Showing papers by "Islamic Azad University published in 2006"
TL;DR: A rate equation for the degradation based on Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model has been proposed and results show that the adsorption constant and rate constant in L-H model are dependent to the light intensity, and increase with increasing the lightintensity.
784 citations
TL;DR: The aim of this paper is to extend the TOPSIS method to decision-making problems with fuzzy data, and the rating of each alternative and the weight of each criterion are expressed in triangular fuzzy numbers.
556 citations
TL;DR: By extension of TOPSIS method, an algorithm to determine the most preferable choice among all possible choices, when data is interval, is presented.
553 citations
TL;DR: The antidiabetic effect of garlic ethanolic extract was more effective than that observed with glibenclamide and the plant must be considered as excellent candidate for future studies on diabetes mellitus.
462 citations
TL;DR: Mortality salience increased support for such measures among politically conservative but not politically liberal students, and the roles of existential fear, cultural worldviews, and construing one's nation as pursing a heroic battle against evil in advocacy of violence were discussed.
Abstract: Study 1 investigated the effect of mortality salience on support for martyrdom attacks among Iranian college students. Participants were randomly assigned to answer questions about either their own death or an aversive topic unrelated to death and then evaluated materials from fellow students who either supported or opposed martyrdom attacks against the United States. Whereas control participants preferred the student who opposed martyrdom, participants reminded of death preferred the student who supported martyrdom and indicated they were more likely to consider such activities themselves. Study 2 investigated the effect of mortality salience on American college students' support for extreme military interventions by American forces that could kill thousands of civilians. Mortality salience increased support for such measures among politically conservative but not politically liberal students. The roles of existential fear, cultural worldviews, and construing one's nation as pursing a heroic battle again...
383 citations
TL;DR: This paper defines precompact set in intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces and proves that any subset of an intuitionism fuzzy metric space is compact if and only if it is precompacts and complete.
Abstract: In this paper, we define precompact set in intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces and prove that any subset of an intuitionistic fuzzy metric space is compact if and only if it is precompact and complete. Also we define topologically complete intuitionistic fuzzy metrizable spaces and prove that any G δ set in a complete intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces is a topologically complete intuitionistic fuzzy metrizable space and vice versa. Finally, we define intuitionistic fuzzy normed spaces and fuzzy boundedness for linear operators and so we prove that every finite dimensional intuitionistic fuzzy normed space is complete.
322 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple and one-pot method for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidones is reported, where 12-molybdophosphoric acid in refluxing acetic acid catalyzes this three-component condensation reaction to afford the corresponding pyrimidinones in good yields.
175 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the amount of oil to be sorbed onto the adsorbents used in this study using both static and dynamic methods, and the results obtained were correlated with the first order, second order and intra-particle diffusion models.
164 citations
TL;DR: The LU decomposition method, for solving fuzzy system of linear equations, is considered in spatial case when the coefficient matrix is symmetric positive definite and followed by convergence theorem.
151 citations
TL;DR: The decolorization of Malachite Oxalate Green (MG), a dye containing three groups of aryls was investigated using UV radiation in the presence of H 2 O 2 in a batch photoreactor at different light intensities as mentioned in this paper.
143 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an efficient synthesis of various tetrasubstituted imidazoles using silica gel-supported sodium bisulfate as a catalytic support by four-component condensation of benzil or benzoin, aldehydes, amines, and ammonium acetate under microwave irradiation or classical heating conditions is described.
TL;DR: OA wear after a mean of 7.4 years induces clinically relevant changes in the dental arch and the occlusion, and a greater change in overjet was correlated to a more favorable change.
TL;DR: A new type of 4,5-diaryl-4H-1,2,4-triazole, possessing C-3 thio and alkylthio substituents, exhibited a high in vitro selectivity and showed good anti-inflammatory activity compared to celecoxib in a carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay.
TL;DR: A series of eco-friendly solid acid catalysts, including H14[NaP5W30O110], H14−P5, H14·P5Mo, and silica supported H14•P5/SiO2 have been used as catalysts for esterification of salicylic acid with aliphatic alcohols as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A series of eco-friendly solid acid catalysts, including H14[NaP5W30O110], H14–P5, H14[NaP5W29MoO110], H14–P5Mo, and silica supported H14[NaP5W30O110], H14–P5/SiO2 have been used as catalysts for esterification of salicylic acid with aliphatic alcohols (methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, t-butanol, 1-pentanol, and 2-pentanol) and benzylic alcohols (benzyl, 2-methylbenzyl, 2-chlorobenzyl, 4-bromobenzyl, 3-nitrobenzyl, and 4-methoxy benzyl) alcohol. The performance of different forms of Preyssler's anion in the presence of dichloroethan as the solvent of choice was compared with H2SO4. In all cases, maximum of ester yields and product selectivity (100%) was observed by using H14–P5 as catalyst. The esterification reactions were extended with other aliphatic and aromatic acids.
TL;DR: A new naturally occurring toxigenic A. flavus chemotype comprising of two strains capable of producing more AFB2 than AFB1 has been identified in this study which indicate a possible relationship between high levels of relative humidity and the incidence of aflatoxin-producing fungi.
Abstract: Soil isolates of Aspergillus section Flavi from Mazandaran and Semnan provinces with totally different climatic conditions in Iran were examined for aflatoxins (AFs; B and G types), cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and sclerotia production A total of 66 Aspergillus flavus group strains were identified from three species viz Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus nomius in both locations A flavus (879%) was found to be the prominent species followed by A nomius (91%) and A parasiticus (30%) Only 275% of A flavus isolates were aflatoxigenic (B(1) or B(1) and B(2)), out of which approximately 75% were capable to producing CPA All the A parasiticus and A nomius isolates produced AFs of both B (B(1) and B(2)) and G (G(1) and G(2)) types, but did not produce CPA Sclerotia production was observed in only 4 isolates of A flavus among all 66 isolates from three identified species A flavus isolates were classified into various chemotypes based on the ability to produce aflatoxins and CPA In this study, a new naturally occurring toxigenic A flavus chemotype comprising of two strains capable of producing more AFB(2) than AFB(1) has been identified A relatively larger proportion of aflatoxigenic A flavus strains were isolated from corn field soils of Mazandaran province which indicate a possible relationship between high levels of relative humidity and the incidence of aflatoxin-producing fungi The importance of incidence of Aspergillus section Flavi in corn field soils regard to their mycotoxin production profiles and crop contamination with special reference to climatic conditions is discussed
TL;DR: In this article, a multi-stage fuzzy proportional integral derivative (PID) type controller is proposed to solve the automatic generation control (AGC) problem in a deregulated power system that operates under deregulation based on the bilateral policy scheme.
TL;DR: The protein conformation was altered with major reduction of α-helix from 60 to 55% to 40 to 40% and increase of β-structure from 22 to 15% (free HSA) to 33 to 23% in the drug- Protein secondary, structure are attributed to partial, unfolding of HSA on drug complexation.
Abstract: We report different analytical methods used to study the effects of 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine, aspirin, taxol, cisplatin, atrazine, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic, biogenic, polyamines, chlorophyll, chlorophyllin, poly(ethylene glycol), vanadyl cation, vanadate anion, cobalt-hexamine cation, and As2O3, on the stability and secondary structure of human serum albumin (HSA) in aqueous solution, using capillary electrophoresis. Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet visible, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic methods. The concentrations of HSA used were 4% to 2% or 0.6 to 0.3 mM, while different ligand concentrations were 1μM to 1 mM. Structural data showed drugs are mostly located along the polypeptide chains with both specific and nonspecific interactions. The stability of drug-protein complexes were in the order KVO2+ 1.2×108M−1>KAZT 1.9×106M−1>KPEG 4.1×105M−1>Katrazine 3.5×104M−1>Kchlorophyll 2.9×104M−1>K2,4-D2.5×104 M−1>Kspermine 1.7×104M−1>Ktaxol 1.43×104M−1>KCo3+>1.1×104M−1>Kaspirin 1.04×104i−1>Kchlorophyllin 7.0×103M−1×KVO3−6.0×103M−1>Kspermidine 5.4 ×103M−1>Kputrescine 3.9×103M−1>KAs2O3, 2.2×103M−1>Kcisplatin 1.2×102M−1. The protein conformation was altered (infrared and CD results) with major reduction of α-helix from 60 to 55% (free HSA) to 40 to 40% and increase of β-structure from 22 to 15% (free HSA) to 33 to 23% in the drug-protein complexes. The alterations of protein secondary, structure are attributed to partial, unfolding of HSA on drug complexation.
TL;DR: It was appeared the use of Ca( NO(3))(2) increased both Azolla growth rate and the rate of heavy metals uptake while the using KNO(3) although increased Azolla grow rate but decreased the rateof heavy metals absorption.
TL;DR: In this article, an advanced formulation of the time-domain, two-dimensional hybrid finite element-boundary element method (FEM/BEM) is presented, and applied to carry out site response analysis of homogeneous and non-homogeneous topographic structures subjected to incident in-plane motions.
TL;DR: The results indicate the potential of P300-based GKT for detecting concealed information, although further research is required to increase its accuracy and precision and evaluating its vulnerability to countermeasures.
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of eco-friendly Preyssler catalysts was compared with H 2 SO 4 and the catalytic activity of H 2SO 4 was found to be lower than pre-yssler catalyst, which was easily recovered and recycled with retention of their initial structure and activity.
Abstract: γ-Butyrolactone, ɛ-caprolactone and 2-cumaranone are synthesized from related diols, using Preyssler heteropolyacids, H 14 [NaP 5 W 30 O 110 ] and H 14 [NaP 5 W 29 MoO 110 ] as catalyst, and hydrogen peroxide as oxidizing agent. The performance of eco-friendly Preyssler catalysts was compared with H 2 SO 4 and the catalytic activity of H 2 SO 4 is found to be lower than Preyssler catalysts. The effects of various parameters such as amount of diol, temperature, solvent and time were studied. In all cases, the Preyssler catalyst was easily recovered and recycled with retention of their initial structure and activity.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the ethanolic extract of salvia officinalis potentiated memory retention and also it has an interaction with muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic systems that is involved in the memory retention process.
TL;DR: The continuous sine–cosine wavelets on the interval [0, 1] are used to solve the linear integro-differential equation and the quadrature formulae for the calculation of inner products of any functions are constructed.
TL;DR: In this article, the catalytic oxidation of pyridine carboxylic acids such as nicotinic acid, picolinic acid and quniolinic acid to the corresponding N-oxides has been studied using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant and Preyssler's catalyst as pure acid.
Abstract: The catalytic oxidation of pyridine carboxylic acids such as nicotinic acid, picolinic acid and quniolinic acid to the corresponding N-oxides has been studied using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant and Preyssler's catalyst as pure acid, H 14 [NaP 5 W 30 O 110 ] and mixed addenda, H 14 [NaP 5 W 29 MoO 110 ]. The highly selective oxidations, gave good yields of the related N-oxides along with decarboxylation of the amines. In the production of pyridine N-oxides, the position of COOH group is found to play an important role in the product type and decarboxylation is only taken place at 2-position of nitrogen. The oxidation reactions were extended to other tertiary amines.
TL;DR: In the presence of heteropoly acids, H3PW12O40 and H14[NaP5W30MoO110] gave derivatives of 6-aryl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4[5H]-ones 4.
Abstract: Reaction of 5-amino-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo-4-carboxamide 1 with aromatic aldehyde in presence of heteropoly acids, H3PW12O40 and H14[NaP5W30MoO110] gave derivatives of 6-aryl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4[5H]-ones 4.
TL;DR: In this paper, bulk and chemical partitioning of elements in the Shefa-Rud riverbed sediments are studies. And the results are in a well agreement with results of chemical partition data.
Abstract: In the present investigation, bulk and chemical partitioning of elements in the Shefa-Rud riverbed sediments are studies. Higher concentrations of elemental concentrations have been observed in estuarine zone when compared with riverine sediments (except for AI, Fe, Pb and Mn). Manganese is mobilized under anoxic conditions prevailing in the Caspian Sea. Lithogenous materials are greatly diluted in the estuarine zone by various pollutants present in the Caspian Sea. Organic metallic bonds are not significantly present in the area of study. Geological units of the area of study have resulted in the lower concentrations of elemental concentrations of riverbed sediments when compared with published values for mean crust and world sediments ones. Though, cluster analysis has clearly shown the importance of alumina-silicates in controlling the distribution of Fe and Mn in riverbed sediments but it could not depict controlling mechanism for other studied elements. Geochemical Index (Igeo) and Enrichment Factor (EF) values are indicative of a clean environment throughout the river course. These values are in a well agreement with results of chemical partitioning data. Quantification of EF values is not logically possible and therefore Igeo values can be used more effectively.
TL;DR: UV alone cannot be an efficient method for decolorization of AR27 in comparison with UV/H(2)O( 2) process, therefore the first term of the model can be neglected.
TL;DR: Ciprofloxacin derivatives, containing a N-(chloro-substituted phenethyl) residue, showed in vitro Gram-positive and Gram-negative activity generally comparable or superior to that of reference quinolones.
TL;DR: periodontal therapy, phase I, results in a reduction in PLBW incidence rate and the application of such a simple method among periodontally diseased pregnant women is recommended.
Abstract: Considering the high prevalence of preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) and their complications as well as the role played by periodontal disease in their incidence and the lack of any report of periodontal therapy on these problems in Iran, the goal of the present research was to determine the effects of periodontal treatment on PLBW incidence among women with moderate or advanced periodontitis who were referred to Javaheri hospital (2004-2005). This clinical trial research was conducted on 30 pregnant women age ranging from 18-35 years old, with moderate or advanced periodontitis. Fifteen subjects randomly underwent the first phase of periodontal treatment including scaling, root planning and the use of 0.2% chlorhexidine mouth rinse for one week. None of these steps were taken for the controls. After necessary follow ups, the effect of periodontal treatment on birth term and birth weight were analyzed statistically. This research was conducted on 30 subjects, 15 controls and 15 cases in study group. In the control group, the observed rate of PLBW was 26.7% whereas among periodontally treated group, phase I, PLBW infant was not observed (P < 0.05). Infants birth weight were (3059.3-389.7) gms in study group and (3371-394.2) gms in the control group and respectively (P < 0.05). Periodontal therapy, phase I, results in a reduction in PLBW incidence rate. Therefore, the application of such a simple method among periodontally diseased pregnant women is recommended.
TL;DR: The steepest descent method, for solving system of fuzzy linear equation is considered, discussed and followed by convergence theorem and illustrated by solving some numerical examples.