Health Science University

About: Health Science University is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 9559 authors who have published 8727 publications receiving 200292 citations.

Driving with no brakes: molecular pathophysiology of Kv7 potassium channels.

Abstract: This review describes the molecular architecture, physiological role, and involvement in genetically determined channelopathies of Kv7 potassium channels and highlights their relevance as targets f...

Mouse B7-H3 induces antitumor immunity.

Abstract: Members of the B7 family costimulate the proliferation of lymphocytes during the initiation and maintenance of antigen-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. While B7-1 and -2 are restricted to lymphoid tissues, and activate naive T cells, recently identified members including B7-H2 and -H3 are widely expressed on nonlymphoid tissues, and regulate effector lymphocytes in the periphery. B7-H3 has properties that suggested it may display antitumor activity, including the ability to stimulate Th1 and cytotoxic T-cell responses. Here, we test this notion by determining whether intratumoral injection of an expression plasmid encoding a newly described mouse homologue of B7-H3 is able to eradicate EL-4 lymphomas. Intratumoral injection of a mouse B7-H3 pcDNA3 expression plasmid led to complete regression of 50% tumors, or otherwise significantly slowed tumor growth. Mice whose tumors completely regressed resisted a challenge with parental tumor cells, indicating systemic immunity had been generated. B7-H3-mediated antitumor immunity was mediated by CD8(+) T and NK cells, with no apparent contribution from CD4(+) T cells. In summary, the results indicate that B7-H3 interactions may play a role in regulating cell-mediated immune responses against cancer, and that B7-H3 is a potential therapeutic tool.

α-Mangostin extracted from the pericarp of the mangosteen ( Garcinia mangostana Linn) reduces tumor growth and lymph node metastasis in an immunocompetent xenograft model of metastatic mammary cancer carrying a p53 mutation

Abstract: The mangosteen fruit has a long history of medicinal use in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine Recently, the compound α-mangostin, which is isolated from the pericarp of the fruit, was shown to induce cell death in various types of cancer cells in in vitro studies This led us to investigate the antitumor growth and antimetastatic activities of α-mangostin in an immunocompetent xenograft model of mouse metastatic mammary cancer having a p53 mutation that induces a metastatic spectrum similar to that seen in human breast cancers Mammary tumors, induced by inoculation of BALB/c mice syngeneic with metastatic BJMC3879luc2 cells, were subsequently treated with α-mangostin at 0, 10 and 20 mg/kg/day using mini-osmotic pumps and histopathologically examined To investigate the mechanisms of antitumor ability by α-mangostin, in vitro studies were also conducted Not only were in vivo survival rates significantly higher in the 20 mg/kg/day α-mangostin group versus controls, but both tumor volume and the multiplicity of lymph node metastases were significantly suppressed Apoptotic levels were significantly increased in the mammary tumors of mice receiving 20 mg/kg/day and were associated with increased expression of active caspase-3 and -9 Other significant effects noted at this dose level were decreased microvessel density and lower numbers of dilated lymphatic vessels containing intraluminal tumor cells in mammary carcinoma tissues In vitro, α-mangostin induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and G1-phase arrest and S-phase suppression in the cell cycle Since activation by Akt phosphorylation plays a central role in a variety of oncogenic processes, including cell proliferation, anti-apoptotic cell death, angiogenesis and metastasis, we also investigated alterations in Akt phosphorylation induced by α-mangostin treatment both in vitro and in vivo Quantitative analysis and immunohistochemistry showed that α-mangostin significantly decreased the levels of phospho-Akt-threonine 308 (Thr308), but not serine 473 (Ser473), in both mammary carcinoma cell cultures and mammary carcinoma tissues in vivo Since lymph node involvement is the most important prognostic factor in breast cancer patients, the antimetastatic activity of α-mangostin as detected in mammary cancers carrying a p53 mutation in the present study may have specific clinical applications In addition, α-mangostin may have chemopreventive benefits and/or prove useful as an adjuvant therapy, or as a complementary alternative medicine in the treatment of breast cancer