Arts et Métiers ParisTech

About: Arts et Métiers ParisTech is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Finite element method & Machining. The organization has 3946 authors who have published 6693 publications receiving 142083 citations. The organization is also known as: École nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers & ENSAM.

Automatic Stress Classification With Pupil Diameter Analysis

Abstract: This article proposes a method based on wavelet transform and neural networks for relating pupillary behavior to psychological stress. The proposed method was tested by recording pupil diameter and electrodermal activity during a simulated driving task. Self-report measures were also collected. Participants performed a baseline run with the driving task only, followed by three stress runs where they were required to perform the driving task along with sound alerts, the presence of two human evaluators, and both. Self-reports and pupil diameter successfully indexed stress manipulation, and significant correlations were found between these measures. However, electrodermal activity did not vary accordingly. After training, the four-way parallel neural network classifier could guess whether a given unknown pupil diameter signal came from one of the four experimental trials with 79.2% precision. The present study shows that pupil diameter signal has good discriminating power for stress detection.

Machine learning applied in production planning and control: a state-of-the-art in the era of industry 4.0

Abstract: Because of their cross-functional nature in the company, enhancing Production Planning and Control (PPC) functions can lead to a global improvement of manufacturing systems. With the advent of the Industry 4.0 (I4.0), copious availability of data, high-computing power and large storage capacity have made of Machine Learning (ML) approaches an appealing solution to tackle manufacturing challenges. As such, this paper presents a state-of-the-art of ML-aided PPC (ML-PPC) done through a systematic literature review analyzing 93 recent research application articles. This study has two main objectives: contribute to the definition of a methodology to implement ML-PPC and propose a mapping to classify the scientific literature to identify further research perspectives. To achieve the first objective, ML techniques, tools, activities, and data sources which are required to implement a ML-PPC are reviewed. The second objective is developed through the analysis of the use cases and the addressed characteristics of the I4.0. Results suggest that 75% of the possible research domains in ML-PPC are barely explored or not addressed at all. This lack of research originates from two possible causes: firstly, scientific literature rarely considers customer, environmental, and human-in-the-loop aspects when linking ML to PPC. Secondly, recent applications seldom couple PPC to logistics as well as to design of products and processes. Finally, two key pitfalls are identified in the implementation of ML-PPC models: the complexity of using Internet of Things technologies to collect data and the difficulty of updating the ML model to adapt it to the manufacturing system changes.

Multiscale fatigue damage characterization in short glass fiber reinforced polyamide-66

Abstract: This paper aims at studying fatigue damage behavior of injection molded 30 wt% short glass fiber reinforced polyamide-66 composite (PA66/GF30). The evolution of dynamic modulus, hysteresis area, cyclic creep and temperature during fatigue tests were analyzed and discussed. Damage analyses by X-ray micro-computed tomography ( μ CT) technique on interrupted fatigue tests at several percentages of total fatigue life were performed to further understand the damage mechanisms and evolution during fatigue loading. It can be observed that experimental results related to the evolution of dynamic modulus, strain, temperature and energy dissipation are important and consistently complement each other for damage evaluation of PA66/GF30. During fatigue loading, diffuse damage occurs over the entire specimen though the damage does not necessarily exhibit the same level between different locations inside the specimen. The μ CT analysis of voids characteristics demonstrates that the damage continuously increases during fatigue loading. The damage is developed notably along fiber interface in the form of fiber/matrix interfacial debonding.

Control Strategies for Open-End Winding Drives Operating in the Flux-Weakening Region

Abstract: This paper presents and compares control strategies for three-phase open-end winding drives operating in the flux-weakening region. A six-leg inverter with a single dc link is associated with the machine in order to use a single energy source. With this topology, the zero-sequence circuit has to be considered since the zero-sequence current can circulate in the windings. Therefore, conventional overmodulation strategies are not appropriate when the machine enters in the flux-weakening region. A few solutions dealing with the zero-sequence circuit have been proposed in the literature. They use a modified space vector modulation or a conventional modulation with additional voltage limitations. This paper describes the aforementioned strategies, and then, a new strategy is proposed. This new strategy takes into account the magnitudes and phase angles of the voltage harmonic components. This yields better voltage utilization in the dq frame. Furthermore, inverter saturation is avoided in the zero-sequence frame, and therefore, zero-sequence current control is maintained. Three methods are implemented on a test bed composed of a three-phase permanent-magnet synchronous machine, a six-leg inverter, and a hybrid digital signal processor /field-programmable gate array controller. Experimental results are presented and compared for all strategies. A performance analysis is conducted as regards the region of operation and the machine parameters.