Showing papers by "Bharathiar University published in 1998"
TL;DR: In this article, the adsorption of direct red and acid brilliant blue by waste banana pith was investigated by varying the agitation time, dye concentration, adsorbent dose and pH.
344 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used Fe(III)/Cr(III) hydroxide, generated electrolytically in the treatment of Cr(VI) containing wastewaters in a fertilizer industry, for the adsorption of arsenic(V) from aqueous solution.
Abstract: Industrial solid wastes can be recycled as nonconventional adsorbents, if they are nontoxic, to reduce the cost of wastewater treatments. ``Waste`` Fe(III)/Cr(III) hydroxide, generated electrolytically in the treatment of Cr(VI) containing wastewaters in a fertilizer industry was used for the adsorption of arsenic(V) from aqueous solution. Parameters studied include arsenic-(V) concentration, agitation time, adsorbent dosage, adsorbent particle size, temperature, and pH. The adsorption capacity was evaluated by using both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption followed a first-order rate expression. Adsorption of As(V) was independent of the initial pH (3--10) of the aqueous solution. Temperature studies showed that the adsorption process was endothermic in nature. Desorption of As(V) from spent adsorbent was also investigated using NaOH solutions.
160 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of the power to the plasma torch, powder particle size and its distribution and feed rate of the powder on the abovesaid properties of the coatings are explained.
106 citations
TL;DR: Of all the processing methods, autoclaving seemed to be the most efficient for reduction in content of the antinutrients, except phytic acid, and improving IVPD in both the pulses studied.
95 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of substrate temperature on CdSe films on steatite, mica and ITO substrates using an optimized tube length (0.15 m).
Abstract: Cadmium selenide (CdSe) films were prepared by the hot wall deposition technique with different quartz tube lengths under a vacuum of 6.6 mPa onto well cleaned glass substrates to optimize the tube length. The XRD analysis revealed that the films were polycrystalline in nature for smaller tube lengths and for smaller thicknesses, but with increasing thickness and increasing tube lengths a preferred orientation was observed on all substrates. The x-ray diffractograms of the films coated on 0.07 m length tube exhibit preferential orientation along the (103) direction for smaller thicknesses, which changes to the (002) direction as the thickness increases, but the films coated with other tube lengths show preferential orientation along the (002) plane parallel to the substrate at larger thicknesses. The lattice constants and the structural parameters viz., crystallite size (D), dislocation density and strain , were calculated for all the films and it was found that as the tube length increases the grain size and strain decreases up to 0.13 m tube length and increases for 0.15 m tube length. The effects of the substrate were studied by coating the film on steatite, mica and ITO substrates using an optimized tube length (0.15 m). Films coated on glass, mica and ITO have a very smooth surface finish, reflecting like a mirror, and those on steatite have a matt finish. Depending on the adhesiveness and grain size the substrates were chosen for further applications. Studies on the effect of substrate temperature were carried out on the films obtained using 0.15 m quartz tube length. From Rutherford backscattering spectrometry analysis, it was found that as the tube length increases the Cd/Se ratio approaches unity.
53 citations
TL;DR: Polyphosphoric acid (PPA)-catalyzed cyclization of 2-ono-3-vinylquinolinecarboxylic acid (1) yielded 3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-pyrano[2,3-b]quinoline (4), which on hydrolysis with ethanolic hydrochloric acid gave khaplofoline (5).
Abstract: Polyphosphoric acid (PPA)-catalyzed cyclization of 2-ono-3-vinylquinolinecarboxylic acid (1) yielded 3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-pyrano[2,3-b]quinoline (4). The same reaction of 4-methoxy-2-oxo-3-vinylquinolinecarboxylic acid (1g) afforded 4-methoxy-2,2-dimethylpyrano[2,3-b]quinoline (4g), which on hydrolysis with ethanolic hydrochloric acid gave khaplofoline (5). The Prevost reaction of 4-methoxy-3-prenylquinolin-2-one (6) using I2/HgO in acetic acid yielded 4-methoxy-2-isopropylfuro[2,3-b]quinoline (7). Compound 7 on reduction with H2/Pd−C followed by N-methylation and de-O-methylation afforded lunacrine (10a). A similar reaction sequence on 6b gave demethoxylunacrine (10b).
42 citations
TL;DR: Ruthenium(III) complexes of Schiff bases derived from the condensation of salicylaldehyde or o-vanillin with diamines have been prepared and characterised.
Abstract: Ruthenium(III) complexes of Schiff bases derived from the condensation of salicylaldehyde or o-vanillin with diamines have been prepared and characterised. The complexes are of the type [RuX(EPh3)(L)] [X=Cl or Br; E=P or As; L=bis(salicylaldehyde)tetramethylenediimine, bis(salicylaldehyde)o-phenylenediimine, bis(o-vanillin)ethylenediimine, bis(o-vanillin)propylenediimine, bis(o-vanillin)tetramethylenediimine or bis(o-vanillin)o-phenylenediimine]. The Schiff bases behave as dibasic tetradentate ligands.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the presence and absence of ligands such as ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, citrate and acetate was studied for metal ion adsorption in Fe(III)/Cr(III) hydroxide.
26 citations
TL;DR: An ab initio quantum chemical study of the five possible isomers, trans- and cis-conformations of nitrosoethylene, 4H-1,2-oxazete, 2H 1 azirine 1-oxide and acetonitrile oxide, of C2H3NO is reported in this paper.
Abstract: An ab initio quantum chemical study of the five possible isomers, trans- and cis-conformations of nitrosoethylene, 4H-1,2-oxazete, 2H-1 azirine 1-oxide and acetonitrile oxide, of C2H3NO is reported. Molecular geometries and energies have been obtained at the Hartree-Fock and second-order Moller-Plesset levels of theory. It is important to note that in both the levels of theory, acetonitrile oxide is found to be the most stable isomer among all the five structures. Atomic charges, through Mulliken and natural population analysis schemes, dipole moments, entropies and rotational constants have been calculated using the above-mentioned levels. Various basis sets, 3–21G, 6–31G, 6–31G∗∗ and 6–311G∗, have been used at the HF level of calculation and 6–31G∗ basis set has been utilized at the MP2 level of calculation. Finally, the vibrational spectra of all the five structures have been obtained using the HF/3–21G, HF/6–31G∗∗ and HF/6–31 1G∗ levels. An imaginary frequency has been found for the cis conformer of the nitrosoethylene molecule at both the HF/6–31G∗∗ and HF/6–311G∗ levels.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, sufficient conditions for controllability of Sobolev-type integrodifferential systems in Banach spaces are established using compact semigroups and the Schauder fixed-point theorem.
21 citations
TL;DR: Performance of Lowerkodiyar and Mundanthurai accessions under test conditions was superior and suggested that breeders might exploit the genome of these accessions in current pulse crop improvement programmes.
Abstract: Eight accessions of swordbean (Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC.) were collected from eight agroclimatic regions of Tamil Nadu, India. A portion of the collected seeds of accessions will be deposited in NBPGR, New Delhi. The most pronounced differences in agrobotanical characters were observed in seed germination percentage, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of leaves (180th day) per plant, leaf area (150th day), early flowering, fertility index and 100-seed-weight. Differences in the contents of crude protein and crude lipid in the seeds of different accessions also appeared to be significant. Performance of Lowerkodiyar and Mundanthurai accessions under test conditions was superior and suggested that breeders might exploit the genome of these accessions in current pulse crop improvement programmes.
TL;DR: The effect of Cd, Cu, Zn, Hg, and Pb solutions at various concentrations, on the restoration potential of the leaves of Portulaca oleracea was tested.
Abstract: The effect of Cd, Cu, Zn, Hg, and Pb solutions at various concentrations, on the restoration potential of the leaves ofPortulaca oleracea was tested. All the trace metals completely affected the shoot regeneration. The degree of their effect on root regeneration, however, varied. Early initiation of parental leaf decay was also observed. The order of their relative effect on the regeneration process was: Cd > Cu > Zn > Hg > Pb.
TL;DR: Not all the compounds showed a diuretic effect and the significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei shows that they are non-clastogens, whereas the 7-chloro derivative was a very effective antimalarial agent against the mosquito species.
Abstract: The 2-chloro-3-formyl quinoline derivatives (1a-e) on treatment with acetic anhydride and sodium acetate, afforded the corresponding novel 2-oxo-pyrano(2,3-b) quinoline derivatives (2a-e), and these were subjected to ammonia treatment to yield the corresponding naphthyridine derivatives (3a-e). The prepared compounds (2a-e) were tested for their antimalarial, diuretic, clastogenic and antimicrobial properties. Not all the compounds showed a diuretic effect and the significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei shows that they are non-clastogens, whereas the 7-chloro derivative (2e) was a very effective antimalarial agent against the mosquito species. All the compounds were found to have optimum antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. Compounds 2d and 2e were found to be most active against the bacteria tested.
TL;DR: Gross dietary utilisation of H. armigera was also decreased following topical application as well as after treatment in the diet, which may be primarily attributed to decreased food intake.
Abstract: In leaf disc choice assays and topical application experiments, the neem (Azadirachta indica) limonoids azadirachtin, salannin, deacetylgedunin, gedunin, 17-hydroxyazadiradione and deacetylnimbin were found to be potent antifeedants and growth inhibitors to the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Azadirachtin was most potent in both respects. Gross dietary utilisation (efficiency of conversion of ingested food) of H. armigera was also decreased following topical application as well as after treatment in the diet. Growth inhibition in topically treated H. armigera may be primarily attributed to decreased food intake. The antifeedant and growth-inhibitory effects of the neem limonoids are discussed.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Triton X-100 by interacting with the acyl pocket hydrophobic region is able to activate the esterase activity of BuChE and reduces the capacity of the enzyme to react with inhibitors that inactivate it by interaction with the serine residue of the acyllation site.
Abstract: The effect of non-ionic detergents like Triton X-100, Lubrol PX, Brij 35 and Tween 80 on the esterase activity and inhibitor sensitivity of human serum butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) were studied. The results showed that though BuChE is not a detergent dependent enzyme, the esterase activity and inhibitor sensitivity of it can be modulated by the presence of detergents. All the detergents caused a marginal activation of the esterase activity. The presence of Lubrol PX, Brij 35 or Tween 80 did not affect the 50% molar inhibition concentration (IC50) of the inhibitors tested. But in the presence of Triton X-100 the IC50 values were increased for neostigmine, eserine and tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide (acylation site interacting inhibitors), whereas for inhibitors like ethopropazine, imipramine and procainamide (choline binding pocket specific inhibitors) the IC50 values were unaltered. In addition, in the presence of Triton X-100 the bimolecular reaction constant for phosphorylation reaction (ki) of BuChE for the acyl pocket specific tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide was reduced. Triton X-100 partially protected BuChE against this tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide inactivation. These results indicate that Triton X-100 by interacting with the acyl pocket hydrophobic region is able to activate the esterase activity of BuChE. Further it reduces the capacity of the enzyme to react with inhibitors that inactivate it by interacting with the serine residue of the acylation site.
TL;DR: Fifteen laticiferous plant species were tested for their suitability as alternative sources of renewable energy, and phytochemicals and the best species were Carissa carandas, Ceropegia juncea Roxb, Hemidesmus indicus and Sarcostemma brunourianum.
TL;DR: The existence of a unique solution to the nonlinear mixed neutral equation m x'(t) = f (t, x't)) + E Ai (T, x, t, x(t)) x' t + pi + g(t, X, t), x t + h), i =l x(o) = xo, is proven in this article, as is the continuous dependence of the solution on initial conditions.
TL;DR: It was concluded that the fish showed adaptive utilization of stored glycogen, particularly in liver tissue, and adaptive accumulation of glycogen in muscle and heart tissues, probably by glyconeogenesis.
Abstract: Adaptive changes in the levels of carbohydrate metabolites, glucose, glycogen and lactic acid, were studied in a freshwater edible fish, Sarotherodon mossambicus exposed to a carbamate fungicide, ziram. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the fish showed (i) adaptive utilization of stored glycogen, particularly in liver tissue; (ii) adaptive accumulation of glycogen in muscle and heart tissues, probably by glyconeogenesis and (iii) adaptive mechanism of operation of 'diving syndrome', to meet the stress of the pollutant under sub-lethal exposure.
TL;DR: Several new hexa-coordinated ruthenium(III) complexes of the type [RuX(EPh3) (LL')] (where X = CI, Br, E = P, As; HLL'H = H2Acac-en, H2Bzac-en and H2ACac-pn) have been synthesized by reacting [RuCl3(PPh3), [RuC13(AsPh3, 3], [RuBr3(As Ph3, 4] or [RuBa3(MeOH
Abstract: Several new hexa-coordinated ruthenium(III) complexes of the type [RuX(EPh3) (LL')] (where X = CI, Br, E = P, As; HLL'H = H2Acac-en, H2Bzac-en, H2Acac-pn and H2Bzac-pn) have been synthesised by reacting [RuCl3(PPh3)3], [RuC13(AsPh3)3], [RuBr3(AsPh3)3] or [RuBr3(PPh3)2(MeOH)] with tetradentate Schiff bases. The Schiff bases deprotonate and behave as binegative tetradentate chelating ligands. All complexes have been characterised by elemental analyses, IR, electronic spectra, EPR and cyclic voltammetric data.
TL;DR: In this paper, metal-insulator-metal (MIM) sandwich structures of thin film capacitors were fabricated and dielectric studies were carried out in the frequency range 1kHz to 10MHz in the temperature range 303-450K.
Abstract: Pure and Ni (0·05%, 0·1% and 0·15%)-doped cellulose acetate (CA) films were formed on well-cleaned glass substrates using a solution growth technique. Metal–insulator–metal (MIM) sandwich structures of thin film capacitors were fabricated. Dielectric studies were carried out in the frequency range 1kHz to 10MHz in the temperature range 303–450K. The variation of capacitance and dielectric loss with temperature were studied at various frequencies. The variation of dielectric constants (e′ and e″) with frequency and temperature is discussed. An increase in capacitance with temperature was observed and this may be due to the chaotic oscillations of molecules in the polymer matrix. β (at lower temperature) and α (at higher temperature) relaxation loss peaks were observed. Doping results in the formation of charge transfer complexes/molecular aggregates in the polymer, which cause the shift of Cmax value and the β and α relaxation loss peaks towards higher temperature. An appreciable dispersion of tan δ at lower frequency was noticed in all the samples studied. © 1998 SCI.
TL;DR: In this paper, sufficient conditions for the null controllability of nonlinear infinite neutral systems are established by using the Schauder fixed-point theorem, and both distributed delays and time varying delays in control variables are discussed.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to establish sufficient conditions for the null controllability of nonlinear infinite neutral systems. Both distributed delays and time varying delays in control variables are discussed. The results are obtained by using the Schauder fixed-point theorem.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Histologically, eugenol treated animals showed degeneration of the secretory columnar cells and well developed myofibrillar connective tissues when compared to control animals.
Abstract: The structure and biochemical content of adult albino rat seminal vesicles, were studied, after administration of two different doses of eugenol for 10 days (0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg/day, i.m.). Marked decreases in the concentrations of nucleic acids, fructose and total protein as well as RNA/DNA ratio (61%) and protein/DNA ratio (27%) were observed. A remarkable increase in phospholipid concentration was noted with a corresponding decrease in neutral lipids. Histologically, eugenol treated animals showed degeneration of the secretory columnar cells and well developed myofibrillar connective tissues when compared to control animals.
TL;DR: In this article, the hydromagnetic slip flow of a viscous incompressible and electrically conducting fluid through an inclined channel of rectangular cross section in the presence of a transverse magnetic field was analyzed.
Abstract: The hydromagnetic slip flow of a viscous incompressible and electrically conducting fluid through an inclined channel of rectangular cross section in the presence of a transverse magnetic field has been analysed. The walls of the channel are assumed to have prescribed temperatures and finite conductivities. The boundary conditions for both velocity and temperature are properly rectified. The expressions for the velocity, induced magnetic field and the temperature are obtained both analytically and numerically.
TL;DR: In this paper, conductivity, dielectric and impedance analyses have been made with the pelletized form of the samples and the results are discussed and the mean free path and relaxation time have been found.
Abstract: The compound X[a(AgBr):b(PbBr 2 )] :Y[c(Ag 2 O):d(B 2 O 3 )] has been prepared with appropriate ratio. Conductivity, dielectric and impedance analyses have been made with the pelletized form of the samples. Carrier concentration, mean free path and relaxation time have been found and the results are discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the dielectric properties of the system AgBr-PbI 2 -Ag 2 O-B 2 O 3 have been studied for various temperatures and frequencies.
Abstract: Dielectric properties of the system AgBr-PbI 2 -Ag 2 O-B 2 O 3 has been studied for various temperatures and frequencies. Conductivity of the sample has also been measured and it is found that at 160°C it attains the value 5.9 x 10 -3 (Ohms cm) -1 and the activation energy calculated from the Arrhenius is found to be 0.16 eV.