracking efficiency and the overall efficiency of the converter. This article explains five innovative approaches for adapting boost converters to function as standard DC–DC converters to capture solar energy, consisting of (i) voltage-multiplier cell, (2) coupled inductor, (3) coupled inductor and switch capacitor, (4) cascaded topology and (5) voltage-lift technique. Because of the boost converter’s restrictions, it is necessary to deliver high performance. The comparison findings demonstrate that the voltage-lift-based boost-converter topology performs more effectively than the alternatives. In conclusion, the information presented in this paper can be utilized when developing solar energy collection systems to determine the sort of direct current to direct current converter that will be most effective.

/pdf/advanced-dc-dc-converter-topologies-for-solar-energy-15pae85v.pdf

Advanced DC–DC converter topologies for solar energy harvesting applications: a review

Loss of synchronization (LOS) in case of synchronous reference frame based phase-locked loop (SRFPLL) affects the low voltage ride-through performance of grid-connected power converters. To avoid this issue, this paper proposes a hybrid grid synchronization technique that includes two frequency and two phase-angle estimators. It uses the frequency and phase-angle estimation by the SRFPLL during normal grid operation and switches to the arctangent based phase-angle and corresponding frequency estimation in the αβ-frame during grid faults. To avoid sudden mode transfer between these estimators a common transition algorithm is proposed as well, which is controlled by the phase-angle difference between them. The proposed hybrid grid synchronization transition is implemented in the frequency dependent proportional and resonant current controller of the converter. The controller is run with the low voltage ride-through strategy during the faults. It is observed that the converter having the proposed grid synchronization technique provides robust current controller performance as the fast tracking of grid current on the fault inception and recovery.

Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban

Papers

Solar Energy: Advancements and Challenges

Frequency Control of Power System with Distributed Sources by Adaptive Type 2 Fuzzy PID Controller

Integrated motor drive for vehicle electrification: a step toward a more sustainable and efficient transportation system

Advanced DC–DC converter topologies for solar energy harvesting applications: a review

Improved Low Voltage Ride-Through Performance of Single-phase Power Converters using Hybrid Grid Synchronization