Daido University

About: Daido University is a education organization based out in Nagoya, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Ultimate tensile strength & Proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The organization has 209 authors who have published 423 publications receiving 3223 citations.

Lattice Defects Revealed by Hydrogen Thermal Desorption Analysis of Carbon Steel Strained with/without Hydrogen Pre-charging

Abstract: Effects of cyclic straining on the development of lattice defects were studied in a medium carbon steel containing globular cementite, using thermal desorption analysis (TDA) of post-charged hydrogen that acts as a tracer. The TDA curves were statistically analyzed using Gaussian function in order to separate comprised sub-peaks. The influence of hydrogen pre-charging was further explored. TDA desorption curves were separated into dislocations, grain boundaries, vacancies and vacancy clusters assuming Gaussian distributions for making quantitative comparisons of each defect. Tensile straining of 0.04 readily forms small amount of vacancies. Cyclic straining of 0.004 strain amplitude was more effective in vacancy formation, followed by their clustering. Hydrogen pre-charging before strain cycling was effective in enhancing the formation of those kinds of lattice defects. The maximum fractions of peak areas due to vacancies and vacancy clusters attained in the present study are 21.9% and 6.5% of the total desorption respectively. It was also revealed that the amount of hydrogen in the desorption peak from dislocations increases by straining in the presence of hydrogen. Slow tensile straining was more notable than cyclic straining, while the latter was increased by intensified hydrogen pre-charging.

Synthesis, structures, redox properties, and theoretical calculations of thiohalide capped octahedral hexanuclear technetium(iii) clusters.

Abstract: The first thiohalide μ3-capped octahedral hexanuclear technetium clusters with 24 valence electrons, [Tc6(μ3-S)8−n(μ3-Br)nBr6]n−4 [n = 1 ([Tc-S7Br]3−) and n = 2 ([Tc-S6Br2]2−)] and [Tc6(μ3-S)7(μ3-Cl)Cl6]3− ([Tc-S7Cl]3−), were synthesized and characterized. The structures of [Tc-S7Br]3−, [Tc-S6Br2]2−, and [Tc-S7Cl]3− were determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The Tc–Tc bond distances in [Tc-S7Br]3−, [Tc-S6Br2]2−, and [Tc-S7Cl]3− are 2.5842(6)–2.6029(6) A (avg. 2.593(2) A), 2.5835(10)–2.6049(10) A (avg. 2.596(1) A), and 2.5829(4)–2.5940(4) A (avg. 2.587(3) A), respectively. The capping halide and sulfide ligands in [Tc-S7Br]3−, [Tc-S6Br2]2−, and [Tc-S7Cl]3− were disordered in the crystals. The bond distances of Tc–S/Br as a function of the occupancies of the capping bromides for [Tc-S6Br2]2−, [Tc-S7Br]3−, and [Tc6(μ3-S)8Br6]4− ([Tc-S8]4−) showed a linear correlation. The one-electron reduction waves assignable to the TcIII6/TcIITcIII5 [Tc6(24e/25e)] process were observed for the novel complexes. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the hexanuclear technetium complexes showed a smaller energy gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the hexanuclear technetium complexes compared to those of the rhenium analogues. The electronic transitions of the new technetium complexes shifted to lower energy compared to the isotypic rhenium complexes.

A system helping the blind to get merchandise information

Abstract: We propose a system helping the blind to get best-before/use-by date of perishable foods. The system consists of a computer, a wireless camera and an earphone. It processes images captured by a user and extracts character regions in the image by using Support Vector Machine (SVM). Processing the regions by Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and the system outputs the best-before/use-by date as synthesized speech.

Measurement Method for the Solar Absorptance of a Standing Clothed Human Body

Abstract: Solar radiation is one of the most important components of the human–energy balance outdoors. To assess outdoor thermal comfort accurately, quantification of the solar absorptance of a clothed human body is needed. A measurement method using subjects lying on a horizontal roof surface was proposed in a previous study. However, this method only provided solar absorptance for the front side of the human body. Therefore, this study aims to establish a method of measurement of the solar absorptance of a standing clothed subject to determine the solar absorptance in any direction. Measurements were performed in September 2012 at Daido University in Nagoya, Japan. Four male and four female Japanese college-aged subjects participated in the experiments. Four clothing ensembles of a black shirt and black trousers (B-B), a black shirt and white trousers (B-W), a white shirt and black trousers (W-B), and a white shirt and white trousers (W-W) were tested for male subjects. Two clothing conditions of a black one-piece dress (Black) and a white one (White) were tested for female subjects. All subjects participated in an additional condition with their casual clothing ensembles. The following findings were obtained through the measurements. For the male subjects, the solar absorptance of the black shirt and black trousers ensemble (B-B) had the maximum value of 0.77. Meanwhile, the white shirt and white trousers ensemble (W-W) provided the minimum solar absorptance of 0.48. For the female subjects, the solar absorptances of the black and white one-piece dresses were 0.74 and 0.44, respectively. The solar absorptances of casual clothing were 0.61 and 0.59 for male and female subjects, respectively. The measurement method using the standing subject used in this study was appropriate for determining the solar absorptances of the clothed human body. Furthermore, this method was able to quantify the solar absorptance in several directions as well as for the front side of the subject.