Institution
Maryland Department of Natural Resources Police
About: Maryland Department of Natural Resources Police is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Oyster. The organization has 211 authors who have published 366 publications receiving 11448 citations. The organization is also known as: Maryland DNR Natural Resources Police & Maryland Department of Natural Resources Police.
Topics: Population, Oyster, Bay, Algal bloom, Eastern oyster
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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United States Environmental Protection Agency1, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science2, North Carolina State University3, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution4, San Francisco State University5, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration6, Stony Brook University7, University of South Florida St. Petersburg8, Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control9, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources10, University of South Carolina11, Maryland Department of Natural Resources Police12, Old Dominion University13, Chesapeake Research Consortium14, University of Alaska Fairbanks15
TL;DR: In January 2003, the US Environmental Protection Agency sponsored a "roundtable discussion" to develop a consensus on the relationship between eutrophication and harmful algal blooms, specifically targeting those relationships for which management actions may be appropriate.
1,622 citations
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TL;DR: Research, modeling, and monitoring have shown that reducing nutrient sources by 40% would improve water quality, but less than originally thought, and the lack of reductions in nutrient concentrations in some streams and tidal waters and field research suggest that soil conservation-based management strategies are less effective than assumed.
Abstract: Chesapeake Bay has been the subject of intensive research on cultural eutrophication and extensive efforts to reduce nutrient inputs. In 1987 a commitment was made to reduce controllable sources of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) by 40% by the year 2000, although the causes and effects of eutrophication were incompletely known. Subsequent research, modeling, and monitoring have shown that: (i) the estuarine ecosystem had been substantially altered by increased loadings of N and P of approximately 7- and 18-fold, respectively; (ii) hypoxia substantially increased since the 1950s; (iii) eutrophication was the major cause of reductions in submerged vegetation; and (iv) reducing nutrient sources by 40% would improve water quality, but less than originally thought. Strong public support and political commitment have allowed the Chesapeake Bay Program to reduce nutrient inputs, particularly from point sources, by 58% for P and 28% for N. However, reductions of nonpoint sources of P and N were projected by models to reach only 19% and 15%, respectively, of controllable loadings. The lack of reductions in nutrient concentrations in some streams and tidal waters and field research suggest that soil conservation-based management strategies are less effective than assumed. In 1997, isolated outbreaks of the toxic dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida brought attention to the land application of poultry manure as a contributing factor to elevated soil P and ground water N concentrations. In addition to developing more effective agricultural practices, emerging issues include linking eutrophication and living resources, reducing atmospheric sources of N, enhancing nutrient sinks, controlling sprawling suburban development, and predicting and preventing harmful algal blooms.
660 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted in the Piedmont province of Maryland to determine if a relationship exists between stream quality and the extent of watershed urbanization, finding that the relationship between degrees of urbanization and decline in stream quality was linear as watershed area increased.
Abstract: A study was conducted in the Piedmont province of Maryland to determine if a relationship exists between stream quality and the extent of watershed urbanization. During the first phase of the study 27 small watersheds, having similar characteristics but varied according to land use, were investigated. Using these controlled conditions, eliminating as many interferences as possible, this first phase was intended to determine if a definite relationship did exist between the two factors. Finding that the first phase was successful the second was initiated which consisted of a comparison of biological sampling data, from other studies, with degree of watershed urbanization. The purpose of this second phase was to ascertain if the relationship between degrees of urbanization and decline in stream quality was linear as watershed area increased and in streams spread throughout the Maryland Piedmont. The principal finding of this study was that stream quality impairment is first evidenced when watershed imperviousness reaches 12%, but does not become severe until imperviousness reaches 30%.
616 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a stream-monitoring data set collected from the Coastal Plain of Maryland, USA to address analytical challenges presented by collinearity of land-cover class percentages, spatial autocorrelation of land cover and stream data, intercorrelations among and spatial auto-correlation within abiotic intermediaries that link land cover to stream biota, and spatial arrangement of landcover within watersheds.
Abstract: Watershed land cover is widely used as a predictor of stream-ecosystem condition. However, numerous spatial factors can confound the interpretation of correlative analyses between land cover and stream indicators, particularly at broad spatial scales. We used a stream-monitoring data set collected from the Coastal Plain of Maryland, USA to address analytical challenges presented by (1) collinearity of land-cover class percentages, (2) spatial autocorrelation of land cover and stream data, (3) intercorrelations among and spatial autocorrelation within abiotic intermediaries that link land cover to stream biota, and (4) spatial arrangement of land cover within watersheds. We focused on two commonly measured stream indicators, nitrate-nitrogen (NO3–N) and macroinvertebrate assemblages, to evaluate how different spatial considerations may influence results. Partial correlation analysis of land-cover percentages revealed that simple correlations described relationships that could not be separated from the effe...
515 citations
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TL;DR: The sites of the Pfiesteria outbreaks ranked among those with the highest organic loading of all sites monitored bay-wide, and the availability of dissolved organic carbon and phosphorus were higher at sites experiencing A. anophagefferens blooms than at those without blooms.
Abstract: Harmful algal blooms in the Chesapeake Bay and coastal bays of Maryland, USA, are not a new phenomenon, but may be increasing in frequency and diversity. Outbreaks ofPfiesteria piscicida (Dinophyceae) were observed during 1997 in several Chesapeake Bay tributaries, while in 1998,Pfiesteria-related events were not found but massive blooms ofProrocentrum minimum (Dinophyceae) occurred. In 1999,Aureococcus anophagefferens (Pelagophyceae) developed in the coastal bays in early summer in sufficient densities to cause a brown tide. In 1997, toxicPfiesteria was responsible for fish kills at relatively low cell densities. In 1998 and 1999, the blooms ofP. minimum andA. anophagefferens were not toxic, but reached sufficiently high densities to have ecological consequences. These years differed in the amount and timing of rainfall events and resulting nutrient loading from the largely agricultural watershed. Nutrient loading to the eastern tributaries of Chesapeake Bay has been increasing over the past decade. Much of this nutrient delivery is in organic form. The sites of thePfiesteria outbreaks ranked among those with the highest organic loading of all sites monitored bay-wide. The availability of dissolved organic carbon and phosphorus were also higher at sites experiencingA. anophagefferens blooms than at those without blooms. The ability to supplement photosynthesis with grazing or organic substrates and to use a diversity of organic nutrients may play a role in the development and maintenance of these species. ForP. minimum andA. anophagefferens, urea is used preferentially over nitrate.Pfiesteria is a grazer, but also has the ability to take up nutrients directly. The timing of nutrient delivery may also be of critical importance in determining the success of certain species.
252 citations
Authors
Showing all 211 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Christopher F. Dungan | 18 | 34 | 996 |
Inke Sunila | 16 | 26 | 790 |
Jennifer L. Wolny | 12 | 28 | 776 |
Elliott Campbell | 12 | 28 | 503 |
Susan Knowles | 11 | 33 | 560 |
Sean M.C. Smith | 10 | 19 | 806 |
David F. Brinker | 10 | 24 | 314 |
Scott A. Stranko | 10 | 16 | 518 |
Peter J. Tango | 10 | 18 | 417 |
Theodore C. Weber | 9 | 12 | 459 |
Ronald J. Klauda | 9 | 13 | 377 |
Cindy Driscoll | 9 | 14 | 229 |
Jeffrey P. Halka | 8 | 11 | 613 |
John Sherwell | 8 | 11 | 253 |
Mark A. Matsche | 8 | 21 | 175 |