Showing papers by "Aligarh Muslim University published in 1977"

Influence of Maturation on the Concentrations of RNA and DNA in the flesh of the Catfish Clarias batrachus

Abstract: Maturation of catfish Clarias batrachus (Linn.) was accompanied by steady increase in the concentration of DNA and decrease in that of RNA in the skeletal muscle. The apparent rise in DNA concentration could reflect the depletion of body tissues rather than actual synthesis.

Length-weight relationship of a carp,Labeo bata (Ham.)

Abstract: The study of length-weight relationship ofLabeo bata (Ham.) revealed that this fish did not strictly follow the cube law and the weight increases at a rate more than the cube of the length. No significant difference was noticed in the value ofn by the analysis of covariance between the fishes of different size, sex and maturity stages in a population. The equations for length-weight relationship areW=0.2821×10−5 L3·3109 for the males,W=0·3388×10−5 L3·2026 for the females,W=0·2588×10−5 L3·3832 for the juveniles andW=04·893×10−5 L3·1667 for the combined fishes.

Studies On Mononchida of India Ix. Further Division of the Genus Clarkus Jairajpuri, 1970 With Proposal of Coomansus N. Gen. ( Family Mononchidae Chitwood, 1937) and Descriptions of Two New Species

Abstract: The genus Clarkus jairajpuri, 1970 is subdivided into Clarkus (sensu stricto) represented by the type species, C. papillatus having a non-denticulate ventral ridge in the buccal cavity opposite dorsal tooth, and Coomansus n. gen. represented by C. parvus which is devoid of such a ridge. Two new species, viz., Clarkus elongatus and Coomansus indicus are described from India.

Mobility of trace elements in soils by thin layer chromatography - Part I

Abstract: Mobility of some trace elements in a soil under different conditions of leaching has been measured in terms of RF values with the help of the thin layer method of chromatography. While the iron ions were immobile in a soil of pH 8.8, the mobility of other trace elements was also seriously affected by the presence of Na2CO3. Appreciable changes also occurred in the RF values of the trace elements with the change in the nature and concentration of other leachates. Further the removal of organic matter from the soil resulted in an increase in the movement of the trace elements.

Mixed convection over a semi-infinite vertical flat plate

Abstract: The problem of mixed convection over a semi-infinite vertical flat plate is studied by the method of series truncation for both cases when buoyancy adds and opposes the main flow. The present analysis is valid from leading edge to far downstream. The solutions show that the results are very accurate over an entire flow regime spanning from pure forced convection to moderately large free convection flows. In the buoyancy dominated limit the heat transfer is underestimated by 4 percent and skin friction is overestimated by 22 percent.

Critical Reynolds Number For Orifice And Nozzle Flows In Pipes

Abstract: The critical Reynolds number at which the flow downstream of an orifice or nozzle in a pipe becomes turbulent is an important parameter as it is the demarcating point between purely laminar flow and relaminarising flow. The value of the critical Reynolds number is estimated for sharp-edged orifices, quadrant-edged orifices and long radius nozzles from indirect evidences using mean flow measurements. Different criteria are considered such as the variations of coefficient of discharge, loss coefficient, loss as percentage of piezometric head differential across the meter, and pressure recovery length downstream of the orifice. These criteria identify a range of transition Reynolds number for different orifices and nozzles. The critical orifice Reynolds number is seen to approach a constant value for low values of orifice or nozzle diameter to pipe diameter ratio. The critical Reynolds number increases gradually with increase in edge radius with the nozzle having the highest value.

On the realization of some low-component frequency generators

Abstract: Simple circuits of sinusoidal frequency generators are obtained using the frequency-dependent negative resistance (FDNR) approach. The nonideal FDNR's employed in the realizations are canonic, and use a single operational amplifier in low-gain connection. Moreover, they are shown to be easily obtained from the well-known grounded inductance simulators. The oscillators offer active and passive component saving over Genin's circuit.

β‐Ketoester — a Rearranged Product of Epoxidation of α, β‐Unsaturated Methyl Ester

Abstract: Attempted epoxidation of long-chain α,β-unsaturated esters resulted in the formation of the rearranged products of the corresponding epoxyesters. It was observed that reaction of peracids with esters of C16, C18 and C22 trans-2-enoic acids, instead of yielding the expected epoxides, gave the isomerized products characterized as β-ketoesters. The structure of β-ketoester as saturated 3-oxoester was unambiguously established by chemical methods as well as by IR, NMR and Mass spectrometry. The selectivity of this rearrangement provides a useful synthetic pathway for the preparation of β-ketoesters. s-Ketoester — ein Umlagerungsprodukt bei der Epoxidierung von α,β-ungesattigtem Methylester Versuche zur Epoxidation von langkettigem α,β-ungesattigtem Ester fuhrten zur Bildung von Umlagerungsprodukten der entsprechenden Epoxiester. Es wurde beobachtet, das die Reaktion der Persauren mit den Estern der C16-, C18- und C22-Trans-2-en-sauren statt der erwarteten Epoxide die isomerisierten Produkte ergab, die als β-Ketoester charakterisiert wurden. Die Struktur der β-Ketoester als gesattigte 3-Oxoester wurde durch chemische Methoden sowie IR, NMR und Massenspektrometrie eindeutig festgestellt. Die Selektivitat dieser Umlagerungsreaktion bietet eine nutzliche synthetische Methode zur Herstellung von β-Ketoestern.

Reproductive Behaviour of Acrobeloides Sp

Abstract: There is an inherent tendency for attraction between adults and juveniles of Acrobeloides sp. resulting in their aggregation. The males are strongly attracted towards females which results in mating. During copulation it was observed that the males appear to be more activated. The egg-laying is performed by the contraction of uterine muscles and due to an increased turgor pressure inside the body of the nematodes. The females as they grow older appear to be increasingly incapable of laying eggs which are retained within the uterus and undergo intra-uterine development. This type of development proceeds at a faster rate compared to the normal extra-uterine development. The increased frequency of pulsation of the oesophageal valve before hatching probably is an indication for hatching. The third-stage juveniles, young males, and egg-laying females are more active than the other stages in the life cycle of this nematode.

Food selection by young Catla catla (Hamilton–Buchanan) in a tropical fish pond

Abstract: Food selection by young Catla catla from a tropical fish pond was studied by computing the electivity indices for various types of planktonic food organisms. The fish was found to be a selective feeder. A positive selection was observed for cladocerans, copepods and nauplii larvae. Among the rotifers, however, Keratella and Brachionus were positively selected while Rotaria was completely avoided. High electivity indices for some and low for the other genera were observed within each group of phytoplankton. Strict stenophagism seemed to occur for certain phytoplanktonic organisms.

Studies with model membranes. X. Evaluation of the thermodynamically effective fixed charge density and permselectivity of mercuric and cupric iodide parchment-supported membranes

Abstract: Thermodynamically effective fixed charge densities of mercuric and cupric iodide parchment supported membranes were estimated by methods of Teorell, Meyer, and Sievers; Altug and Hair; and the most recent one of Kobatake and co-workers based on the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The two limiting forms of Kobatake's equation for dilute and concentrated ranges gave identical values of charge densities. It is interesting to note that these two values of limiting cases are closer to the Teorell-Meyer-Sievers and Altug-Hair values. The theoretical predictions for membrane potential by the Kobatake equation were borne out quite satisfactorily by experimental results obtained with both the membranes.

Serum and liver lipid responses to 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid in rats on different carbohydrate diets

Abstract: Groups of male adult albino rats were administered 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid (HMG) intraperitoneally along with six diets differing only in the type of carbohydrate used. Groups not treated with HMG served as controls. HMG showed a significant cholesterol- and triglyceride-lowering effect in the whole serum, serum β-lipoproteins, and liver of animals on all types of dietary carbohydrates. The effect was more marked in glucose, fructose, sucrose, and lactose. The phospholipid levels in whole serum, serum β-lipoproteins, as well as in liver were also significantly lowered on all types of carbohydrates except dextrin and starch fed animals, where it had no effect on liver levels. The lipid-lowering effect of HMG seems to be independent of the type of carbohydrate in diet.

Quantitative studies on acetylcholinesterase in seven species of digenetic trematodes.

Abstract: Quantitative estimation of absolute levels and in vitro release of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in seven species of digenetic trematodes: Isoparorchis hypselobagri from the swim bladder of catfish, Wallago attu; Srivastavaia indica and Gastrothylax crumenifer from the rumen, and Gigantocotyle explanatum from the liver of the water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis; Fasciolopsis buski, Echinostoma malayanum from the small intestine and Gastrodiscoides hominis from the caecum of the pig, Sus scrofa revealed that the enzyme is present in remarkably high quantities in species which inhabit gastrointestinal tract compared with those that parasitize liver and swim bladder. The rate of in vitro release of AChE also varies with the species which supports the view that such differential secretion probably takes place in situ as well to counteract peristalsis and it is a biochemical adaptation on the part of these trematodes.