Namik Kemal University

About: Namik Kemal University is a education organization based out in Tekirdağ, Turkey. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cyclic voltammetry. The organization has 1396 authors who have published 3009 publications receiving 31698 citations.

Investigations on the role of cuticular wax in resistance to powdery mildew in grapevine

Abstract: Cuticular wax on the plant epidermis inhibits or enhances prepenetration events of powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator Schwein). We examined the role of cuticular leaf and berry waxes as a resistance mechanism in four grapevine genotypes (Italia × Mercan-174, Gurcu, Isabella, Ozer Karasi) resistant to powdery mildew after natural infection and inoculation. To understand cuticular wax properties, we determined the amount of wax and antifungal effects of thin layer chromatography (TLC) fractions from cuticular leaf and berry waxes, then assessed the chemical composition of fractions with different antifungal activities using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Susceptible genotypes Cabernet Sauvignon and Italia were used for comparison. Resistant and sensitive genotypes did not differ significantly in the total amount of wax on leaves and berries; however, 27 fatty acids, 26 alkanes, 6 terpenes, 4 indole derivatives and 4 ketones, and 3 amides, 3 phenols and 3 steroids were detected in fractions with high antifungal activity (≥75% inhibition of germination) in leaf and/or berry cuticular waxes of resistant genotypes only. These compounds may be evaluated as markers for powdery mildew resistance during genotype selection in a grapevine breeding program.

The effect of spray mix adjuvants on spray drift.

Abstract: CELEN, I. H., 2010. The effect of spray mix adjuvants on spray drift. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 16: 105-110 Numerous drift reduction adjuvants and spray deposition aids are available to applicators of crop production and protection chemicals. Performance of many of the newly introduced drift control adjuvants has not been well documented for ground application. Tree drift control adjuvants were selected for drift studies in ar assisted applications. Deposition and downwind drift in a vineyard canopy were collected on Filter papers for measurement and analysis. The deposition was highly correlated to the drift distance and treatments or adjuvants. Treatment and distance had significant effects on deposition. The filter papers detected essentially no droplet depositions beyond the 24 m. All the treatments had smilar deposition values from 6 th and 9 th m. The results will aid

Inflammatory Mediators Across the Spectrum of Ankle-Brachial Index

Abstract: Aim Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a manifestation of atherosclerosis with poor prognosis. It is generally complicated by vascular calcification, which is located either in the intima as patchy infiltrates; or circumferentially in the media, also known as medial arterial calcification (MAC). Obstructive PAD is reflected by low anklebrachial index (ABI ≤ 0.9), whereas MAC is revealed by high ABI (ABI ＞1.4). Considering the increase in cardiovascular mortality at both ends of the ABI spectrum, this study aimed to explore the underlying pathology through cytokines with established prognostic significance; namely pentraxin-3(PTX3), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), copeptin, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1), NT-proBNP, and neopterin. Methods We categorized 180 patients with previous multivessel coronary artery bypass grafting surgery into three groups based on their ABI measurements; 60 patients with ABI ≤ 0.9, 60 patients with ABI within 0.91 and 1.4 (normal ABI), and 60 patients with ABI ＞1.4 constituted the "PAD," "normal," "MAC" groups, respectively. The circulating levels of the biochemical markers were determined. Results In the PAD group, the cytokine levels with predominantly proatherogenic actions such as PTX3, hsCRP, copeptin, and sTREM-1 were increased and these cytokine levels declined as the ABI increased. In the MAC group, the cytokine concentrations with pleiotropic actions such as NT-proBNP and neopterin increased and; NT-proBNP and neopterin concentrations decreased as ABI decreased. The linear regression analysis revealed that neopterin (β=0.72), PTX3 (β=－0.32), and copeptin (β=－0.48) were independent predictors of ABI. Conclusions These findings suggest that different inflammatory pathways influence the pathology at the opposing ends of the ABI spectrum. Consequently, we suggest that PTX3, copeptin, and neopterin are promising biomarkers for future research.

Peri-operative blood transfusion in elective major surgery: incidence, indications and outcome - an observational multicentre study.

Abstract: BACKGROUND Patients' demographic and epidemiological characteristics, local variations in clinicians' knowledge and experience and types of surgery can influence peri-operative transfusion practices. Sharing data on transfusion practices and recipients may improve patients' care and implementation of Patient Blood Management (PBM). MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a multicentre, prospective, observational, cross-sectional study that included 61 centres. Clinical and transfusion data of patients undergoing major elective surgery were collected; transfusion predictors and patients' outcomes were analysed. RESULTS Of 6,121 patients, 1,579 (25.8%) received a peri-operative transfusion. A total of 5,812 blood components were transfused: red blood cells (RBC), fresh-frozen plasma and platelets in 1,425 (23.3%), 762 (12.4%) and 88 (1.4%) cases, respectively). Pre-operative anaemia was identified in 2,019 (33%) patients. Half of the RBC units were used by patients in the age group 45-69 years. Specific procedures with the highest RBC use were coronary artery bypass grafting (16.9% of all units) and hip arthroplasty (14.9%). Low haemoglobin concentration was the most common indication for intra-operative RBC transfusion (57%) and plasma and platelet transfusions were mostly initiated for acute bleeding (61.3% and 61.1%, respectively). The RBC transfusion rate in study centres varied from 2% to 72%. RBC transfusion was inappropriate in 99% (n=150/151) of pre-operative, 23% (n=211/926) of intra-operative and 43% (n=308/716) of post-operative RBC transfusion episodes. Pre-operative haemoglobin, increased blood loss, open surgery and duration of surgery were the main independent predictors of intra-operative RBC transfusion. Low pre-operative haemoglobin concentration was independently associated with post-operative pulmonary complications. CONCLUSIONS These findings identified areas for improvement in peri-operative transfusion practice and PBM implementation in Turkey.

Evaluation of the effects of pregabalin on chondrocyte proliferation and CHAD, HIF-1α, and COL2A1 gene expression

Abstract: Introduction The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of pregabalin (PGB) on chondrocyte proliferation and collagen type II (COL2A1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α), and chondroadherin (CHAD) gene expression in osteoarthritic chondrocytes Material and methods Standard primary chondrocyte cultures were prepared using osteochondral tissues that were surgically obtained from 6 patients with gonarthrosis Cell morphology was evaluated using an inverted microscope, and cell death and proliferation were determined through MTT analysis, which was confirmed by AO/PI staining and statistically evaluated The expression levels of CHAD, COL2A1, and HIF-1α genes were assessed using gene-specific TaqMan Gene Expression Assays Results MTT analyses showed that PGB administration did not have a negative or toxic effect on cell viability and proliferation in cultured chondrocytes (p < 0001), but in our morphological evaluation extracellular matrix development was observed to be weaker in cultures treated with PGB After 24 h of treatment, COL2A1, HIF-1α, and CHAD gene expression decreased in the groups to which PGB was applied compared to gene expression before the experiment (at 0 h); at 48 h, CHAD and HIF-1α expression increased to the same level as the control group, but the expression of COL2A1 continued to decrease Conclusions Further studies need to be conducted with more participants to prove that there is a negative correlation between extracellular matrix formation and PGB administration Our preliminary data show that even at low doses and over short-term administration, PGB may affect chondrocyte cells at the gene-expression level