Zarana S. Patel

TL;DR: Although animal and clinical astronaut data show a significant increase in cataracts following exposure and a reassessment of atomic bomb data suggests an increase in cardiovascular disease from radiation exposure, additional research is required to fully understand and quantify these adverse outcomes at lower doses to facilitate risk prediction.

TL;DR: The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) approach was used with consultation from field experts to delineate connectivities of events specifically to cardiovascular disease (CVD) initiation and progression, and the questions and discussions needed to develop an AOP for CVD resulting from ionizing radiation (IR) exposure.

TL;DR: The use of analogs here on Earth to replicate specific aspects of the spaceflight environment are described and how analog studies support future human endeavors in space are highlighted.

TL;DR: An overview of the HRP Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Other Degenerative Tissue Effects from Radiation Exposure is presented and the existence of a dose threshold, low dose rate effects, and potential synergies with other spaceflight stressors are discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider medical countermeasures to reduce radiation-associated health risks in space-based applications, including population-based chemoprevention trials against targeted diseases, drug development efforts focused on treating acute effects from accidental radiation exposures, and drug development to mitigate side effects of radiotherapy.