There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Room-temperature ultraviolet lasing in semiconductor nanowire arrays has been demonstrated The self-organized, oriented zinc oxide nanowires grown on sapphire substrates were synthesized with a simple vapor transport and condensation process These wide band-gap semiconductor nanowires form natural laser cavities with diameters varying from 20 to 150 nanometers and lengths up to 10 micrometers Under optical excitation, surface-emitting lasing action was observed at 385 nanometers, with an emission linewidth less than 03 nanometer The chemical flexibility and the one-dimensionality of the nanowires make them ideal miniaturized laser light sources These short-wavelength nanolasers could have myriad applications, including optical computing, information storage, and microanalysis

Room-temperature ultraviolet nanowire nanolasers

Many studies have shown how pigments and internal nanostructures generate color in nature. External surface structures can also influence appearance, such as by causing multiple scattering of light (structural absorption) to produce a velvety, super black appearance. Here we show that feathers from five species of birds of paradise (Aves: Paradisaeidae) structurally absorb incident light to produce extremely low-reflectance, super black plumages. Directional reflectance of these feathers (0.05-0.31%) approaches that of man-made ultra-absorbent materials. SEM, nano-CT, and ray-tracing simulations show that super black feathers have titled arrays of highly modified barbules, which cause more multiple scattering, resulting in more structural absorption, than normal black feathers. Super black feathers have an extreme directional reflectance bias and appear darkest when viewed from the distal direction. We hypothesize that structurally absorbing, super black plumage evolved through sensory bias to enhance the perceived brilliance of adjacent color patches during courtship display.

/pdf/structural-absorption-by-barbule-microstructures-of-super-14ugi5c1g5.pdf

Structural absorption by barbule microstructures of super black bird of paradise feathers

Kontrastmittel Eine allgemeine Strategie für die Entwicklung von bioorthogonalen fluorogenen Tetrazinsonden im fernen Rot- und nahen Infrarotbereich wird von Xiaogang Liu, Haoxing Wu et al. in ihrer Zuschrift vorgestellt (e202117386). 

Frontispiz: Overcoming Spectral Dependence: A General Strategy for Developing Far‐Red and Near‐Infrared Ultra‐Fluorogenic Tetrazine Bioorthogonal Probes

Knowledge related to photochemistry has been gradually introduced as a part of chemistry courses at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. However, due to their complex conceptual principles, limited class time, and tedious experimental setup and methodologies, students tend to encounter difficulties in understanding the concepts and comprehending the applications of fluorescence in their daily lives. Hence, developing effective multidisciplinary approaches to help students understand such intricate and complicated concepts remains a focus for most chemistry educators. In this study, we demonstrated the introduction of the excitation–emission matrix and how it can be used to monitor the effect of thermal treatment on different olive oils via the fluorescence fingerprinting method. The heating effect on the fluorescent properties of three olive oils, including extra virgin olive oil, refined olive oil, and blended olive oil, was discussed in a multidisciplinary approach that incorporates mathematical analyses. A speed-reading-based informative questionnaire survey was also conducted on students to investigate whether this method was effective in aiding students to better understand the physical significance of the excitation–emission matrix and its relevance to their daily lives. The acceptability and extensibility of this method were further evaluated by the student’s performance in this survey. 

An Oily Endeavor: Teaching Excitation–Emission Matrix Using the Fluorescence Fingerprints of Olive Oils

Fermented foods, which have emerged fortuitously over the course of human development, have become an essential part of human history worldwide [...].

/pdf/microbiological-safety-and-quality-of-fermented-products-1dn1de5g.pdf

Microbiological Safety and Quality of Fermented Products

This study aimed to determine potential risk factors for post-laminoplasty kyphosis and the effect of postoperative kyphosis on neurologic function recovery.A total of 266 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) underwent traditional cervical laminoplasty with a minimum of a 12-month follow-up period. The patients were divided into non-kyphosis (NK group) and kyphosis (K group) groups based on the postoperative C2-7 Cobb angle. Clinical and radiological measurements were collected preoperatively and at the final follow-up.Of the 266 patients, 26 (9.77%) developed postoperative kyphosis at the final follow-up. The postoperative Japanese Orthopedic Association score did not differ significantly between the NK and K groups (P > 0.05). The postoperative numeric rating scale (NRS) also showed no significant difference between the NK and K groups; however, postoperative NRS improved better than the preoperative values in the NK group (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that the preoperative C2-7 extension Cobb angle and C2-7 Cobb angle were independent predictors of post-laminoplasty kyphosis. Cut-off values for predicting postoperative kyphosis were a C2-7 extension Cobb angle of 18.00° and a C2-7 Cobb angle of 9.30°.Low preoperative C2-7 extension Cobb angle and C2-7 Cobb angle may be associated with post-laminoplasty kyphosis in CSM patients without preoperative kyphosis. The cut-off value of the C2-7 extension Cobb angle and C2-7 Cobb angle were 18.00° and 9.30°, respectively. 

/pdf/predicting-post-laminoplasty-kyphosis-in-cervical-2tzakdik.pdf

Predicting post-laminoplasty kyphosis in cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients without preoperative kyphosis: a retrospective study

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) decorated Pd/TiO2 nanocomposites are used as a catalyst for generating H2 from HCHO solution at room temperature. The introduction of CQDs could activate the C-H bonds...

Xiaogang Liu

Papers

Frontispiz: Overcoming Spectral Dependence: A General Strategy for Developing Far‐Red and Near‐Infrared Ultra‐Fluorogenic Tetrazine Bioorthogonal Probes

An Oily Endeavor: Teaching Excitation–Emission Matrix Using the Fluorescence Fingerprints of Olive Oils

Microbiological Safety and Quality of Fermented Products

Predicting post-laminoplasty kyphosis in cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients without preoperative kyphosis: a retrospective study

CQDs Boosted Pd/TiO2 for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution via Formaldehyde Reforming