Arts et Métiers ParisTech

About: Arts et Métiers ParisTech is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Finite element method & Machining. The organization has 3946 authors who have published 6693 publications receiving 142083 citations. The organization is also known as: École nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers & ENSAM.

3d characterization of wood based fibrous materials: an application

Abstract: Morphological characterization of wood based fibrous materials is carried out using X-ray tomography. This technique allows the non destructive observation at the scales of a fibre (microscopic scale) and of a network of fibres (mesoscopic scale). The 3D images are processed using classical tools of mathematical morphology. Measures of porosities and estimations of the size distributions of fibres and pores are carried out and compared to other results. An alternative method for the calculation of the local orientation of the fibres is also described to quantify the anisotropy of the fibres network. Finally, the individualization of the fibres is obtained from the representation of the fibrous network as a 3D skeleton, making possible further measurements on the isolated fibres.

Improved resistive shunt by means of negative capacitance: new circuit, performances and multi-mode control

Abstract: This paper deals with vibration control by means of piezoelectric patches shunted with electrical impedances made up by a resistance and a negative capacitance. The paper analyses most of the possible layouts by which a negative capacitance can be built and shows that a common mathematical description is possible. This allows closed formulations to be found in order to optimise the electrical network for mono- and multi-mode control. General analytical formulations are obtained to estimate the performance of the shunt in terms of vibration reduction. In particular, it is highlighted that the main effect of a negative capacitance is to artificially enhance the electromechanical coupling factor, which is the basis of performance estimation. Stability issues relating to the use of negative capacitances are especially addressed using refined models for the piezoelectric patch capacitance. Furthermore, a new circuit based on a couple of negative capacitances is proposed and tested, showing better performances than those provided by the usual layouts with a single negative capacitance. Finally, guidelines and analytical formulations to deal with the practical implementation of negative capacitance circuits are provided.