National Institute of Oceanography, India

About: National Institute of Oceanography, India is a facility organization based out in Panjim, Goa, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Monsoon & Population. The organization has 4713 authors who have published 6927 publications receiving 174272 citations.

Seagrass habitat complexity and macroinvertebrate abundance in Lakshadweep coral reef lagoons, Arabian Sea

Abstract: Macrofauna of seagrass community in the five Lakshadweep atolls were studied and compared The associated epifaunal and infaunal taxa comprising nine major taxonomic groups, showed significant differences in the total number of individuals (1041–8411 m−2) among sites and habitats The density of macrofauna was directly related to mean macrophytic biomass (405–895 g wet wt m−2) The fauna was dominated by epifaunal polychaetes, amphipods and isopods in the vegetated areas When compared with the density of nearby unvegetated areas\(\left( {\bar x = 815{\text{m }}^{ - 2} } \right)\), seagrass meadows harbour a denser and richer macroinvertebrate assemblage\(\left( {\bar x = 4023{\text{m }}^{ - 2} } \right)\)

Molecular Insights on Dissolved Organic Matter Transformation by Supraglacial Microbial Communities.

Abstract: Snow overlays the majority of Antarctica and is an important repository of dissolved organic matter (DOM). DOM transformations by supraglacial microbes are not well understood. We use ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry to elucidate molecular changes in snowpack DOM by in situ microbial processes (up to 55 days) in a coastal Antarctic site. Both autochthonous and allochthonous DOM is highly bioavailable and is transformed by resident microbial communities through parallel processes of degradation and synthesis. DOM thought to be of a more refractory nature, such as dissolved black carbon and carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules, was also rapidly and extensively reworked. Microbially reworked DOM exhibits an increase in the number and magnitude of N-, S-, and P-containing formulas, is less oxygenated, and more aromatic when compared to the initial DOM. Shifts in the heteroatom composition suggest that microbial processes may be important in the cycling of not only C, but other elements such as N, S, and ...

Distribution of Juvenile and Adult Ghost Shrimps, Callianassa Japonica Ortmann (Thalassinidea), on an Intertidal Sand Flat: Intraspecific Facilitation as a Possible Pattern-generating Factor

Abstract: On an intertidal sand flat in western Kyushu, Japan, adults of the ghost shrimp Callianassa japonica Ortmann inhabited the upper tidal zone in 1979. Their distribution later expanded greatly to occupy almost the entire sand flat by 1983, the situation remaining unchanged until the end of the study in 1990. Both larval settlement and adult migration accounted for the expansion of the distribution. The positions of the tidal zones, which had the highest densities of newly settled juveniles, shifted, along with the distribution expansion of adults, but were always around the seaward margin of the adult habitat, with densities gradually decreasing shoreward. After maximum distribution expansion was attained, the densities of adults were higher seaward along the elevation gradient, reflecting spatial variations in juvenile density. Occupation of deep-sediment layers by juveniles and hence their escape from mortality-causing factors near the sediment surface might be facilitated through the bioturbation of sediments and by the presence of burrows of established adults. This appears to be responsible for the observed distribution patterns.

Effects of dietary marine microalgae, Tetraselmis suecica, on production, gene expression, protein markers and bacterial count of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract: The marine flagellated Chlorophyta Tetraselmis suecica is among the most important live food species in marine aquaculture. In the present study, the effects of dietary supplementation of dried marine microalgae, Tetraselmis suecica, on growth performance; feed utilization; chemical composition; gene expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and insulin‐like growth factor 2 (IGF‐II) gene of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei; muscle protein polymorphism; and microbial count were assessed and evaluated. Three hundred and sixty L. vannamei (postlarvae) Pls (0.124 ± 0.002 g) were randomly stocked into 40‐L glass aquaria (30 shrimp/aquarium) and fed three times daily four tested diets: a basal diet (control), diet incorporated with 2.5 g kg⁻¹ dried T. suecica (T1), 5 g kg⁻¹ dried T. suecica (T2) and 7.5 g kg⁻¹ dried T. suecica (T3) in triplicates, for 90 days. At the end of the trial, the survival rate (SR) of L. vannamei fed diets supplemented with different levels of T. suecica was significantly (p .05) differences were found in the total Vibrio count among treatments. Overall, the present results have shown that the diet supplemented with the highest inclusion level of dried T. suecica resulted in improved growth and nutrient utilization.

On the transformation of a continuous spectrum by refraction

Abstract: When waves are propagated through a medium whose velocity of propagation varies gradually from place to place, the wave direction and intensity vary according to the laws of refraction. Although the geometry of ray-paths has been well explored, and so also the laws governing the intensity of a coherent train of waves, little attention has apparently been given to the variation in intensity of an incoherent beam having a broad spectrum. The transformation of the energy spectrum is of practical importance in branches of geophysics, for example, in the study of sea waves entering shallow water, or of microseismic waves propagated through inhomogeneous regions of the earth's crust. Accordingly, it seems worth while to state and prove the rule governing the transformation of the two-dimensional spectrum function of a wave disturbance undergoing refraction.