Showing papers by "Aoyama Gakuin University published in 1980"

Emulsion chamber observations of primary cosmic-ray electrons in the energy range 30-1000 GeV

Abstract: The results of a series of emulsion exposures, beginning in Japan in 1968 and continued in the U.S. since 1975, which have yielded a total balloon-altitude exposure of 98,700 sq m sr s, are presented. The data are discussed in terms of several models of cosmic-ray propagation. Interpreted in terms of the energy-dependent leaky-box model, the spectrum results suggest a galactic electron residence time of 1.0(+2.0, -0.5) x 10 to the 7th yr, which is consistent with results from Be-10 observations. Finally, the possibility that departures from smooth power law behavior in the spectrum due to individual nearby sources will be observable in the energy range above 1 TeV is discussed.

A Method of Controlling the Sense of the Screw Spin Structure

Abstract: Considering the magnetic symmetry of a screw spin structure, it was shown that the sense of the screw spin structure can be controlled by a magnetoelectric cooling. It was confirmed experimentally in ZnCr 2 Se 4 by means of a polarized neutron diffraction.

Analysis of production ordering quantities and inventory variations in a multi-stage production ordering system

Abstract: In the Japanese automobile and electrical industries it is often necessary to consider the production ordering systems as multi-stage production inventory systems. Previous analyses of production ordering systems have left untouched the variations in the production ordering quantities and inventory at each stage, in spite of the fact that the amplification phenomena of these variations are critical in a multi-stage production inventory system. Generally, we are able to classify the multi-stage production ordering systems into two types, i.e. the push-type and the pull-type. This paper discusses the following subjects concerning the push-type and multi-stage production ordering system based on forecasting: (1) the effects of demand fluctuations and forecast errors on the amplification of production order variations and inventory variations in terms of a basic production ordering model, and (2) the same effects in a modified production ordering model which is able to decrease both the variations in the prod...

The interactions of thiol compounds with porcine erythrocyte catalase.

Abstract: The effects of thiol compounds on the conformation of porcine erythrocyte catalase were examined. The thiol compounds showed two types of reactivity with the catalase in terms of changes in absorption spectra. One is characterized by the appearance of a new absorption maximum at 595 nm; this was seen with 2-mercaptoethanol (designated as inactive catalase type I). The other is characterized by new maxima at 535 and 570 nm, and this was seen with reduced glutathione, dithiothreitol, cysteine, and cysteamine (inactive catalase type II). The thiol compounds caused gradual inactivation of catalase, correlating with the enhancement of the absorption maximum at 595 nm or 570 nm. Removal of excess thiol reagents from the reaction mixtures caused partial recovery of activity, which was more marked with inactive catalase type II. Similar reversibility was observed in the absorption, CD and MCD spectra, whereas reversibility was not observed for inactive catalase type I. The MCD spectra suggested conversion of heme groups from a high to a low spin state on incubation with thiols, e.g., reduced glutathione, leading to inactive catalase type II. alpha-Helical conformation of the polypeptide backbone and titratable free SH groups in the catalase molecule were unaffected by all these thiol treatments. It is suggested that "active oxygen" which may be produced on incubation of catalase with thiol compounds, was responsible for the formation of inactive catalase type II.

Titanium nitride deposition in an r.f. discharge

Abstract: The deposition of titanium nitride (TiN) on a steel substrate from TiCl 4 in an N 2 or an N 2 -H 2 plasma obtained in an r.f. discharge was investigated. It was found that the addition of H 2 to the N 2 plasma promoted the formation of TiN, and that the substrate temperature could be much lower than that used in ordinary chemical vapour deposition processes.

Properties of Schottky Barriers on p-Type Indium Phosphide

Abstract: Schottky contacts to the p-type InP have been fabricated and their electrical characteristics have been measured. The barrier height more than 0.8 eV are obtained with the contacts to the low work function metal such as Al, In, Sn and Sb. The barrier height is dependent upon the metal work function under the given metals. The surface state density is estimated to be 3.4×1012 cm-2 eV-1 from the barrier height versus the metal work function plot. The open circuit voltage and the energy conversion efficiency of the p-type InP Schottky barrier solar cell are 0.595 V and 8.2% under AM2 condition.

Band Structure and Compton Profile of Nb–Mo Alloy

Abstract: The theoretical band structure and Compton profiles of Nb–Mo alloy have been calculated. The calculations are based on the average t-matrix approximation and the muffin-tin model. The results show that the first and the second bands of Nb 0.5 Mo 0.5 are completely filled and the Fermi surfaces in the third band are topologically similar to those of pure Nb.

Forward hard scattering in hadron-hadron collisions in the energy region ~ 10 14 eV

Abstract: On the basis of the quark-parton picture, we derive analytically the cross sections for production of hadrons and ..gamma.. rays through forward hard scattering in hadron-hadron collisions in the energy region approx. 10/sup 14/ eV. We take account of transverse motions both of partons inside proton ( p/sub T/)/sub p/ ..-->.. q, and of hadrons fragmented from quark (gluon) (k/sub T/)/sub q/ ..-->.. h. In addition, we take the effects of scale violation into account. We compared the numerical results thus obtained with cosmic-ray data in the energy region approx. 10/sup 14/ eV, observed at Mt. Chacaltaya by Japan-Brazil emulsion-chamber collaboration. After eliminating carefully the bias effect inherent there, we found the theoretical calculations reproduced surprisingly well the cosmic-ray data on large p/sub T/..gamma.. not only in the shape, but also in the absolute value. We obtain also the production cross sections of ..pi../sup +/ and K/sup +/ expected from the forthcoming p-bar-p colliding beams with ..sqrt..s-bar=540 GeV at Fermilab and CERN in the early 1980's, with use of the formula derived in the present paper.

InP (MIS) Schottky Barrier Solar Cells

Abstract: InP Schottky barrier solar cells are fabricated and the device parameters are measured under solar illumination. The barrier height of n-InP Schottky contact increases by surface oxidation in wet O2 atmosphere. The oxidation time can be decreased by surface treatment with bromine water. No surface oxidation is carried out for p-type sample. The maximum open circuit photovoltage and the maximum energy conversion efficiency are 0.59 V and 6.9% for n-type sample and are 0.69 V and 5.6% for p-type sample.

Excommunication and the philosophy of Spinoza

Abstract: This paper is an attempt to probe the connection between Spinoza's philosophy and his excommunication from the Synagogue in 1656. It seeks, first, to show the decisive influence of the 1656 excommunication on Spinoza's life and thought, and to demonstrate that this event is the single most important key to understanding his entire philosophy. With this key, the paper seeks, secondly, to illustrate the development and transformation of Spinoza's thought through specific reference to his three major works, Korte Verhandeling, De Emendatione, and Ethica. Underlying these two points is a third, namely, that the inherently dynamic and positive elements of ‘experience’, which have not been fully appreciated thus far, should be given greater attention in the evaluation of Spinoza's philosophy.