Seth T. Walk

TL;DR: A healthy gut phageome (HGP) was discovered, and it is found that the HGP is significantly decreased in individuals with gastrointestinal disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease), revealing a large community of human gut bacteriophages that likely contribute to maintaining human health.

TL;DR: The genome sequences of nine environmentally adapted strains are reported that are phenotypically and taxonomically indistinguishable from typical E. coli (commensal or pathogenic), but the commensal genomes encode for more functions that are important for fitness in the human gut, and hence do not evolve according to the recently proposed fragmented speciation model.

TL;DR: These data support the concept that helminth infection shifts the composition of intestinal bacteria, and members of the bacterial family Lactobacillaceae significantly increased in abundance in the ileum of infected mice reproducibly in two independent experiments.

TL;DR: A novel role of indole metabolites in anti-inflammatory pathways mediated by epithelial IL-10 signaling is defined and possible avenues for utilizing indoles as novel therapeutics in mucosal disease are identified.

TL;DR: Evidence that Escherichia fergusonii has evolved at an accelerated rate compared to E. coli is found, suggesting that this species is younger than estimated by the molecular clock method.