Namik Kemal University

About: Namik Kemal University is a education organization based out in Tekirdağ, Turkey. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cyclic voltammetry. The organization has 1396 authors who have published 3009 publications receiving 31698 citations.

Investigating the addition of enzymes in gluten-free flours – The effect on pasting and textural properties

Abstract: A wide range of enzymes (fungal amylase, esterase, hemicellulase, glucose oxidase and transglutaminase) were added to gluten-free flours (buckwheat, corn and rice) at different concentrations (0, 1, 3, 5, 10 g/100 kg flour) to investigate the effects on pasting properties of flour and texture profiles of the flour gels. Concerning the pasting properties, fungal amylase enzyme consistently affected the flour properties. Breakdown of complex starch molecules into simpler sugars due to the enzyme activity decreased the overall viscosity parameters (at least trough viscosity by 50%, breakdown viscosity by 80%, final viscosity by 60% and setback viscosity by 67%) during the application of heating, shearing and cooling cycle. Increasing enzyme concentration decreased these values further due to increase in the rate of hydrolysis. Texture profiles of the flour gels showed good relation with pasting properties. Decreasing viscosity of gluten-free gels by enzymes caused reduction in the firmness of the gels. The hardest gel was found as corn flour at the highest amylase enzyme concentration (10 g/100 kg flour). However, the highest springiness, resilience, cohesiveness and adhesiveness value was observed for buckwheat starch gel.

Heart rate recovery may predict the presence of coronary artery disease.

Abstract: Objective We investigated whether post-exercise first minute abnormal heart rate recovery (HRR1) helps to predict the presence and severity of CAD, because of some confounding data. Methods A cross-sectional, retrospective study was performed. Two hundred individuals were included. Gensini scores and the number of coronary artery involvements were used to evaluate the severity of CAD. Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for the analysis continuous and categorical data. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to determine whether there is correlation between Gensini scoring and HRR1. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine predictors for abnormal HRR1. ROC curve analysis was performed to detect the best sensitivity and specificity value of HRR1 in predicting CAD presence. Results Seventy subjects (35%) did not have CAD, and CAD was present in 130 patients (65%). HRR1 ≤21 beats with ROC analysis was determined to be the best cut off point. After adjustment between the two groups in terms of age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia or smoking (all p>0.05), there was relationship CAD presence and abnormal HRR1 (OR=2.1, 95% CI: 1.1-3.9, p=0.02), but not between CAD severity and HRR1 (r=-0.13, p=0.112). The sensitivity, specificity, and the positive and negative predictive values of abnormal HRR1 ≤21 beats at first minute for predicting CAD presence were 76.1%, 41.3% (AUC=0.588, CI 95%: 0.517-0,657, p=0.039), 70.7% and 48.3%, respectively. Conclusion In the study abnormal HRR1 predicted the presence of CAD, but not the severity of it.