Central University of Ecuador

About: Central University of Ecuador is a education organization based out in Quito, Ecuador. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 2220 authors who have published 1910 publications receiving 15052 citations.

Acoso sexual en las universidades ecuatorianas: validez de contenido de un instrumento de medición

Abstract: Sexual harassment in institutions of higher education (IHE) is a problematic about which awareness and exploration is on the rise in Ecuador. However, there is a notorious lack of data to aid in estimating the magnitude of the phenomenon. This feeds into the idea that we are not dealing with a problem that needs to be prioritized. In this article, we describe the process for validating contents among experts for the construction of an instrument to measure the prevalence of this phenomenon. This process was carried out with the judgment of experts of the practices by the level of interrater agreement method. (Grant y Davis, 1996). We concluded that the content validation phase for experts is important for the development of instruments on sexual harassment because there are multiplicity of definitions and it isn’t clear the delimitation of the phenomenon. The panel of experts incorporated notions that are not contemplated in the literature. In reference to the hierarchy, emergent relationships in intersectional dynamics are included, something that cannot be left aside in the Ecuadorian context. The delimitation of practices related to content, effect, frequency, purpose, context and mode was also considered. Finally, the common approach favored having the same indicators to allow comparing results between universities in a feminist perspective.

Recomendaciones nutricionales para pacientes hospitalizados con infección respiratoria grave (IRAG) sospechosa o confirmada por COVID-19

Abstract: During these three decades of continuous care of hospitalized patients we have recognized the pathophysiology of the metabolic response to stress and the involvement of patients since activation molecular of sepsis, and the hemodynamic and neurological commitments of shock, providing nutritional support to obtain better results for the health and life of our patients, through recommendations that have been verified in heterogeneous populations with different presentations in clinical practice. In this literature review we propose suggestions on nutritional intervention in patients with SARS-CoV2 or COVID-19.

Haematophagous bat bites in Ecuadorian Amazon: characterisation and implications for sylvatic rabies prevention.

Abstract: In Latin America an increase has been reported in the frequency of human and animal deaths from sylvatic rabies due to vampire bat bites.1 The genetic and molecular markers that characterise genetic lineages of the sylvatic rabies virus variant in humans belong to the same rabies cycle as that of the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus.2 In cases of bites, the strategy employed has always been post-exposure vaccination, as there has been no progress in treatment, although there has been a breakthrough in the description and the analysis of the Lissavirus family and in the pathogenesis of this fatal disease.3 In 2010, it was reported that 90% of inhabitants in the Peruvian jungle had been bitten by haematophagous bats at least once in their lives.4 In Ecuador, sylvatic rabies occurs throughout most of the Amazon territory. Previous sylvatic rabies outbreaks have been reported as part of the regular work of health teams, but there is no published information in the indexed literature.5 In December 2011, an outbreak of sylvatic rabies was declared in three indigenous communities of the Taisha canton in the province of Morona Santiago, on the southern border of the Ecuadorian Amazon.6–8 Eleven deaths occurred, nine of which were in children aged <15 years. Autopsy samples were collected in only two of these patients and tested positive for a vampire bat rabies virus variant. The first health action taken involved post-exposure anti-rabies vaccination, with seven daily doses and three boosters given to all inhabitants of these communities9 (vaccine coverage of 97% was achieved at the seventh dose, involving 617 inhabitants). In the second phase, the action was expanded to include the communities considered at risk, based on the flight radius of the vampire bat. Post-exposure anti-rabies vaccination coverage was 84.5% at the seventh dose (2453 inhabitants). In other communities located 10–20 km around Taisha (40 000 inhabitants), a scheme of pre-exposure immunisation was implemented using a cell-culture vaccine; a coverage of 65% was achieved at the third dose. The health action actively involved various institutions, with the goal of ensuring access to the affected communities by the health teams. This may involve a 15–40 min flight, followed by a walk or a canoe trip, which could take 2–15 h to reach the community. Although the intervention in the canton of Taisha revealed that vampire bat (haematophagous) bites among the Amazon basin residents is a daily occurrence, they have not yet been characterised in Ecuador, and scarcely in the other Amazon countries.10–12 For this reason, in parallel with the vaccination process, a team conducted a questionnaire-based survey to study and record the conditions that characterise haematophagous bat bites. The principal objective of the paper is thus to report the findings of this survey, justified on the basis of three issues. First, haematophagous bat bites constitute the transmission route of sylvatic rabies.13 Second, although rabies is preventable, the fatality rate due to rabies is almost 100%.14 Third, in the implementation of protective measures to prevent vampire bat bites in marginalised populations, in addition to other aspects, their world view must be taken into account so that prevention and control programmes will function adequately.

Beneficios del uso de técnicas de minería de datos para extraer y analizar datos de twitter aplicados en la educación superior: una revisión sistemática de la literatura

Abstract: In recent years, there has been a growing interest by education actors to include TIC in their institutions; as well as social networks, far from being a problem and their use aimed, permit innovate traditional classes and improve communication between teachers and students This study has two objectives: (1) conduct a systematic literature review through searching papers published between January/2007 and March/2019 in data bases like as ACM, IEEE, ScienceDirect, Springer and others, to evidence researches that apply data mining techniques to extract and analyze Twitters data in higher education; and (2) to emphasize pedagogic practices that include Twitter and data mining to improve education process. From 315 papers obtained, only 65 fulfilled inclusion criteria. The main results indicate that: (1) the most used data mining techniques are predictive with classification tasks; (2) Twitter is principally used to: (a) determinate perception; (b) share information, materials and resources; (c) generate communication and participation; (d) promote abilities and (e) improve oral expression and academic performance; (3) United States has the most numbers of researches in this area; however, in Latin-American countries findings are not enough, so, there a new area to investigate in this region and (4) researches used models, methods, strategies, theories and instruments as a pedagogic practice; so that, there wasn’t an agreement about a shape to include Twitter data extracting in higher education to improve teaching and learning process.

“The Right to Self-determination”: Right and Laws Between Means of Oppression and Means of Liberation in the Discourse of the Indigenous Movement of Ecuador

Abstract: The 1970s and 1980s meant an ethnic politicization of the indigenous movement in Ecuador, until this moment defined largely as a class-based movement of indigenous peasants. The indigenous organizations started to conceptualize indigenous peoples as nationalities with their own economic, social, cultural and legal structures and therefore with the right to autonomy and self-determination. Based on this conceptualization, the movement developed demands for a pluralist reform of state and society in order to install a plurinational state with wide degrees of autonomy and participation for indigenous nationalities. A part of those demands was the double strategy to fight for legal pluralism while already installing it at the local level. Even if some degrees of legal pluralism have been recognized in Ecuador since the mid-1990s, in practice, the local de facto practice prevails until today. Another central part of the demand for plurinationality is the representation of indigenous peoples in the legislative organs of the state, developing since their first appearance in the 1940s in a complex way. This article will analyze the development of right-based demands within the discourse of the indigenous movement in Ecuador, the visions of the implied state-reform and the organizational and political background and implication they have. Based on an analysis of the central texts of the indigenous organizations, conceptualizations of rights and laws and their appropriation within an autonomist discourse and a local practice will be highlighted.