International Potato Center

About: International Potato Center is a facility organization based out in Lima, Peru. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Phytophthora infestans. The organization has 1036 authors who have published 1460 publications receiving 47183 citations.

Conservation of coat protein sequence among isolates of potato mop-top virus from Scotland and Peru.

Abstract: Coat protein gene sequences of eight isolates of potato mop-top virus from the Peruvian Andes and of three isolates from Scotland were compared. Despite wide geographical separation, there was little sequence variation among all isolates.

Efficiency of potato breeding using FDR 2n gametes for multitrait selection and progeny testing.

Abstract: The objective of this research was to compare the efficiency of the 4x×2x breeding scheme with the traditional 4x×4x method with respect to potato improvement. The basis for such a comparison was the parental value of four 2x and four 4x male parents from the International Potato Center (CIP) as measured by multitrait selection and progeny testing. The 2x parents produced 2n pollen by parallel spindles at anaphase II, which is genetically equivalent to a first division restitution (FDR) mechanism. Both 2x and 4x parents were crossed with four common 4x female parents. Thus, 32 families were evaluated over 2 years at four Peruvian locations. A selection index which considered tuber yield, tuber number, average tuber weight and specific gravity was used for multitrait selection. Three FDR 2x parents had better selection index scores than the 4x parents over the four locations. Estimates of broad-sense heritability for total yield using different number of replications and locations were calculated by using the variance components. The 4x × 2x breeding scheme was found to be better than the traditional 4x × 4x method since fewer replications and locations are required to evaluate tuber yield in 4x × 2x progenies than in 4x × 4x progenies. The FDR 2x parents were also better material than the 4x parents for testing combining ability for tuber yield of the 4x progenitors. This could be the result of the mode of FDR 2n pollen formation. The pollen of FDR 2x parents is more heterozygous, but more homogenous than n pollen from 4x parents.

Drought and Heat Tolerance Evaluation in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Abstract: The impacts of water restriction and high temperatures on potato production will increase over the next decades, due to climate change and the extension of cultivation in drought and heat prone areas. We review recent achievements and describe new avenues in the evaluation of tolerance to these abiotic stresses in potato, focusing on the definition of target populations of environments, choice and characterization of the managed stress environment, stress monitoring, and secondary traits measurement.

The nature of Solanum chaucha Juz. et Buk., a triploid cultivated potato of the South American Andes

Abstract: The variation in Solanum × chauchaJuz. et Buk. (2n=3x=36) was studied using 114 accessions from the Potato Collection maintained by the International Potato Center. These accession represented less than 5% of the collection originally screened for ploidy. Twenty morphological characters of the tubers, inflorescences and leaves were scored. The accessions were grouped into 20 morphotypes on the basis of the tuber characters. Two-qualitative characters, red-anther tip and sky-blue flowers were diagnostic of 4 morphotypes, but the variation of the quantitative characters overlapped among morphotypes, and were of limited value. Electrophoretic separation of tuber proteins in 7.5% polyacrylamide gels generally confirmed the morphotype groupings. It is concluded that each of the morphotypes represents a single genotype, and these are named according to the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. The variation within S. × chaucha apparently has been restricted by its hybrid origin.